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Investigation of the Relationship between the Body Activity with Life Satisfaction amongst the Youth Who Suffer from Multiple Sclerosis in Tehran
Roghayeh Bagheri,
Farideh Ashraf Ganjouei,
Zahra Haji Anzaee
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, March 2014
Pages:
47-51
Received:
11 December 2013
Published:
30 January 2014
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20140202.11
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Abstract: Recently, great and unprecedented changes in science and technology are emerging throughout the world. In the science world, physical activity and exercise are very important for curing psychological illness. This article investigates a vast domain of different youth who suffer from MS (Multiple Sclerosis) in Tehran by using scientific methods. The main reason for this investigation is to discover scientific and relative laws about psychology and body activity and also how to improve the lives of M.S patients effectively.
Abstract: Recently, great and unprecedented changes in science and technology are emerging throughout the world. In the science world, physical activity and exercise are very important for curing psychological illness. This article investigates a vast domain of different youth who suffer from MS (Multiple Sclerosis) in Tehran by using scientific methods. The...
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Prevalence of Intestinal Protozoan Infestation among Primary School Children in Urban and Peri-Urban Communities in Kumasi, Ghana
Williams Walana,
Samuel Crowther Kofi Tay,
Philip Tetteh,
Juventus Benogle Ziem
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, March 2014
Pages:
52-57
Received:
27 December 2013
Published:
30 January 2014
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20140202.12
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Abstract: Introduction- Intestinal protozoan infections continue to remain a global public health challenge, particularly in developing countries. Children are greatly prone to these infections via the ingestion of food, water or soil contaminated with the infective stage of these parasites. Objectives- This study focused on establishing the prevalence of intestinal protozoan infection among primary school children aged 5 to 12 years from six communities in the Kumasi metropolis of Ghana. Methods- A total of 2400 children were randomly selected sampled. Stool samples collected from the children were analyzed using the formol-ether concentration technique. The modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique was employed in the identification of Cryptosporidium parvum. Results- The overall prevalence of intestinal protozoan identified among the studied school children was 42.9%. Prevalence was significantly higher in males than females with rates of 51.0% (604/1162) and 30.8% (381/1238) respectively. The highest protozoan infestation was Giardia lamblia with a prevalence of 16.8% (195/1162) and 7.8 % (97/1238) in males and females respectively. Three pathogenic strains (Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica/dispar and Cryptosporidium parvum) and four non-pathogenic species (Entamoeba coli, Endolimax nana, Chilomastix mesnili and Iodamoeba butschlii) were identified in the study. Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium parvum recorded prevalence rates of 12.2% and 8.5% respectively. Prevalence was however proportional to age with respect to Endolimax nana and Iodamoeba butschlii infections. Conclusion- There is relatively high prevalence of intestinal protozoan infection among the studied children. This obviously suggests that there are possible household, school based and behaviour oriented risk factors which predispose the children to these parasites.
Abstract: Introduction- Intestinal protozoan infections continue to remain a global public health challenge, particularly in developing countries. Children are greatly prone to these infections via the ingestion of food, water or soil contaminated with the infective stage of these parasites. Objectives- This study focused on establishing the prevalence of in...
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Epidemiological Patterns of Bacterial Meningitis in Niger from 2002 to 2010
Halima Boubacar Maïnassara,
Fati Sidikou,
Saacou Djibo,
Amadou Moussa Soussou,
Bassira Boubacar Issaka,
Ali Sidiki,
Jocelyne Rocourt
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, March 2014
Pages:
58-63
Received:
10 January 2014
Published:
20 February 2014
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20140202.13
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Abstract: Objective: To describe the epidemiology of bacterial meningitis in Niger from January 2002 to June 2010 Methods: A retrospective study of data from the laboratory surveillance of meningitis; cerebrospinal fluid samples from suspected clinical cases were collected and tested using polymerase chain reaction and/or bacteriology for the surveillance of bacterial meningitis in Niger. Data on patients was collected using a questionnaire. Results: The number of CSF samples received was 19,273. Over 80% of the patients were under the age of 15. The overall mean age was 9 years with a range of 0 to 93 years. The mean age was lower for H. influenzae (2.4 years, SD=4.8) than for N. meningitidis (9.4 years, SD=7.9), S. pneumoniae (11.5 years, SD=13.5) and for the other bacteria (7.9 years, SD=10.1). Males were significantly more affected than females (57.4% versus 42.6%, p < 0.0001). N. meningitidis, S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae were the three main etiological agents found in 42.4% of the total tested cases. The majority of confirmed cases of the three bacteria were caused by N. meningitidis (81.6%). Serogroup A caused 75% of meningococcal meningitis cases during the study period. The highest annual incidence of N. meningitidis cases occurred in March and April and was observed in 2008-2009 (15.9 cases per 100,000 inhabitants). The annual incidence rates were most often high in the southeast, near Nigeria. S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae incidence was higher in Niamey, with 275 and 145 cases, respectively, in this town during the study period. Conclusion: This study revealed the characteristics of the bacteria involved in meningitis, and particularly the serogroups of N. meningitidis circulating in Niger, as well as the age groups and areas affected, since 2002. The implementation of the PCR technique considerably improved microbiological surveillance and made it possible to extend its use to the whole country.
