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Impact of Foliar Application of Boron and Zinc on Growth, Quality and Seed Yield of Okra
Md. Habibur Rahman,
Md. Abdul Quddus,
Md. Abdus Satter,
Md. Razzab Ali,
Mohammad Hossain Sarker,
Tanjila Nasreen Trina
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2020
Pages:
1-9
Received:
12 January 2020
Accepted:
4 February 2020
Published:
13 February 2020
Abstract: The experiment was carried out in the field of Horticulture Research Centre (HRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur to evaluate the effect of foliar application of boron (B) and zinc (Zn) on growth, yield attributes, quality and seed yield of okra. The experiment was planned with 16 treatment combinations comprising four levels each of B (0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% borax, respectively) and Zn (0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% zinc sulphate, respectively) along with the blanket dose of fertilizers of N, P, K, S and cow dung at 120, 40, 80, 20 and 10000 kg ha-1, respectively were used in all treatments. The two factor experiment was laid out in the randomized complete block design with three replications. Results revealed that the foliar application of boron and zinc either single or in combination had significant effect on yield, yield attributes and quality of okra seed. Most of the yield attributes of okra were significantly increased by the combined foliar application of borax and zinc sulphate up to 0.2% borax and 0.2% zinc sulphate. The highest seed yield (2.52 t ha-1) was obtained from the treatment combination of 0.2% borax and 0.2% zinc sulphate followed by the treatment combination of 0.2% borax and 0.3% zinc sulphate. The highest oil content (16%) in seed was also produced from the same treatment (0.2% borax and 0.2% zinc sulphate). The improved protein content (17.75%) was found in combination of 0.1% borax and 0.3% zinc sulphate. The combined foliar applications of zinc and boron fertilizers were detected superior to their single application. The results suggest that the combination of 0.2% borax and 0.2% zinc sulphate could be used as foliar for seed yield maximization of okra. Hence, the foliar fertilization rates of zinc sulphate should be increased for okra production.
Abstract: The experiment was carried out in the field of Horticulture Research Centre (HRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur to evaluate the effect of foliar application of boron (B) and zinc (Zn) on growth, yield attributes, quality and seed yield of okra. The experiment was planned with 16 treatment combinations comprising four l...
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Antimicrobial Activity of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from hysalis angulata L. Plant
Utami Sri Hastuti,
Dwi Rahmawati,
Ria Yustika Sari,
Sugi Hartono,
Chomisatut Thoyibah,
Fitria Maulita,
Faiza Nur Imawati Ningsih
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2020
Pages:
10-13
Received:
6 January 2020
Accepted:
6 February 2020
Published:
14 February 2020
Abstract: Some endophytic fungi live in plant tissue and does not caused any damage on their host plant. The endophytic fungi could produce antimicrobial secondary metabolites. Some endophytic fungi have been isolated from a medicinal plant Physalis angulata, i.e: Penicillium verrucosum, Colletotrichum alienum, Fusarium subglutinans, Aspergillus nidulans, Mycelia sterilia 1, Mycelia sterilia 2, and Rhizoctonia sp. The purpose of this research are: 1) to examine the antimicrobial activity of each endophytic fungi species toward Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and, 2) to determine the endophytic fungi species that have highest antimicrobial activity. Each endophytic fungi isolates were inoculated in Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) medium and shaked in 120 rpm, during 7 x 24 hours, then the broth culture centrifugated in the rate of 3000 rpm for 10 minutes. The supernatants from each endophytic fungi were treat to the bacteria to know the antimicrobial activity by agar diffusion method. Afterwards the antibaterial effect of each endophytic fungi species were measured. Then the highest antimicrobial effect were determined. The research results shows that: 1) each endophytic fungi species have antimicrobial activity towards B. subtilis, E. coli, S. aureus, and; 2) Penicillium verucossum secondary metabolites have the highest antimicrobial activity.
Abstract: Some endophytic fungi live in plant tissue and does not caused any damage on their host plant. The endophytic fungi could produce antimicrobial secondary metabolites. Some endophytic fungi have been isolated from a medicinal plant Physalis angulata, i.e: Penicillium verrucosum, Colletotrichum alienum, Fusarium subglutinans, Aspergillus nidulans, My...
