Research Article
Structural and Optical Properties of Fe Doped Tio2 Nanoparticles: Investigation of Effects of Different Doping Concentration
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 2, June 2024
Pages:
20-30
Received:
28 April 2024
Accepted:
14 May 2024
Published:
30 May 2024
Abstract: Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (F-T NPs) were synthesized using the sol-gel method where different molar concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 10%) of Iron (iii) nitrate were added to a constant amount of the metal precursor TetraisopropylOrthotitanate (TTIP) solution, the solvent precursor ethanol and refluxing agent diethanolamine at the ratios of 1:6:1 respectively. The gel formed was annealed at 500°C in a muffle furnace for 2h. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) showed Fe-O symmetrical stretching vibration for the 5% doping and above and Ti-O-Fe asymmetrical stretching vibration at wavenumber 668 cm-1 and 1033cm-1, respectively. Fe-O stretching vibration confirms substitution doping. The crystallite size was calculated using the Debye Scherer equation; 2% F-T NPs had the largest crystallite size at 16.45 nm, and 7% F-T NPs had the least size at 10.95 nm, a decrease of 2.80 nm from the 0% F-T NPs. X-ray diffraction spectra showed a merging of peaks at planes 105 and 211. The peak at plane 204 is found to diminish, and the growth of another peak at 2θ (64.28°). Optical analysis was studied using UV-Vis, where the Tauc plot estimated the calculated band gap (Eg). It was the least at 7% F-T NPs with a value of 4.41 eV, and 5% F-T NPs were found to have the highest value of 4.86 eV.% Transmittance is directly proportional to the optical band gap. Scanning Electron Microscope showed improved agglomeration and aggregation with a dense and smooth particle. Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy confirmed the presence of Fe, Ti, and O in the F-T NPs.
Abstract: Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (F-T NPs) were synthesized using the sol-gel method where different molar concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 10%) of Iron (iii) nitrate were added to a constant amount of the metal precursor TetraisopropylOrthotitanate (TTIP) solution, the solvent precursor ethanol and refluxing agent diethanolamine at the ratios o...
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Research Article
Finite Element Axisymmetric Models for Conical Wedge Anchorage Used in the Production of Prestressed Steel Reinforced Concretes
Pham Quang*
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 2, June 2024
Pages:
31-36
Received:
30 May 2024
Accepted:
18 June 2024
Published:
27 June 2024
DOI:
10.11648/j.am.20241302.12
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Abstract: The anchor system plays a very important part of the prestressed structure, that contacts and transmits force to the cables when stretching to create residual stress. The operating conditions of the anchor system in general and the anchor core in particular are extremely harsh. In this paper, ABAQUS software was applied to model and numerically simulate the axisymmetric loading process of the anchor core in manufacturing prestressed concrete sleepers, to study the effects of tensile forces to the pressure resistance of the cylinder. To verify the analytical results, a Finite Element (FE)-model with the same material and geometrical properties was created. The difference is the assumption of plane stress in the analytical solution, can be solved using two - dimensional finite elements, which are most conveniently described in cylindrical (r, θ, z) coordinates. This articles also especially focused on calculating the change of stress on the edges of the anchor core teeth with different tensile forces. We also refered to experimental results to get data on traction force and working conditions to build a calculation model and select input parameters. Comparison of the stress generated on the teeth of the anchor core was performed with three different tensions of 171, 181 and 191 kN. The maximum and concentrated stress at the top and root of the anchor core when tensioning the cable has been calculated.
Abstract: The anchor system plays a very important part of the prestressed structure, that contacts and transmits force to the cables when stretching to create residual stress. The operating conditions of the anchor system in general and the anchor core in particular are extremely harsh. In this paper, ABAQUS software was applied to model and numerically sim...
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