Abstract: Objective: To describe the epidemiology of bacterial meningitis in Niger from January 2002 to June 2010 Methods: A retrospective study of data from the laboratory surveillance of meningitis; cerebrospinal fluid samples from suspected clinical cases were collected and tested using polymerase chain reaction and/or bacteriology for the surveillance of...
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The C-Reactive Protein and Cardio-Ankle Vascular index of Mongolian and Japanese People
UURTUYA Shuumarjav,
KAZUHIKO Kotani,
NYAMDORJ Dagdanbazar,
NOBUYUKI Taniguchi
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, March 2014
Pages:
64-68
Received:
3 January 2014
Published:
20 February 2014
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20140202.14
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Abstract: Mongolian people suffer from atherosclerotic diseases more than Japanese people, while both people are thought to share similar genetic background under different lifestyles and environments. Comparative studies using novel atherosclerotic parameters of Mongolian and Japanese people may demonstrate the atherosclerotic features of both populations. We have recently reported the findings regarding atherosclerosis of both populations using circulating high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP: as low-grade inflammatory parameter) and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI: as arterial stiffness parameter), herein summarizing the data. Our studies revealed that in comparison to the Japanese subjects, the Mongolian subjects had higher levels of CRP and CAVI, in addition to a higher percentage of current smoking and higher levels of body mass index, heart rate and blood pressure and insulin, even though there were not so higher levels of serum total cholesterol and glucose. These results were confirmed in healthy young subjects and patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. These comparative studies used recent parameters suggest that Mongolian people may be at higher risk for cardiovascular disease than Japanese people. The management strategies of atherosclerotic diseases are also expected in the near future.
Abstract: Mongolian people suffer from atherosclerotic diseases more than Japanese people, while both people are thought to share similar genetic background under different lifestyles and environments. Comparative studies using novel atherosclerotic parameters of Mongolian and Japanese people may demonstrate the atherosclerotic features of both populations....
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Factors associated with Antiretroviral Treatment Adherence among Adult Patients in Wolaita Soddo Hospital, Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Amsalu Alagaw,
Wanzahun Godana,
Mohammed Taha,
Tariku Dejene
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, March 2014
Pages:
69-77
Received:
2 January 2014
Published:
28 February 2014
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20140202.15
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Abstract: Background: HIV a major challenge to the whole world since the last quarter of 20th century but has become a member of a manageable chronic disease since the advent of ARV drugs. The non-adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy is an emerging major challenge to AIDS care. Objective: To assess factors associated with adherence among AIDS patients receiving Antiretroviral Therapy at Wolaita Soddo Hospital, Southern Ethiopia. Method: A cross sectional study was carried out at Wolaita Soddo Hospital from April 15 to May 15, 2012 E.C. The collected data were entered in Epi Info version3.5.3. Data analyses were done using SPSS for windows version 16.0. Descriptive analysis was used to describe the data. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to measure the association between the dependent variable and independent variables calculating odds ratio and its 95% confidence interval (CI). Statistical significance was set at α. ≤ 0.05. Multivariable analyses were applied to identify the relative effect of explanatory variables on the dependent variable. Results: Three hundred and fifty seven HIV/ AIDS patients were involved in the study. Multi-method adherence assessment consisting of self-report, monthly dispense schedule and dietary requirements ,were used to measure adherence and the average adherence rate was 74.4%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, with whom a subject lives (AOR=4.943,1,(2.168-11.270)), depression(AOR=2.221,1,(1.093-4.515)), and having inadequate diet to take with ART (AOR=2.229,1,(1.034-4.807)), were independent predictors of dose adherence. Conclusions: In conclusion living with a partner, having no depression and having no food scarcity to take with ART have association with adherence to ART regimens.
