Research Article
Investigating the Defensive Mechanisms of Stingless Bees, Meliponula beccarii L., Against Ants (Dorylus fulvus)
Etenesh Mekonnen*
,
Alemayehu Gela
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2025
Pages:
1-5
Received:
13 December 2024
Accepted:
27 December 2024
Published:
17 January 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.aje.20250901.11
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Stingless bees (&) have developed many approaches to control nests from their enemies/pest and predators/. Defensive behavior of & was not conducted by physical body. Despite lacking a sting, stingless bees are active in defending their enemies possess numerous defensive mechanisms. The study was conducted at Holeta Bee Research Center, stingless bee (&) apiary site to investigate three defensive mechanisms (dyadic (one to one), Group interaction and colony interaction or defensive behavior). The objective of study was to conduct the defensive mechanism of stingless bees (&) against ants (&). Defensive behavior between & and & was observed by different numbers of workers of ants and stingless bees in each group. Dyadic encounter a defensive between single worker of & and &, Group Interaction: Defensive between thirty two workers from each group and Colony interaction between a mass of colonies defensive were observed. In Colony interaction defensive behavior aggressive interaction between the & and & was freely observed when a part of stingless bee nest with brood and adults were placed near the ground close to the & nest. The interaction between ants and stingless bees in dyadic and group interaction were overpowered by ants where as in colony interaction deter by stingless bees. This is may explain why stingless bees living in free environment without attack of ants though they share the same ecology. Therefore, identifying these ant-deterrent and exploring for the development of ant protection for other is suggested.
Abstract: Stingless bees (&) have developed many approaches to control nests from their enemies/pest and predators/. Defensive behavior of & was not conducted by physical body. Despite lacking a sting, stingless bees are active in defending their enemies possess numerous defensive mechanisms. The study was conducted at Holeta Bee Research Center, stingless b...
Show More
Review Article
Population Dynamics, Yield Loss and Management of Major Insect Pests of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Crop: A Review
Esuyawkal Demis*
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, March 2025
Pages:
6-14
Received:
7 December 2024
Accepted:
30 December 2024
Published:
17 January 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.aje.20250901.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Rice insect pests are a major biological constraint in rice production. They affect every part of the rice plant throughout all growth stages, leading to decreased productivity, yield, and grain quality. Over 100 species of insect pests target rice crops at different growth stages. From these insect pests around 15 to 20 cause economic damage to the rice crop. Some of the insect pests that can lead to considerable yield losses are grasshoppers, plant hoppers, leaf hoppers, leaf folder, stem borer, gall midge, rice hispa, whorl maggot, grain-sucking bugs, rice gundhi bugs, and green stink bugs. The yield loss of rice varies from one production season to another and from one area to another due to the fluctuating populations of insect pests. The population dynamics of insect pests fluctuate along with the varying conditions of the environmental (abiotic) factors. The development of sustainable rice crop protection strategies, along with an understanding of insect pest population dynamics and the influence of abiotic and biotic factors on pest incidence, is crucial for the timely adoption of different management practices. Therefore, understanding rice insect pest population dynamics regarding abiotic factors is essential and can be used in cultural, biological, host plant resistance, chemical, and integrated pest management approaches. The dynamic population of rice insect pests is varied, and their damaging stage is also different. It is recommended that appropriate control methods for insect pests during the rice crop growing season should be taken to reduce the yield loss of rice.
Abstract: Rice insect pests are a major biological constraint in rice production. They affect every part of the rice plant throughout all growth stages, leading to decreased productivity, yield, and grain quality. Over 100 species of insect pests target rice crops at different growth stages. From these insect pests around 15 to 20 cause economic damage to th...
Show More
