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Underground Construction Impact the Ground Water Resources: A Review
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2018
Pages:
23-27
Received:
4 April 2018
Accepted:
28 April 2018
Published:
25 May 2018
Abstract: An ancient time most of the famous and developed historical cities grow near bank of river. Because availability of fresh water for their fulfilment of water requirement. River water was only source of fresh water resource. Due to globalization, modernization and industrialization increase the demand or requirement of water for their activities and further increase pollution of Surface water and Ground water. Today most of the water bodies (surface and ground water sources) have polluted commercial and industrial growth. The rapid development of cities and industries causes a over utilization of land. Due to this congestion population moves on underground structure. This article point out regarding impact of tunneling on subsurface construction (deep foundation, tunnel, basement etc.) on degradation of underground water resources and also obstruct the movement of water on aquifer. The underground construction done in the subsurface levels of urban areas are represents and consolidated in terms of their influence on sub surface water and prevented to the movement or damage the groundwater budget of the flow system.
Abstract: An ancient time most of the famous and developed historical cities grow near bank of river. Because availability of fresh water for their fulfilment of water requirement. River water was only source of fresh water resource. Due to globalization, modernization and industrialization increase the demand or requirement of water for their activities and...
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Natural Dynamics of Multi-Species Flowering Annuals in Tropical Landscape
Hanim Ahmad,
Hamdan Mohd Noor,
Zulhazmi Sayuti
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2018
Pages:
28-33
Received:
18 January 2018
Accepted:
2 May 2018
Published:
28 May 2018
Abstract: This study investigate the growth performance and the dynamic community of multi-species annual flowers in tropical landscape. The multi-species plant community produce an attractive colour of flowers according to their flowering peak of each species that have been tested. At the first growth cycle, the earliest species to bloom were Gomphrena globosa and Zinnia elegans which took 8 weeks after seed were sown. Meanwhile, Cosmos spp and Tithonia rotundifolia were the late species to bloom which took 14 weeks after seeds were sown. At the second growth cycle, the multi-species annual plants bloom much earlier which is only 3 weeks after pruning. The mean plant height and dry weight of several species on both growth cycles show a significant difference (P<0.05). Cosmos sulphureus and Cosmos caudatus recorded maximum heights on both growth cycles with C. sulphureus recording a maximum dry weight of about 172.5 gm/plant in the first growth cycle. Overall, the established multi-species plant community developed, had a lifespan of 5- 6 months in each growth cycle. The second growth cycle plant community was formed through self-sowing and vegetative part after pruning.
Abstract: This study investigate the growth performance and the dynamic community of multi-species annual flowers in tropical landscape. The multi-species plant community produce an attractive colour of flowers according to their flowering peak of each species that have been tested. At the first growth cycle, the earliest species to bloom were Gomphrena glob...
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Humane Considerations in Architecture and the Outstanding Universal Significance of 20th Century Cultural Heritage: The Case of Paimio Hospital in Finland
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2018
Pages:
34-42
Received:
18 March 2018
Accepted:
11 April 2018
Published:
29 June 2018
Abstract: The finding of the under-representativity of 20th century heritage properties on the World Heritage List urged many States Parties to the World Heritage Convention to nominate heritage properties representing this pattern for listing as World Heritage Sites. One of these properties is Paimio Hospital in Finland designed by Alvar Aalto. One of the major themes that have been adopted to justify the hospital’s Outstanding Universal Value is the humane considerations in Alvar Aalto’s design. The main aim of this study was to explore the common themes and criteria that have been frequently adopted to justify the Outstanding Universal Value of 20th century heritage properties. The study also aimed at discussing the humane considerations in Alvar Aalto’s design of Paimio Hospital and the relevance of these considerations to the justifications of the outstanding significance of Hassan Fathy’s heritage in Egypt. To achieve the previous aims, seven case studies representing recent heritage were adopted for the analysis of the common themes and criteria adopted to justify the Outstanding Universal Value of recent heritage. One of the previous case studies, which is Paimio Hospital, was adopted for a further analysis of the humane considerations in its design. The findings revealed the diverse humane considerations in Alvar Aalto’s design of Paimio Hospital. The findings also revealed that criterion (i) is one of the most frequently adopted criteria to justify the Outstanding Universal Value of 20th century heritage properties. The study suggests that humane considerations in architecture can also be adopted to justify the outstanding significance of Hassan Fathy’s heritage in Egypt.