Abstract: Background: HIV a major challenge to the whole world since the last quarter of 20th century but has become a member of a manageable chronic disease since the advent of ARV drugs. The non-adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy is an emerging major challenge to AIDS care. Objective: To assess factors associated with adherence among AIDS patients receivi...
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Knowledge, Attitude and Practices on HIV/AIDS among Students of Bahir Dar University
Wondemagegn Mulu,
Bayeh Abera,
Mulat Yimer
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, March 2014
Pages:
78-86
Received:
24 December 2013
Published:
28 February 2014
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20140202.16
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Abstract: Background: Students of higher education are more likely to be at risk of HIV/AIDS. Insufficient knowledge, less favorable attitudes and risky sexual practices are the major hindrances to prevent the spread of HIV. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess HIV related knowledge, attitude and practices (KAPs) of University students in Bahir Dar. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from January to March/ 2013. A structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic variables and KAPs of students. Mean score and percentage were used to determine the level of KAP. Bivariate analysis was used to compute P- value, odds ratio and Confidence interval. Multivariate analysis was done to correlate KAPs with sociodemographic variables. Authors guided self-administered data collection technique was used. Results: From 817 participants, 45.7% were knowledgeable towards HIV/AIDS. The majority (82.8%) had favorable attitude. Knowledgeable students had more favorable attitudes compared to not-knowledgeable students (87.6% vs 78.6%). Good practices towards HIV/AIDS were observed among 41.7% of respondents. The majority (80.5%) of participants were not confident to discuss about condom use by demonstration. Students who were Knowledgeable and had favorable attitude had a better preventive practices towards HIV/AIDS compared to students who are not-knowledgeable and those who had unfavorable attitudes respectively. Differences in level of education, sex and religion were among the sociodemographic variables that showed statistically significant association with the one or more of the outcome variables. Conclusion: The majority of participating University students were not knowledgeable, had favorable attitude and poor practices towards HIV/AIDS. The study highlighted misconceptions about preventive methods of HIV transmission and risky sexual practices which need to be addressed. Therefore, specified, focused, continued and strengthened education on HIV/AIDS-related issues to bring change in practices, along with knowledge and attitudes has to be given.
Abstract: Background: Students of higher education are more likely to be at risk of HIV/AIDS. Insufficient knowledge, less favorable attitudes and risky sexual practices are the major hindrances to prevent the spread of HIV. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess HIV related knowledge, attitude and practices (KAPs) of University students in Bahir Dar. ...
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Evaluation of the Epidemiological Situation B.canis Infections in Human and B.canis Seroprevalence in Diyarbakir, Turkey
Fulya BAYINDIR BİLMAN,
Sevil ERDENLİĞ GÜRBİLEK,
Mine TURHANOĞLU
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, March 2014
Pages:
87-91
Received:
21 January 2014
Published:
10 March 2014
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20140202.17
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Abstract: Brucella canis, which is an infectious agent of dogs, rarely causes disease in human, and displays asymptomatic or subclinical course. Carnivors are natural host for B.canis infection. Considering the limited number of studies investigating the seroprevalence of B.canis in the population in Turkey, a serologic study was planned to investigate of B.canis infection. For this reason, serum samples from the patients who were admitted to Diyarbakır Training and Research Hospital with various reasons other than complaints of an infectious disease were screened using B.canis antigen prepared in Microbiology Laboratory of Harran Univercity, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine to identify the prevalence of this infection in the Southeastern region of Turkey. The serological tests for brucellosis caused by smooth species, (B.abortus, B.suis and B.melitensis etc.) are based on the reaction of antibodies against smooth-lipopolysaccharide (S-LPS) on the bacterial cell wall. But B.canis has a rough-lipopolysaccharide (R-LPS) in its cell wall. Therefore detection of antibodies against R-LPS requires use of specific antigen in serological diagnosis of Brucella infection caused by rough Brucella strains. Unfortunately, a standardized slide agglutination test (SAT) antigen that would serologically detect B.canis and other rough Brucella strains is not commercially available. The present study aimed to investigate seropositivity rate in the patients via SAT using B.canis antigen prepared in laboratory. The study comprised 2100 serum samples obtained from patients (range of age: 16-75 years; 1340 females and 760 males), who presented to various policlinics of Diyarbakır Training and Research Hospital between 01 April 2013 and 31 June 2013. Serum samples were first examined serologically using Standard Rose Bengal test antigen (Refik Saydam Hygiene Institute, Turkey) for the infection with smooth Brucella species, and then negative serum samples were included in the study. Of the 2100 serum samples screened for B.canis using standard slide agglutination test, 33 (1.57%) gave positive result. Fourteen of these 33 patients were female and 17 were male. Seven (21%) of these subjects reported that they had dog in a period of their lives. Their personal history revealed no autoimmune, metabolic or immunosuppressive disease in the past. It is concluded that, B.canis should be considered in the case of fever and infection of unknown origin, particularly in those with the history of contact with dogs. It was also concluded that the development of standardized rapid screening tests is needed for routine serologic diagnosis of brucellosis caused by rough Brucella strains.
