Research Article
Lithostratigraphy and Petrography of Mesozoic Sedimentary Rocks of Lemi Area, North Shewa, Central Ethiopia
Ajebush Wuletaw*
,
Bishaw Mihret
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 4, August 2024
Pages:
116-126
Received:
4 May 2024
Accepted:
20 May 2024
Published:
4 July 2024
DOI:
10.11648/j.earth.20241304.11
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Abstract: The Mesozoic sedimentary basins in Ethiopia, particularly the Central Ethiopia, and Blue Nile Basin within the central main Ethiopian rift region are characterized by a diverse range of volcano-sedimentary rocks dominated by sedimentary sequences. The lithostratigraphy and petrology of Mesozoic sedimentary rocks of Lemi area, North Shewa, in Central Ethiopia within the Blue Nile basin, is described based on detailed field observations, lithostratigraphic analysis, petrographic examinations. The lithological units identified during fieldwork include Mudstone, Sandstone, and Basaltic rock formations. The sandstone unit in the study covers an estimated average thickness is 237 meters with intercalations of thinly bedded mudstone. The average thickness of each sandstone units (coarse (23 meters), medium (90 meters) and fine-grained (115 meters) sandstone unit) are varying from place to place within the study area. The stratigraphic section logs in four each block (Geza Washa, Dalota, Ruka, and Gosh Wiha) shows coarsening upward indicating the depositional environment transition from deep marine to the fluvial environment. The results of the study reveal the geological history and paleoenvironmental conditions of the Mesozoic sedimentary rocks in the Lemi area. This study contributes to our understanding of the geological processes that have influenced the formation of the Lemi area and provides valuable interpretations of regional geology.
Abstract: The Mesozoic sedimentary basins in Ethiopia, particularly the Central Ethiopia, and Blue Nile Basin within the central main Ethiopian rift region are characterized by a diverse range of volcano-sedimentary rocks dominated by sedimentary sequences. The lithostratigraphy and petrology of Mesozoic sedimentary rocks of Lemi area, North Shewa, in Centra...
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Review Article
A Review of Integration Techniques of Multi-Geoscience Data-Sets in Mineral Prospectivity Mapping
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 4, August 2024
Pages:
127-140
Received:
4 June 2024
Accepted:
25 June 2024
Published:
9 July 2024
DOI:
10.11648/j.earth.20241304.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: In every sphere and utility aspects of human life, there is need of metals and construction materials. Minerals which are below the near subsurface is almost explored on the basis of direct geospatial evidences. There is high demand of metals and other materials which are mined below the surface of earth In the current landscape, there's a demand for faster and more precise exploration strategies, particularly emphasizing Greenfield exploration and deep-seated mineralization. This paper conducts a comprehensive review of existing methodologies for integrating multi-geoscience datasets aimed at mineral prognostication, with a focus on identifying the most precise and authentic Artificial Intelligence (AI) - based data integration techniques. Additionally, it offers insights into the current status of mineral exploration in India and the global evolution of data integration practices. Several types of geoscientific datasets i.e. geological, geophysical, geochemical and geospectral data have to be organized in geospatial domain for meaningful mineral exploration outcome. These datasets have been processed to extract exploratory indicator layers for data integration are called Mineral Prospectivity Mapping (MPM). Indeed, MPM is a multiple criterion decision making (MCDM) task which provide a predictive model for categorizing of sought areas in terms of ore mineralization. There after based upon Geological factors i.e. lithology, structure, shear & fault zones, alteration zones etc. of sought mineralized area, selection of drilling parameters (depth, angle, level, type, rpm, feed) is done for resource assessment. Literature survey suggests that minerals exploration by integrated approach on the basis of these datasets is still poorly performed. It has been gathered that knowledge-driven data integration using Fuzzy Gamma Operator and Multiclass Index Overlay method is best suited for mineral exploration. In past, few researchers of other countries have exploited data integration approach with encouraging results. Despite the abundance of data available in India, this approach has not been utilized very successfully and no standard protocols exist even for decision making for drilling operation. Thus, it's evident that employing the Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) algorithm, particularly utilizing the Fuzzy Gamma Operator and Multiclass Index Overlay integration method, remains underutilized in designing standardized operating procedures (SOP) for mineral exploration in India and decision-making for drilling operations. This approach holds promise for minimizing time lag and optimizing resources such as manpower, instruments, and finances.
Abstract: In every sphere and utility aspects of human life, there is need of metals and construction materials. Minerals which are below the near subsurface is almost explored on the basis of direct geospatial evidences. There is high demand of metals and other materials which are mined below the surface of earth In the current landscape, there's a demand f...
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