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Phenotypic Profile of Isolated Strains of Environmental Mycobacteria in the Buruli Ulcer Endemic Zones in Cote d`Ivoire (2015)
Vakou N. Sabine,
Coulibaly Kalpy J.,
Aka N’guett,
Kakou Ngazoa E. Solange,
Coulibaly N’golo D.,
Djaman Allico,
Dosso Mireille
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
28-33
Received:
20 August 2016
Accepted:
2 November 2016
Published:
30 November 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.fem.20160206.11
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Abstract: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are microorganisms of the genus Mycobacterium. They are widely present in the environment (soil, water, sediment, aquatic plants ....). They are responsible for many infections as reported by several authors. The purpose of this study is to isolate and identify mycobacteria in the water and sediments found in hyperendemic areas and hypoendemic of Buruli ulcer. A total of 473 samples were obtained. As follows, 251 samples from water and 222 from sediment distributed according to sampling sites. The sample decontamination was performed with Cetylpiridium Chloride (CPC), followed by neutralization with phosphate buffer. A total of 8 species (12.3%) were identified in our study. 50.77% of species identified were found in hyper endemic zones against, 49.23% of species at the hypo-endemic zones. Species like M. peregrinum, like M. smegmatis, like M. peregrinum, M. immunogenicum, M. chelonae, M. mucogenicum, M. abscessus, M. sp. were isolated in this study. The species M, peregrinum (13.84%) was the most common in all sites, except in the sites of Bodo and Bouaké. This study reveals the presence of fast growing mycobacteria such as M. peregrinum in water and in sediment in Côte d`Ivoire, which represents the potential risk of contamination in humans especially in people who are in permanent contact with water.
Abstract: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are microorganisms of the genus Mycobacterium. They are widely present in the environment (soil, water, sediment, aquatic plants ....). They are responsible for many infections as reported by several authors. The purpose of this study is to isolate and identify mycobacteria in the water and sediments found in hype...
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Bioremediation Potentials of Hydrocarbonoclastic Bacteria Isolated from Petroleum Refinery Effluent
Enimie Endurance Oaikhena,
Dominic Bawa Makaije,
Samuel Denwe,
Muhammad Muktar Namadi,
Omolola Elizabeth Fatanmi
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
34-37
Received:
8 February 2016
Accepted:
17 May 2016
Published:
9 December 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.fem.20160206.12
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Abstract: Petroleum effluent is discharged into River Rido and this poses a threat to the communities that utilize the water downstream of River Rido, the ultimate recipient of the effluent. A total of five hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria were isolated from the petroleum refinery effluent. The isolates were inoculated separately into mineral salt medium supplemented with 1% crude oil to determine their growth rate in a hydrocarbon substrate. All five bacterial isolates manifested no lag phase of growth. Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serretia marcescens and Streptomyces sp. exhibited exponential, stationary and death phases of growth while Pseudomonas aeruginosa had only exponential and stationary phases of growth on the 16th day of incubation. Mixed culture consortium of all five bacteria isolates had the highest bioremediation potential of 68% as against the single inoculations of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris and Streptomyces spp. which had 66.4%, 62.4%, 59.7%, 52% and 57% respectively. Hence, the isolated bacteria can be used for bioremediation of petroleum effluent.
Abstract: Petroleum effluent is discharged into River Rido and this poses a threat to the communities that utilize the water downstream of River Rido, the ultimate recipient of the effluent. A total of five hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria were isolated from the petroleum refinery effluent. The isolates were inoculated separately into mineral salt medium supplem...