Abstract: Brucella canis, which is an infectious agent of dogs, rarely causes disease in human, and displays asymptomatic or subclinical course. Carnivors are natural host for B.canis infection. Considering the limited number of studies investigating the seroprevalence of B.canis in the population in Turkey, a serologic study was planned to investigate of B....
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Prevalence of Unintended Pregnancy and Associated Factors among Married Pregnant Women in Ganji Woreda, West Wollega Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Fetene T. Teshome,
Abebe Gebremariam Hailu,
Aaderajew Nigussie Teklehaymanot
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, March 2014
Pages:
92-101
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20140202.18
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Abstract: Background: Unintended pregnancy contributes to unacceptably high maternal mortality rates throughout the world and can have far-reaching health, social and economic consequences. In Ethiopia, around one third of all married women feel their pregnancy unintended. Objective: To identify prevalence of unintended pregnancies and associated factors among married pregnant women in Ganji woreda west Wollega zone in year 2013. Method: A community based cross-sectional study design was employed both quantitative and qualitative method. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS software version 20. Frequencies, binary and logistic regression were used to describe and analyze study variables. Qualitative data collected by in-depth interview method. Analyzed thematically and triangulated with the quantitative findings. Result: Out of 623 subjects, 616 responded. The response rate was 98.8%. 225(36.5%) reported unintended pregnancy. Mothers whose husbands disagree to limit family size were 2.26 times more likely to experience unintended pregnancy (OR 2.26: 95% CI, 1.23-4.14). Ever physically violated mothers by their intimate partner were 1.78 times more likely to experience unintended pregnancy compared to no violate (OR 1.78: 95% CI, 1.18-2.70). Low level knowledgeable was 3.76 times more likely to experiencing unintended pregnancy than higher level knowledgeable (OR 3.76: 95% CI, 2.37-5.96). Conclusion: According to this study age of respondents, age at marriage, total birth, ideal number of children, ever-physical violence, husband’s disagreement to limit family size, family planning health worker visit and knowledge level of respondents were significantly contributing to unintended pregnancy.
Abstract: Background: Unintended pregnancy contributes to unacceptably high maternal mortality rates throughout the world and can have far-reaching health, social and economic consequences. In Ethiopia, around one third of all married women feel their pregnancy unintended. Objective: To identify prevalence of unintended pregnancies and associated factors amo...
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Assessment of Substance Use and Risky Sexual Behaviour among Haramaya University Students, Ethiopia
Andualem Derese,
Assefa Seme,
Chalachew Misganaw
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, March 2014
Pages:
102-110
Received:
4 February 2014
Published:
10 March 2014
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20140202.19
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Abstract: Background: Substance abuse and problems arising from it are increasing all over the world, and currently together with HIV/AIDS epidemic, become one of the most threatening and challenging social and public health problems. University students are more vulnerable to wider sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and HIVAIDS problems due to new environment with poor protection, age and the need to explore life, peer pressure and absence of proactive programs. Objectives: This study assessed the prevalence of substance use and its association with risky sexual behavior among Haramaya University students. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 764 randomly selected Haramaya University undergraduate students from December 2010 to January 2011 using self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the study population and cross-tabulation was done to see the association between dependent and independent variables. Logistic regressions with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to determine independent predictors of risky sexual behavior. Result: Among 725 participants, 390 (53.8%) reported having used at least one substance in their lifetime. The most commonly used substance was alcohol (41.7%) followed by khat (30.3%), cigarette (11.3%) and illicit drugs (3.9%). Out of the total respondents, 243 (33.5%) of students had sexual experience. Among sexually active, 28(11.5%) had multiple sexual partners in the last three months and 29(16.3%) of males have sex with commercial sex workers. One hundred forty nine (61.6%) of sexually active students used condoms last time when they had sex. This figure decreases to 55.7% when we come to consistent condom users. Use of Khat, Alcohol and Cigarette was significantly and independently associated with risky sexual activities with AOR (95% CI) of 2.58 (1.58, 4.22), 2.46 (1.52, 3.98) and 2.22 (1.19, 4.14) respectively. Conclusion and Recommendations: The prevalence of substance use among Haramaya university students was high .Use of Khat, Alcohol and Cigarette was significantly associated with risky sexual activities. Awareness creation activity on importance of safer sex and consequences of substance together with taking the necessary disciplinary measure for those who break the rule and regulation set by the university is highly advisable.