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Financial Modelling of Feed-In Tariff for Increasing Solar Photovoltaic Energy Portfolio in Malawi
Isaac Chitedze,
Nwedeh Chukwuemeka Cosmas,
Cohen Ang’u
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2020
Pages:
14-27
Received:
9 January 2020
Accepted:
4 February 2020
Published:
14 February 2020
Abstract: The Feed-In Tariff (FIT) policy has contributed significantly in driving renewable energy investment around the world. Despite the lessons of FIT’s contribution in attracting private investment in renewable energy development around the world, Malawi’s FIT policy of 2012 has not attracted any private investor. This paper examined the financial modelling of feed-in tariff rates, using Kamazu International Airport solar farm in Malawi as a case study. The paper also analysed the major challenges encountered in implementing the FIT policy in Malawi and funding options for the policy. This paper presents policymakers and planners an analysis on why FIT policy in Malawi has not increased renewable electricity generation capacity. The paper outlines a financial modelling of the FIT using RETScreen Expert. The analysis shows that the FIT for solar in Malawi is significantly lower than a minimum rate that would make a solar PV investment financially viable. The Malawi FIT policy stipulate US$0.10 and US$0.20 for non-firm power (without storage) and firm power (with storage) respectively. The results of the financial modelling presented herein show that for a ten years payback period; the minimum FIT required is US$0.34 with an annual escalation rate of 5%. It is also shown that at US$0.22, to achieve a payback period of 10 years; an annual escalation rate of 10% would be required. Given the financial modelling results, the Solar Photovoltaic (PV) FIT in Malawi requires review for enhancement of solar investment in the country.
Abstract: The Feed-In Tariff (FIT) policy has contributed significantly in driving renewable energy investment around the world. Despite the lessons of FIT’s contribution in attracting private investment in renewable energy development around the world, Malawi’s FIT policy of 2012 has not attracted any private investor. This paper examined the financial mode...
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Thermal Efficiency Evaluation of a Solar Thermal Steam Generating System Using Thermosiphon Technique with Parabolic Trough Collector
Abiem Louis Tersoo,
Akoshile Clement Olufemi
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2020
Pages:
28-34
Received:
24 December 2019
Accepted:
13 January 2020
Published:
20 February 2020
Abstract: Parabolic trough solar collectors are the most widely used concentrators for solar thermal applications in the world. This is because very high temperatures of 150°C to 350°C can be attained with its use without any noticeable degradation in the performance of the collector. In this work, a parabolic trough collector (PTC) was designed using simple parabolic equations and constructed with locally sourced materials. The developed PTC was used to converge direct solar radiation to a heat receiver (a copper pipe enclosed in an evacuated glass tube) placed at the focal line of the trough to heat up the water in the pipe to steam. Natural circulation (thermosiphon) was employed to drive the water from the heat source to the heat sink (tank) with the difference in density as the driving force of the system. Temperature sensors were installed at different points of the solar thermal system to experimentally investigate temperature distribution within the system, hence thermal performance. A pressure sensor was also installed in the tank to measure the pressure within the system. The results obtained shows that the solar thermal system generated low-mid temperature steam of up to 105°C at a pressure of approximately 120 kPa on a day when the global solar radiation intensity attained a value of 1109.5 W/m2. A thermosiphon mass flow rate of up to 0.042 kg/s was also recorded through a constant orifice of 12 mm diameter. The instantaneous efficiency of the receiver reached 46.48%.
Abstract: Parabolic trough solar collectors are the most widely used concentrators for solar thermal applications in the world. This is because very high temperatures of 150°C to 350°C can be attained with its use without any noticeable degradation in the performance of the collector. In this work, a parabolic trough collector (PTC) was designed using simple...
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Environmental Impact Assessment Due to Gas Seepage of Titas Gas Field, Bangladesh
Sujon Kumar Gain,
Rafsanjani Rafi,
Shimul Hossain,
Rashed Alom Emon,
Hossain Al Tanjil,
Tanveer Ahmed,
Govinda Biswas,
Md. Amin Al Anas,
Shisher Jalal
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2020
Pages:
35-38
Received:
13 November 2019
Accepted:
29 November 2019
Published:
25 February 2020
Abstract: The biggest gas field of Bangladesh, Titas in Brahmanbaria continues to face a possible disaster due to the seepage of the huge amount of gas mixed with water and oil through thousands of holes and cracks on the surface environment in and around this gas field. Gas is leaking through more than 3,000 big holes, including some 30-ft diameter ones, spreading in paddy fields, water bodies, and the Titas river. Approximately 1000 acres of virgin land with varieties of flora and fauna have been affected through seepage. Soil condition in the villages has degraded and still degrading to such an extent that it becomes unpredictable to comment on how many years it needs to regain fertility. Yet the present alarming situation is rippled with confusion about the actual source of seepage till now. To help the situation, an assessment of the impact of gas seepage from the Titas gas field on the surrounding environment was needed to evaluate the overall environmental condition at present and to propose adequate control measures for the abatement of the adverse impact on the environment. Therefore, the main objective of this research work is to assess the environmental impact of this seepage from the Titas Gas field. To fulfill the object of this study, we have developed a questionnaire including 18 parameters. These parameters encompassed all the aspects of ecology, socio-economic and so on. We visited the study area and made the gathering with affected peoples. The answer to each parameter of the questionnaire has been taken from people. From this study, it is found that all the tube wells of the villages are automatically emitting a huge quantity of natural gas. It is observed that the emitting of gas from the tube well-produced enormous irritating noise. The air is found polluted in and around the site visited. The most severe and alarming finding the health-related disease (skin disease, asthma, hair fall, water-born diseases e.t.c). It is summarized that about six square km of the area of Bakail, Suhilpur, Shampur and Anandapur villages, the Titas River and Loiska swamp are at high risk due the seepage.
