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The Crossword Puzzle Method
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2014
Pages:
87-90
Received:
15 August 2014
Accepted:
8 September 2014
Published:
20 September 2014
Abstract: This article describes a method of thought which I call multidimensional and multidisciplinary crossword puzzle. Next an example of said method, as practiced by the author, is expounded. It is a Cosmology, a structural scheme of what lies behind the matter.
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Assessment of Sexual Violence and Associated Factors among High School Students in Harari Regional State, Harar Town, Eastern Ethiopia
Jote Markos Cafo,
Agumassie Semahegn Demisie,
Balcha Berhanu Abera
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2014
Pages:
91-97
Received:
19 August 2014
Accepted:
2 September 2014
Published:
30 September 2014
Abstract: Background: Sexual violence is any sexual act that is perpetrated against someone's willingness including a completed and or attempt nonconsensual, abusive sex act. This study aimed to determine sexual violence and associated factors among high school students in Harar town, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among youth in high school students. Self administered questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data from randomly selected 432 students and four focus group discussions were held with students by using interview guide semi-structured questionnaire to collect qualitative data. Data were entered to SPSS version 16.0 was used to analyze. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were computed to quantify sexual violence and associated factors. Statistical association was measured 95% confidence interval and adjusted odd ratio. Results: Sexual violence among in school adolescents were 25%. Students used addictive drugs like alcohol (18%), chat and shish (7.2%) as very important contributing factors for sexual violence’s. Use of physical force (15%), false promise (43%) and use of power (7.2%) reported contributing factors. Females dressing style, their act, peer pressure, revenge and males emotionality identified as contributing factors for sexual violence. Sexual violence had different consequences like abortion (32.2%), vaginal discharge (28.6%), genital trauma (25%), and unwanted pregnancy (14.2%). Conclusion: Sexual violence was common problem of in-school adolescents in Harar town. Female students’ behavior also contributed for their sexual violence. Sexual and reproductive health issue information should be provided to create awareness about reproductive rights and life skill.
Abstract: Background: Sexual violence is any sexual act that is perpetrated against someone's willingness including a completed and or attempt nonconsensual, abusive sex act. This study aimed to determine sexual violence and associated factors among high school students in Harar town, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study was c...
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Coping with COPE
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2014
Pages:
98-99
Received:
25 August 2014
Accepted:
13 September 2014
Published:
30 September 2014
Abstract: This paper identifies and describes a publication attitude which is uprising to some of the COPE best practice guidelines. An overview of COPE was made, one attitude considered as academic misbehaviour by the COPE best practice guidelines was singled out and discussed. Marketing communication strategies were used to establish clear visualizations of the concept of republication to be coping efforts of authors against the confinement of COPE best practice guideline.
Abstract: This paper identifies and describes a publication attitude which is uprising to some of the COPE best practice guidelines. An overview of COPE was made, one attitude considered as academic misbehaviour by the COPE best practice guidelines was singled out and discussed. Marketing communication strategies were used to establish clear visualizations o...
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Design of Small Dual Band Microstrip Antenna for Broadband Applications
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2014
Pages:
100-104
Received:
10 September 2014
Accepted:
27 September 2014
Published:
10 October 2014
Abstract: In this article, a small dual band rectangular slot antenna for broadband application is presented. The antenna is being excited by capacitive coupled probe feed. The antenna consists of rectangular slot from the center of the patch. The rectangular slot is being used to obtain dual frequencies of 2GHz and 3.34GHz. Instead of a rectangular feed strip; antenna is excited by a triangular feed strip with same dimension. Triangular feed strip is used to obtain a broad band dual frequency range. The gain of the antenna obtained at particular frequency range is above 5dB so the antenna works well in the particular frequency. Along with Triangular feed slot is also being added in the patch. The size of the antenna is 100×100×1.6mm3with the ground of same dimension. The proposed antenna is simulated and optimized using IE3D simulation software.
Abstract: In this article, a small dual band rectangular slot antenna for broadband application is presented. The antenna is being excited by capacitive coupled probe feed. The antenna consists of rectangular slot from the center of the patch. The rectangular slot is being used to obtain dual frequencies of 2GHz and 3.34GHz. Instead of a rectangular feed str...