Abstract: Background: Substance abuse and problems arising from it are increasing all over the world, and currently together with HIV/AIDS epidemic, become one of the most threatening and challenging social and public health problems. University students are more vulnerable to wider sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and HIVAIDS problems due to new environ...
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Household Decision Making Status of Women in Dabat District, North West Ethiopia, 2009 Gc
Alemtsehay Mekonnen,
Kerebih Asrese
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, March 2014
Pages:
111-118
Received:
29 January 2014
Published:
20 March 2014
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20140202.20
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Abstract: Background: Though gender inequality is often cite as a barrier to improving maternal overall condition in developing countries, little attention has been given in understanding how a woman's position within their household may affect the living situation of them. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess household decision making status of women in Dabat destrict. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in April 2009 in Dabat, North West Ethiopia .The study was conducted in Dabat Rural Health Project (DRHP). A total of 948 currently married women were include in the study. Semi-structured questionnaire & focused group discussions (FGDs) were used to collect the data. It was entered in EPINFO version 2000 and analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 15.0. Result: With 100% response rate, 15.5% women involved in all areas of decision, and 5.9% were in any of it. Women education, annual household income and residence were also main determinants for women’s position in household decision. Conclusion and Recommendation: Women’s positions in the household were low in Dabat compared to EDHS 2005. Hence, empowering women through education and designing income generating activities may be helpful for improving women’s household position.
Abstract: Background: Though gender inequality is often cite as a barrier to improving maternal overall condition in developing countries, little attention has been given in understanding how a woman's position within their household may affect the living situation of them. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess household decision making status of w...
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Sanitation and Hygiene Practices in Relation to Childhood Diarrhoea Prevalence: The Case of Households with Children under-Five Years in Ghana
Leslie Danquah,
Esi Awuah,
Charlotte Monica Mensah,
Seth Agyemang
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, March 2014
Pages:
119-125
Received:
3 February 2014
Published:
20 March 2014
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20140202.21
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Abstract: Research evidence indicates that the household environment has significant implications for the health of the members of the household. The objective of this study was to assess selected sanitation and hygiene practices in relation to the prevalence of childhood diarrhoea in households with children under-five years from the Ghanaian setting. A systematic random sampling approach was used to select 378 households from two communities each in the urban and peri-urban areas of the Atwima Nwabiagya District of Ghana respectively. Structured questionnaires and observation schedules were used to collect quantitative data from mothers and analyzed using chi-square and odds ratios (OR). The study showed that private latrine possession was low (10%) and sanitation facilities used by households were largely unimproved (90%). Children who lived in households which had water closets (WCs) in their dwellings recorded the lowest diarrhoea prevalence rate (11.1%) whereas the highest rate was recorded in households where the WCs were located outside the dwelling. Childhood diarrhoea was most prevalent (36%) for children whose mothers reported that they did not wash their hands with water and soap after defecation. It is proposed that adequate sanitation and hygiene education be given to mothers of children under-five years in the district and further research carried into socio-demographic and behavioral determinants of childhood diarrhoea.
Abstract: Research evidence indicates that the household environment has significant implications for the health of the members of the household. The objective of this study was to assess selected sanitation and hygiene practices in relation to the prevalence of childhood diarrhoea in households with children under-five years from the Ghanaian setting. A sys...
