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Prevalence of Pathogenic Bacteria in Finfish and Shellfish Obtained from Domestic Markets of West Bengal, India
Chandraval Dutta,
Ashis Kumar Panigrahi,
Chandan Sengupta
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 2, October 2015
Pages:
14-18
Received:
29 July 2015
Accepted:
10 August 2015
Published:
19 August 2015
Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the microbiological quality and prevalence of pathogenic bacteria viz. Vibrio cholerae, E. coli, Salmonella spp. in fish and shellfish from domestic markets of West Bengal, India. Fresh Penaeus monodon, Macrobrachium rozenbergii, Labeo rohita, Catla catla, Cirhinnus mrigala were examined for total bacterial and faecal coliform loads and presence of Vibrio cholerae, E. coli, Salmonella spp by culture methods. While the total plate counts of bacteria were within the acceptable or marginally acceptable limits for most samples, fishes were contaminated with faecal coliforms indicating poor sanitary hygienic condition. The specific pathogens like Vibrio cholerae and Salmonella spp were also detected in fish and shellfish samples. Antibiotic sensitivity tests showed that the pathogens were resistant to antibiotics raising serious public health concerns.
Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the microbiological quality and prevalence of pathogenic bacteria viz. Vibrio cholerae, E. coli, Salmonella spp. in fish and shellfish from domestic markets of West Bengal, India. Fresh Penaeus monodon, Macrobrachium rozenbergii, Labeo rohita, Catla catla, Cirhinnus mrigala were examined for total bacter...
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First Report of Panaeolus sphinctrinus and Panaeolus foenisecii (Psathyrellaceae, Agaricales) on Elephant Dung from Sri Lanka
Surani Ediriweera,
Ravi Wijesundera,
Chandrika Nanayakkara,
Jagath Weerasena
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 2, October 2015
Pages:
19-23
Received:
20 August 2015
Accepted:
3 September 2015
Published:
9 September 2015
Abstract: P. sphinctrinus (Fr) Quél. and P. foenisecii (Pers.) J. Schröt. are described from Sri Lanka for the first time. Both were collected from elephant dung in dry zone forest reserves of Sri Lanka. Identity was confirmed by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region in the nuclear ribosomal repeat unit, using the primers ITS1F and ITS4B. The morphological studies and phylogenetic analysis were carried out to characterize the fungus. Accordingly, P. sphinctrinus consists of a grey brown pileus with whitish margin and citriform, blakish brown basidiospores with a distinct germspore. Whereas P. foenisecii has a characteristic white to smoke grey, hygropanus pileus and various shaped cheliocystidia. Further in the phylogentic analysis, the two species clustered with their respective groups.
Abstract: P. sphinctrinus (Fr) Quél. and P. foenisecii (Pers.) J. Schröt. are described from Sri Lanka for the first time. Both were collected from elephant dung in dry zone forest reserves of Sri Lanka. Identity was confirmed by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region in the nuclear ribosomal repeat unit, using the primers ITS1F and ITS4B. T...
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Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Improve the Production and Enhancement of Alkaloid Content in Chilli
Moumita Datta,
Dipak Paul,
Sankar Narayan Sinha,
Chandan Sengupta
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 2, October 2015
Pages:
24-26
Received:
25 August 2015
Accepted:
3 September 2015
Published:
9 September 2015
Abstract: Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) is an important vegetable. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are beneficial as they colonize roots of plant and accelerate plant growth by different ways. In the present study, the impact of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) like Streptomyces sp. and Bacillus sp. on growth parameters and the production of capsaicin alkaloid are investigated in local variety of chilli. From the results of this investigation, it can be concluded that the seedling treatment of PGPRs can be used as a good technique in the enhancement of yield and alkaloid contents in plant cultivation, as it provides an ecofriendly approach.
Abstract: Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) is an important vegetable. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are beneficial as they colonize roots of plant and accelerate plant growth by different ways. In the present study, the impact of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) like Streptomyces sp. and Bacillus sp. on growth parameters and the productio...