Abstract: The finding of the under-representativity of 20th century heritage properties on the World Heritage List urged many States Parties to the World Heritage Convention to nominate heritage properties representing this pattern for listing as World Heritage Sites. One of these properties is Paimio Hospital in Finland designed by Alvar Aalto. One of the m...
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Identifying Housing Needs and Relation to Decrease in Cultivated Land: A Case Study of Bhetupara, Mohanpur, Rajshahi
Aftabun Nahar,
Rashiqul Islam,
Saadman Reza Chowdhury,
Abdul Wakil
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2018
Pages:
43-50
Received:
25 March 2018
Accepted:
7 June 2018
Published:
5 July 2018
Abstract: In Bangladesh, most of the areas are rural. That is the reason for selecting a rural area to know about their problems and finding out a way to improve their condition. The study area is a village named Bhetupara which is located at Mohanpur upazila in Rajshahi district. The villagers are mainly engaged in agricultural activity. Housing is a basic need for mankind. The study is based on rural housing. The objective of the study is to know about their housing condition and needs and how it relates to decrease in cultivated land. Housing condition represents basically the condition of utility facilities in the village. The condition is shown by chart and data is collected from field survey. The study is based on both quantitative and qualitative data. For collection of data, Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) method and questionnaire are used. The used PRA tools are social map, transect and cause-effect diagram. The maps and diagram are prepared by focus group discussion with key informant. Social map and transect are used to know the existing condition and facilities and cause-effect diagram is used to know how housing affecting decrease in cultivated land and what will be the situation in future. This study reflects the dream of the people by including their recommendation. It will provide a base for development authority or planner to facilitate these rural people according to their expectation.
Abstract: In Bangladesh, most of the areas are rural. That is the reason for selecting a rural area to know about their problems and finding out a way to improve their condition. The study area is a village named Bhetupara which is located at Mohanpur upazila in Rajshahi district. The villagers are mainly engaged in agricultural activity. Housing is a basic ...
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The Effectiveness of Decentralisation as a Response Mechanism for Disaster Risk Management in Bamenda, North West Cameroon
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2018
Pages:
51-63
Received:
5 July 2018
Accepted:
17 July 2018
Published:
21 August 2018
Abstract: Decentralized disaster risk governance has gained significant attention with the rising rate of global urban development today. Although scholarly debate/interest in this subject has grown, a comprehensive assessment of its efficiency is still rare. This paper attempts to fill this gap through a critical analysis of decentralisation as a response mechanism for disaster risk management in Bamenda in a bid to enshrine sustained solutions into concrete policy options. Using primary data (field observations, interviews, on-the-spot-appraisals) and secondary data (published/unpublished works and internet sources) sources through the descriptive and analytical methods of investigation, the findings unknots the fact that the intrinsic physical setting of Bamenda exhibited through its precarious geologic structure, undulating topography and extremely steep slopes are omni-inviting for a plethora of adverse environmental imprints. Contrary to these challenges, the urban development process in Bamenda has disregarded its natural setting as unplanned development through the anthropisation of slopes and wetlands is a common idiosyncrasy. Given this current state of affairs, however, the effectiveness of decentralization as a response mechanism for disaster risk management leaves much to be desired. This missing link is beset and partly catalyzed by deep institutional and regulatory lapses in the manifestation of decentralisation, ineffective and inconsistent management capacities, poor policy implementation and enforcement mechanisms relating to town planning instruments, bureaucracy and clientelistic practices. These speed breaks have rendered decentralisation as a response mechanism for disaster risk management largely ineffective in Bamenda. The paper suggests the need for the fortification of the capacities of workers in decentralized institutions, the need for the central government to devolve effective powers to local governments for disaster risk management, the need for greater financial autonomy and for the introduction of checks and balances to prevent the misuse of powers to achieve personal gains.
Abstract: Decentralized disaster risk governance has gained significant attention with the rising rate of global urban development today. Although scholarly debate/interest in this subject has grown, a comprehensive assessment of its efficiency is still rare. This paper attempts to fill this gap through a critical analysis of decentralisation as a response m...
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