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One Universe, Endless Cycles
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2014
Pages:
105-110
Received:
13 September 2014
Accepted:
29 September 2014
Published:
20 October 2014
Abstract: The finding of cosmic cold spots now reveal real possibilities of existing other universe. Many researchers are now aware of our universe might be the one of billions-perhaps an infinite number of universes①. However, the introduction of concept of multiverse creates confusion, because it alters the definition of universe established in scientific world.. In this paper, a possible cause is discussed in physics. The theories of multiverse indirectly recognize possibilities of multiple big bangs’ existence, where each big bang generates its respective family of galaxies and occupies it’s associated space. Based on recent telescope observation, our universe is cooling down while its expanding is sped up ② The energy in the universe is constant, when the background temperature drops, the heat energy transforms into a different form of energy that is momentum which fueling passing galaxy with kinetic energy③. In this paper, author will clarify some of paradox phenomenon that puzzles physics theorists who follow classic physics law. The introduction of new physics law-e.g. quantum law is neither necessary nor supported. The big bang explosion is triggered by a certain level (quantifiable) of mass/energy. It cannot require an infinite level of mass/energy. To explain it in a more organized way without defying universe definition, A new terminology – “Zolaxy” must be introduced for each part of the universal system, ③which is created by a single mother blast.
Abstract: The finding of cosmic cold spots now reveal real possibilities of existing other universe. Many researchers are now aware of our universe might be the one of billions-perhaps an infinite number of universes①. However, the introduction of concept of multiverse creates confusion, because it alters the definition of universe established in scientific ...
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Biometric Analysis of Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) from Baba Formation (Late Oligocene) in Bai-Hassan Well-25, Kirkuk Area, Northeast Iraq
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2014
Pages:
111-118
Received:
25 September 2014
Accepted:
7 October 2014
Published:
20 October 2014
Abstract: The investigation is based on a subsurface sequences of bioclastic limestone in Kirkuk area, Northeastern Iraq. These sequences were deposited in a shallow open marine environment during Late Oligocene. Tests of larger foraminifera Lepidocyclina(Nephrolepidina) are abundant in the lower and upper parts of the Baba Formation. Biometric investigations of the Megalospheric forms of Nephrolepidina assemblages from, Bai-Hassan well- 25 section led to recognize three morphometrically defined species by the combination of three parameters, 1- the degree of embracement of the protoconch by the deuteroconch (Factor A), 2- the numbers of accessory auxiliary chambers on the deuteroconch (Factor B), and 3- (Factor C ) which expressed by the protoconch angle( ) formed by the two hypothetical line from the center of protoconch throught the outer attachment points of the deuteroconch walls with protoconch.
Abstract: The investigation is based on a subsurface sequences of bioclastic limestone in Kirkuk area, Northeastern Iraq. These sequences were deposited in a shallow open marine environment during Late Oligocene. Tests of larger foraminifera Lepidocyclina(Nephrolepidina) are abundant in the lower and upper parts of the Baba Formation. Biometric investigation...
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Comparative Investigation of Border Disease Virus Infection in Sheep Flocks with Abortion Problems in Konya Province
Oguzhan Avci,
Sibel Yavru
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2014
Pages:
119-124
Received:
30 September 2014
Accepted:
15 October 2014
Published:
30 October 2014
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to determine the serological and virological status of animals persistently infected (PI) with border disease virus (BDV), with focus on the prevalence of pestiviruses in sheep and lambs. This study is the first to our knowledge, to investigate the role of viral infections in abortions in the sheep population of Konya province. The prevalence of antibodies against BDV was as follows: sheep, 79%; lambs, 43.4%; and rams, 6%. Of 1000 leukocyte (sheep) samples examined with a direct ELISA, 11 (1.1%) (first sampling) were antibody-positive. Three sheep were determined to be PI and were sacrificed. Of 1011 sheep leukocyte samples, 14 were examined using a direct immunoperoxidase (IP) assay for BDV antigen, and 11 of 327 (3.36%) tissue samples were positive. The BDV genome was detected in 14 of 63 (22.2%) sheep leukocyte samples and 11 of 327 (3.36%) tissue samples by one-step RT-PCR. The BDV genome could not be detected in any vaginal swab samples. The sensitivity and specificity rates between direct ELISA and direct IP were respectively 100% and 98.8% and the values were, respectively, 78.57% and 98.6% between direct ELISA and one-step RT-PCR and 100% and 97.5% between one-step RT-PCR and direct IP. In conclusion it was determinate that BDV has an important role as an etiologic agent in abortion causes in sheep population in Konya.
