Research Article
Basic Determinants as Prerequisites for a Culture to form Its Way of Knowing the World
Oksana Leontyeva*
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, October 2025
Pages:
233-253
Received:
20 July 2025
Accepted:
21 August 2025
Published:
5 September 2025
Abstract: The paper discusses the prerequisites that form the basis for the formation of a way of knowing the world. The author notes that the way of knowing the world is an important condition for the safe existence of a person in the world around them. Despite the fact that the mechanisms of its creation involve the biological programme of a person, which is universal for the entire human species, the way of knowing is unique in each culture. It is this method that makes a culture authentic. Born at the stage of a culture's inception, it is the guiding vector around which culture develops, social relations are built, and relations with the surrounding world are established. In fact, the way of knowing the world is the foundation that shapes the image of reality in the mental reality of each member of a cultural community. The cultural community and the world around it develop only within this image of reality. The way of knowing the world is formed simultaneously with the core of culture and is identified with the peculiarities of thinking. It is formed under the influence of various determinants, the main ones being neurophysiological, neurocognitive, biopsychic and social. The author concludes that all determinants influencing the formation of the way of knowing the world and, accordingly, the core of culture, are potentially consistent with and determined by the work of the human biological programme. Through the way of knowing the world, the world surrounding a person is reflected in their psyche as ideal and objective. Due to the action of neurobiological mechanisms involved in the formation of the way we perceive the world, it can help a person improve the quality of their natural adaptive abilities to the surrounding world, which ensures effective cognitive activity. Cognitive activity is presented as the interconnection between the sensory and the abstract-logical in an ideal reflection of the world. These interconnections vary in each culture, as they are formed on the basis of the way of knowing the world.
Abstract: The paper discusses the prerequisites that form the basis for the formation of a way of knowing the world. The author notes that the way of knowing the world is an important condition for the safe existence of a person in the world around them. Despite the fact that the mechanisms of its creation involve the biological programme of a person, which ...
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Research Article
Delayed Dreams: How Student Loan Debt Shapes Family Formation and Homeownership Among Liberal Arts Graduates
Osasohan Agbonlahor*
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, October 2025
Pages:
254-273
Received:
25 July 2025
Accepted:
11 August 2025
Published:
11 September 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijecs.20251005.12
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Abstract: This study examines how educational debt burden influences homeownership and family formation outcomes among college graduates, with particular attention to differences between liberal arts and other disciplines. Drawing on data from the College and Beyond II dataset, which tracks long-term outcomes of higher education, the analysis examines how varying levels of student debt burden and debt-to-income ratios affect the likelihood of homeownership, marriage, and having children. Using logistic regression models with a sample of 1,673 college graduates, the findings show that student loan debt significantly reduces the probability of homeownership across all graduates, with even low debt burden associated with approximately 50% lower odds compared to those without loans. The relationship between debt and family formation outcomes is more complex, with low debt burden showing significant negative associations with marriage but high debt burden having inconsistent effects. Liberal arts graduates face additional challenges, showing lower overall rates of homeownership and marriage compared to professional program graduates, though they demonstrate greater resilience to the negative effects of moderate debt burden on marriage decisions. The results highlight how financial constraints early in adulthood can have lasting consequences for major life transitions. These findings reveal that student loan debt operates as a mechanism of social stratification with differential impacts across academic disciplines and racial groups, carrying immediate implications for educational financing policy and institutional support strategies.
Abstract: This study examines how educational debt burden influences homeownership and family formation outcomes among college graduates, with particular attention to differences between liberal arts and other disciplines. Drawing on data from the College and Beyond II dataset, which tracks long-term outcomes of higher education, the analysis examines how va...
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