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Antibacterial Activity of Pteridophytes and Nigella sativa Against Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Wastewater Environment
Farzana Ashrafi Neela,
Rokshana Parvin,
Niren Chandra Mahato,
Md. Momtaz Uddin,
Lipika Ghosh,
Most. Ferdousi Begum
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 2, October 2015
Pages:
27-31
Received:
29 August 2015
Accepted:
9 September 2015
Published:
11 September 2015
Abstract: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become a global problem impacted partly by use of antibiotics in various environments. New antimicrobial agents are therefore urgently needed to overcome this problem. This study was carried out to investigate the tetracycline (TC) and ampicillin (AMP) resistant bacteria in wastewater environments of Rajshahi Metropolitan City, Bangladesh. In this investigation ethanol and acetone extracts of Dryopteris sp. (leaves), Pteris vittata L. (leaves) and Nigella sativa L. (seeds) were examined for their antibacterial activity. A total of 34 TC and AMP resistant bacteria were isolated from wastewater sources. Among them, a random selection of eight strains (three gram negative and 5 gram positive) was used for this study. The zone of inhibition for Dryopteris sp. leaves ranged from 6-11 mm and 6-12 mm and for Pteris vittata L. leaf extract, from 6-12 mm and 6-13 mm within ethanol and acetone extracts, respectively. Acetone extract of Nigella sativa L. seeds at the concentration of 2500 µg/ml had a marked sensitivity (7-18 mm) towards three tested gram positive bacteria in this study. The results of the present work provide essential baseline information for the use of the studied plants in the fight against drug resistant phenotypes.
Abstract: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become a global problem impacted partly by use of antibiotics in various environments. New antimicrobial agents are therefore urgently needed to overcome this problem. This study was carried out to investigate the tetracycline (TC) and ampicillin (AMP) resistant bacteria in wastewater environments of Rajshahi...
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Strong Radical Scavenging Macrofungi from the Dry Zone Forest Reserves in Sri Lanka
Dilusha Fernando,
Ravi Wijesundera,
Preethi Soysa,
Dilip de Silva,
Chandrika Nanayakkara
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 2, October 2015
Pages:
32-38
Received:
1 September 2015
Accepted:
10 September 2015
Published:
14 September 2015
Abstract: Natural metabolites produced by macro fungi are of great interest as potential antioxidant defensive agents to reduce the oxidative damage caused by free radicals. Primarily, phenolic and flavonoid type metabolites have gained major importance due to the strong capacity of scavenging free radicals. The study was mainly focused to investigate the natural antioxidant properties of macro fungi found in Sri Lankan dry zone forest reserves using DPPH radical scavenging assay and to find out the contribution of phenol and flavonoid substances towards their antioxidant capacity. EC50 values of all extracts were below 1.2 mg/ml. Among the analyzed specimens, Phellinus repandus and Inonotus porrectus showed the most potent antioxidant activities having EC50 of 7.91 ± 1.38 µg/ ml and 19.70 ± 0.17 µg/ ml, respectively. Ten fungal forms exhibited EC50 < 300 µg/ ml and eighteen showed a mean values of EC50 in the range of 300-1200 µg/ ml. Further, P. repandus and I. porrectus also exhibited the highest level of total phenols and flavonoids. EC50 values of the species studied were inversely related to the total phenol and flavonoid contents. The analyzed macrofungi specimens exhibited high antioxidant power highlighting their potential as therapeutically useful antioxidant agents. Particularly, P. repandus and I. porrectus could be an important source of novel antioxidant compounds. In addition, phenol and flavonoid compounds largely contribute to the scavenging activity of studied macrofungi.
Abstract: Natural metabolites produced by macro fungi are of great interest as potential antioxidant defensive agents to reduce the oxidative damage caused by free radicals. Primarily, phenolic and flavonoid type metabolites have gained major importance due to the strong capacity of scavenging free radicals. The study was mainly focused to investigate the na...
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