Abstract: The biggest gas field of Bangladesh, Titas in Brahmanbaria continues to face a possible disaster due to the seepage of the huge amount of gas mixed with water and oil through thousands of holes and cracks on the surface environment in and around this gas field. Gas is leaking through more than 3,000 big holes, including some 30-ft diameter ones, sp...
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DFT Study of Oxidation Reaction Paths for Ethanol Gasoline
Li Na,
Han Lu,
Guo Xin,
Tao Zhiping,
Long Jun
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2020
Pages:
39-43
Received:
17 February 2020
Published:
26 March 2020
Abstract: A DFT study of oxidation reaction for ethanol molecule and representative conventional molecule in gasoline was performed. At first, the homolytic dissociation energy of the different C-H bond in ethanol and hydrocarbon molecules was calculated and the C-H active sites most likely to be attacked by oxygen molecule were obtained. Then, the reaction barrier of oxidation initiation reaction for different molecules was compared to conclude that the barrier energy of ethanol molecule was lower than the conventional gasoline molecule. It was found that the lower energy gap between the HOMO orbital of ethanol molecule and the LUMO orbital of oxygen molecule was the driving force to the oxidation initiation reaction. In addition, the possible further reaction paths of ethanol free radical after dehydrogenation have also been investigated, which may generate acetaldehyde or acetic acid. The two reaction paths actually existed at the same time, though compared with the acetic acid steps, the reaction path was shorter for generating acetaldehyde. It was indicated that ethanol gasoline is more prone to oxidation than conventional gasoline, which leads to changes in its molecular composition and physical and chemical properties. We should pay attention to the oxidation stability of ethanol gasoline during its storage and use.
Abstract: A DFT study of oxidation reaction for ethanol molecule and representative conventional molecule in gasoline was performed. At first, the homolytic dissociation energy of the different C-H bond in ethanol and hydrocarbon molecules was calculated and the C-H active sites most likely to be attacked by oxygen molecule were obtained. Then, the reaction ...
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Coarse-grained Lacustrine Slope Apron Deposits in Shaobo Area, Gaoyou Sag, Southern China
Zhou Yigang,
Li Cunlei,
Yan Yunbiao,
Chen Panpan
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2020
Pages:
44-50
Received:
18 February 2020
Accepted:
16 March 2020
Published:
1 April 2020
Abstract: The Dainan formation reservoirs in Shaobo area, Gaoyou sag, Southern China, sedimented mass conglomerates dominated by lacustrine slope apron system which fended by multiple flood channels with massive terrigenous clasts. In the early days, offshore fan-shaped sediments in the Shaobo area of the Gaoyou Sag were considered to be the main sedimentary system. However, a new lacustrine sedimentary model is presented in this paper. By careful core description and interpretation, four facies unions are recognized: (1) Facies union 1: Downslope clastic pathways that composed of massive conglomerates up to 6-25m thick, alternating with brown-dark gray mudstone and the etching structures can be often observed; (2) Facies union 2: Debris-flow Lobe is composed of massive conglomarates, matrix-supported to clast-supported polymictic conglomerates up to 10-50m thick; (3) Facies union 3: Underwater distributary channel is composed of trough cross-stratified sandstone, horizontally stratified sandstone and ripple cross-stratified fine to medium-grained sandstone, up to 5-20m thick; (4) Facies union 4: mudstone is dominates by thick grey black mudstone interbeding thin sandstone, the etching features are rare and bedding is typically parallel. In our study area, the traction current deposits constitute the producing petroleum reservoirs, and the conglomerates deposits are poor reservoirs. The sedimentary model may be applicable to other fault depression for predicting reservoir distribution.
Abstract: The Dainan formation reservoirs in Shaobo area, Gaoyou sag, Southern China, sedimented mass conglomerates dominated by lacustrine slope apron system which fended by multiple flood channels with massive terrigenous clasts. In the early days, offshore fan-shaped sediments in the Shaobo area of the Gaoyou Sag were considered to be the main sedimentary...
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