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Patient Counselling at Dispensing of Medicines in Health Care Facility Outpatient Pharmacies of Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, March 2014
Pages:
126-134
Received:
11 February 2014
Published:
30 March 2014
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20140202.22
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Abstract: Background: Patient medication counseling on dispensing of medicines should give the patient clear and complete instructions on how to take or use drugs. The way drugs are taken by the patient is often influenced by the way drugs are dispensed and the type of information given during dispensing. The objective of this study was to assess and compare patient medication counseling in health care facility outpatient pharmacies of Bahir Dar city. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from August 5 to 20, 2013 at selected health care facilities in Bahir Dar city. Simple random sampling technique was used to select health facilities. A total of 400 patient-dispenser interactions were selected using systematic random sampling technique from a randomly selected health care facility outpatient pharmacy. The data collection tool was adapted from WHO structure observation form and was modified according to the objectives of the study. Data were collected by non participatory observation of dispensing encounters using checklist. Data was coded, entered into EPI Info (version 3.5.2) and analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was computed to test the strength of association and level of significance. Finally, P-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: A total of 400 dispensing encounters were observed and the overall percentage of satisfactory counseling was 32.8%. The highest percentage of satisfactory counseling score was found in Bahir Dar health center (64.9%) and Adinas higher clinic (46.8%). The most frequent drug information given to patients at the time of counseling were unit dose (99.2%), frequency of administration (96%) and duration of therapy (74%). Differences in dispenser work experiences (AOR = 2.99, CI: 1.67 – 5.37), patient load (AOR = 2.87, CI: 1.83-3.69), average consultation time (AOR=3.42, CI: 1.64-7.13), level of health facility (AOR = 4.31, CI 1.94 – 9.59) and type of health facilities (AOR = 4.29, CI 1.72 – 10.66) were found to be associated factors for satisfactory counseling score. Conclusion: The process of medication counseling at dispensing encounters in health care facilities of Bahir Dar City is not satisfactory. Dispenser work experiences, patient load at dispensary, average consultation time, level of health facility and type of health facilities were found to be significant factors for satisfactory counseling score. Therefore, attention should be given to strong skill development, increasing manpower and implementation of regular monitoring for the application of dispensing ethics to improve patient medication counseling at dispensing encounters.
Abstract: Background: Patient medication counseling on dispensing of medicines should give the patient clear and complete instructions on how to take or use drugs. The way drugs are taken by the patient is often influenced by the way drugs are dispensed and the type of information given during dispensing. The objective of this study was to assess and compare...
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Epidemiology of Metabolic Syndrome among Adult Nigerians in a Rural Hospital in Eastern Nigeria
Gabriel Uche Pascal Iloh,
Godwin Oguejiofor Chukwuebuka Okafor,
Agwu NkwaAmadi
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, March 2014
Pages:
135-143
Received:
20 March 2014
Accepted:
8 April 2014
Published:
10 April 2014
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20140202.23
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Abstract: Background: Biological and socio-behavioural variations exist in the epidemiology of metabolic syndrome (MetS). As the case detection of MetS increases in Nigeria describing its prevalence and risk factors remain relevant for proactive control interventions. Aim: This study was designed to describe the epidemiology of MetS among adult Nigerians in a rural hospital in Eastern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out on 365 adult patients who were screened for MetS using International Diabetes Federation(IDF) criteria: An Individual was considered to have MetS in the presence of WC ≥94 cm for men and ≥80 cm for women plus any two or more of the following: systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥130/85 mmHg and/or hypertension on treatment; fasting blood glucose ≥ 100mg/dL and/or diabetes mellitus on treatment; triglyceride level ≥150 mg/dL and/or hypertriglyceridaemia on treatment and high density lipoprotein(HDL-C) cholesterol <40mg/dL for men or <50 mg/dL for women and/or HDL-C dyslipidaemia on treatment. The data collected included basic demographic variables, metabolic and nutri-behavioural risk factors. Results: The prevalence of MetS was 34.0%. MetS was significantly associated with old age(p=0.029), female sex(p=0.016) and physical inactivity(p=0.002). The most significant predictor of MetS was physical inactivity.(p=0.014, OR=4.58(1.52-9.63). The patients with MetS were four and half times more likely to be physically inactive compared to their non-MetS counterparts. Conclusion: This study has shown that MetS exist among the study population. The risk factors significantly associated with MetS were old age, female sex and physical inactivity. The most significant predictor variable was physical inactivity. Early primary and secondary prevention interventions should be a compelling health priority in the study area.
Abstract: Background: Biological and socio-behavioural variations exist in the epidemiology of metabolic syndrome (MetS). As the case detection of MetS increases in Nigeria describing its prevalence and risk factors remain relevant for proactive control interventions. Aim: This study was designed to describe the epidemiology of MetS among adult Nigerians in ...
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