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to determine the serological and virological status of animals persistently infected (PI) with border disease virus (BDV), with focus on the prevalence of pestiviruses in sheep and lambs. This study is the first to our knowledge, to investigate the role of viral infections in abortions in the sheep population of Kon...
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Effect of an Ionic Liquid [Bmim][Tf2N] on the Rate of Reaction in the Synthesis of some Azole Compounds as Antifungal Agents
Soghra Khabnadideh,
Jason B. Harper
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2014
Pages:
125-131
Received:
27 September 2014
Accepted:
16 October 2014
Published:
30 October 2014
Abstract: 3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-iumbis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide [Bmim][Tf2N] as an environmental-friendly solvent was added to the reaction media for synthesis of some new azole compounds as antifungal agents. The effect of [Bmim][Tf2N] on the rate of reactions was studied using NMR analysis. The results show remarkable increasing in the progress of the reactions. As in recent years the developments of resistance to currently available antifungal azoles in Candida spp., as well as clinical failures in the treatment of fungal infections have been reported therefore intense efforts in antifungal drug discovery are still needed to develop more promising and effective antifungal agents for use in the clinical arena. We present a synthetic route for producing antifungal that is improved by using an ionic liquid.
Abstract: 3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-iumbis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide [Bmim][Tf2N] as an environmental-friendly solvent was added to the reaction media for synthesis of some new azole compounds as antifungal agents. The effect of [Bmim][Tf2N] on the rate of reactions was studied using NMR analysis. The results show remarkable increasing in the prog...
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The Braking Effect
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2014
Pages:
132-134
Received:
6 October 2014
Accepted:
6 November 2014
Published:
20 November 2014
Abstract: Einstein, in the equations of the General Relativity, departs from three premises: 1/ Equivalence between inertia, gravity and mass. 2/ Distortion of the space for the mass, and equivalence between mass and spatial distortion. 3/ Equivalence between gravity and uniformly accelerated motion. From this viewpoint conceptual and pre-relativist is where I have something to add. I try to postulate the braking effect as equivalent to gravity. Then results it make more understandable the gravity, the inertia, the uniformly accelerated motion and also the mass. In the present moment, at the end of the article, I add some considerations on mass, dark energy and dark matter specially. And on the pure field.
Abstract: Einstein, in the equations of the General Relativity, departs from three premises: 1/ Equivalence between inertia, gravity and mass. 2/ Distortion of the space for the mass, and equivalence between mass and spatial distortion. 3/ Equivalence between gravity and uniformly accelerated motion. From this viewpoint conceptual and pre-relativist is where...
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Differences between the Actual Scene Model and the Image Model for Computation of Visual Depth Information of Early Vision
Zhao Songnian,
Yu Yunxin,
Zhao Yuping,
Jin Xi,
Cheng Wenjun
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2014
Pages:
135-149
Received:
1 November 2014
Accepted:
11 November 2014
Published:
20 November 2014
Abstract: In this paper, we introduced two viewing modes, "Scene Mode" and "Picture Mode", for early visual depth perception depending on the dimensions of the object being viewed. The essential difference between these two modes of visual depth perception is still unclear. We discuss the basic methods of introducing a three-dimensional Cartesian system into a plane to express the depth information of an image, estimate the loss of depth information caused by this approach, and provide an analysis of the important role of providing depth information based on size constancy and vanishing point in the two viewing modes. We studied the problem of how the retina and visual cortex separate the plenoptic (all-optical) function, which is the input representation of vision, by neural computing in scene mode. We also studied the problem of how to extract information about the position and angle of light beams in the light field, and then determined the output representation of the visual depth perception. In the absence of any stereoscopic cues, such as texture, gradient, shade, shadow, color, occlusion, and binocular disparity, we compare the main differences of visual depth perception between scene mode and picture mode using a cube being viewed and its line drawing, which respectively represent the two modes.
Abstract: In this paper, we introduced two viewing modes, "Scene Mode" and "Picture Mode", for early visual depth perception depending on the dimensions of the object being viewed. The essential difference between these two modes of visual depth perception is still unclear. We discuss the basic methods of introducing a three-dimensional Cartesian system into...
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