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Research Article
Reproduction, Variation and Reconstruction of the Bashu Regional Image in the English Translation of Tang Poetry
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 1, February 2025
Pages:
1-6
Received:
14 October 2024
Accepted:
30 October 2024
Published:
9 January 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijll.20251301.11
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Abstract: This study explores the reproduction, variation, and reconstruction of the "Bashu regional image" in the English translations of Tang poetry, particularly focusing on the works of the esteemed poet Li Bai. Unlike traditional poetic imagery, regional images possess distinct local characteristics that reflect the unique cultural and geographical context of their origin. The Bashu region, known for its rugged landscapes, rich cultural heritage, and inclusiveness, serves as a quintessential example of this phenomenon. Li Bai's poetry, especially in pieces such as "On the Flowery Tower in the Town of Silk" and "The Moon over the Eyebrow Mountain," is infused with vivid Bashu cultural images that merit scholarly attention. This paper examines how these regional images are reproduced, altered, and reinterpreted in English translations, particularly considering the timeline of Li Bai’s experiences in Bashu. By analyzing the nuances of translation, this research aims to elucidate the complexities involved in conveying regional imagery to a global audience. Ultimately, it seeks to highlight the significance of maintaining the essence of local culture in translation, thus enhancing our understanding of both the source material and its adaptations across linguistic and cultural boundaries. Through this investigation, the study contributes to the broader discourse on the interplay between language, culture, and poetic expression in the context of ancient Chinese literature.
Abstract: This study explores the reproduction, variation, and reconstruction of the "Bashu regional image" in the English translations of Tang poetry, particularly focusing on the works of the esteemed poet Li Bai. Unlike traditional poetic imagery, regional images possess distinct local characteristics that reflect the unique cultural and geographical cont...
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Research Article
Strategies Deployed by EFL Learners to Improve Their Speaking Fluency: An Overview
Mehrdad Nazarie,
Amin Beigzadeh*
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 1, February 2025
Pages:
7-10
Received:
16 December 2024
Accepted:
3 January 2025
Published:
21 January 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijll.20251301.12
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Abstract: Background: As English emerges as the global lingua franca, non-native speakers increasingly prioritize speaking fluency to enhance communication, academic performance, and employability. This paper reviews strategies employed by English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners to improve their speaking fluency, emphasizing the importance of practical insights for both educators and learners. Objective: The objective of this study is to explore effective strategies for improving speaking fluency among EFL learners, addressing key areas such as regular practice, vocabulary expansion, active listening, role-playing, and self-assessment. Main Ideas: The paper presents several foundational strategies for improving speaking fluency among English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learner. Regular practice and immersion in English-speaking environments, such as language exchange programs and online platforms, are essential for real-life application of language skills. Building speaking confidence through gradual exposure to complex conversations and public speaking opportunities helps learners overcome anxiety. Vocabulary expansion techniques, including thematic instruction and technology-assisted learning, enhance learners' ability to express themselves effectively. Active listening and mimicking through shadowing exercises refine pronunciation and comprehension skills. Role-playing and conversation simulations prepare learners for real-life interactions, boosting both fluency and confidence. Lastly, self-assessment and feedback practices encourage reflection and collaborative learning, fostering continuous improvement and motivation among learners. Together, these strategies provide a comprehensive approach to enhancing speaking fluency in EFL contexts. Conclusions: While the strategies discussed offer robust pathways for enhancing speaking fluency, challenges such as limited access to native speakers and learner anxiety persist. Future research should focus on innovative solutions, including virtual language communities and AI-powered tutors, to address these challenges. By examining the long-term impacts of these technologies and the interplay between cultural adaptability and language fluency, educators can further optimize EFL learning outcomes, bridging linguistic and cultural gaps effectively.
Abstract: Background: As English emerges as the global lingua franca, non-native speakers increasingly prioritize speaking fluency to enhance communication, academic performance, and employability. This paper reviews strategies employed by English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners to improve their speaking fluency, emphasizing the importance of practical ...
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Research Article
The Linguistic Sign and the Subsystems of Language
Eric Papazian*
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 1, February 2025
Pages:
11-18
Received:
24 November 2024
Accepted:
12 December 2024
Published:
22 January 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijll.20251301.13
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Abstract: The point of departure is that the traditional linguistic «components» or subsystems like phonology, semantics, lexicon and grammar are based on the linguistic sign (or symbol), and the article discusses the relation between these components: Are they independent and supplementary, or are some systems part of others? And what is their relation to the sign and its two parts, expression and content (meaning)? First, the linguistic sign is presented and discussed, and defined 1) as a general unit with any expression, not limited to speech, 2) non-mentalistically, in a manner compatible with a usage-based approach to language, namely as a social or conventional product that also comprises physical entities like sounds or letters. Then some problems concerning the relation between the sign and the subsystems are pointed out and discussed in the following sections. The main conclusions are: 1) Lexicon and grammar include (e.g. phonological) expressions, phonology deals with the expression system. 2) There is no semantic system – meaning is part of lexicon and grammar. 3) Grammar is not «autonomous», but consists of (complex) signs and includes meaning. 4) Lexicon and grammar are neither expression nor content, but represent the sign or lexicogrammatical level. 5) Languages and texts are not signs and do not consist of expression and content, but of subsystems and parts. 6) Words are the basic part of language, presupposed by grammar.
Abstract: The point of departure is that the traditional linguistic «components» or subsystems like phonology, semantics, lexicon and grammar are based on the linguistic sign (or symbol), and the article discusses the relation between these components: Are they independent and supplementary, or are some systems part of others? And what is their relation to t...
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