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Hydrocarbon Degradation Potentials of Fungi Associated with Oil-Contaminated Soil from Selected Mechanic Workshops in Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
Edna Ifeoma Chukwura,
Nwando Miriam. Ojiegbu,
Amechi Sampson Nwankwegu
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
38-44
Received:
29 October 2016
Accepted:
21 November 2016
Published:
20 December 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.fem.20160206.13
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Abstract: Biodegradation potentials of soil mycobiota isolated from five automobile mechanic workshops and a farmland in Awka town on engine oil were investigated using standard methods. The place has variable climatic condition with peak of annual rainfall in August and temperature range of 32 - 42°C. Heterotrophic fungal counts from the soil samples in colony forming unit per gram (cfu/g) ranged from 2.0 x 103 to 3.0 x 103. Hydrocarbon utilizing fungal counts ranged from 0.7 x 103cfu/g to 1.2 x 103cfu/g. The statistical analysis of the mean values using analysis of variance showed that, there was no significant difference at P < 0.05. Fungal isolates identified as engine oil degraders using cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics include; Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, Penicillium xingjiangense, Mucor racemosus, and Rhodotorula sp. Biodegradation ability of the selected fungi on engine oil was studied in a shake- flask culture and the residual hydrocarbon content was measured. The culture fluid for the biodegradation assay was Bacto Bushnell-Haas broth with 10% (V/v) engine oil and 0.1% (V/v) Tween 80. Incubation was at 25°C for 28 days on an incubator-shaker. The results showed decrease in the pH values and hydrocarbon content. Mixed culture had higher percentage hydrocarbon reduction (83.4%) than the axenic cultures: Aspergillus niger (79.3%); Penicillium xingjiangense (73.7%); Aspergillus fumigatus (71.7%) and Mucor racemosus (69.1%). They were subjected to gas chromatography on specific polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons biodegradation. It was observed that Aspergillus niger and Penicillium xingjiangense were more effective in PAHs reduction when compared with the control sample. Hence, further studies need to be done to confirm that Aspergillus niger and Penicillium xingjiangense can be used for bioremediation of engine oil contaminated soil.
Abstract: Biodegradation potentials of soil mycobiota isolated from five automobile mechanic workshops and a farmland in Awka town on engine oil were investigated using standard methods. The place has variable climatic condition with peak of annual rainfall in August and temperature range of 32 - 42°C. Heterotrophic fungal counts from the soil samples in col...
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Eco Friendly Recovery of Silver from Used X-ray Films by Alkaline Protease of Bacillus Cereus Strain S8
Lakshmi B. K. M.,
Hemalatha K. P. J.
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, December 2016
Pages:
45-48
Received:
13 October 2016
Accepted:
31 October 2016
Published:
29 December 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.fem.20160206.14
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Abstract: Silver is a precious metal used in photographic/X-ray film industry. The waste X-ray films contain 1.5-2%(w/w) black metallic silver which is recovered and reused. Around 18-20%of the world's silver needs are supplied by recycling photographic waste. Since silver is linked to gelatin in the emulsion layer, it is possible to break the same and release the silver using proteolytic enzymes. In the present work an environmentally friendly recycling system to peel away the base coat from the X-ray film by using an proteolytic enzyme was developed. Alkaline protease from Bacillus cereus strain S8(MTCC NO: 11901) was studied for silver recovery from used X-ray films. Enzyme extract was obtained by using the medium supplemented with Molasses,1%(w/v); Potassium nitrate, 0.75%(w/v); salt solution- 5%(v/v) {MgSO4.7H2O, 0.5%(w/v); KH2PO4,0.5%(w/v)}; FeSO4.7H2O, 0.01%(w/v) and CaCO3, 0.5% respectively which has optimum activity at pH 10.0 and 75°C. The silver having purity of 98.6% was recovered by smelting the obtained slurry in the presence of borax. The metal impurities (Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Sn) in the recovered silver were determined using the ICP-MS method.
Abstract: Silver is a precious metal used in photographic/X-ray film industry. The waste X-ray films contain 1.5-2%(w/w) black metallic silver which is recovered and reused. Around 18-20%of the world's silver needs are supplied by recycling photographic waste. Since silver is linked to gelatin in the emulsion layer, it is possible to break the same and relea...
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