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Research Article
Christian Leadership: Cultivating Humility and Brokenness of Christ in a Shame-honour Culture
Daniel Ajak Magai*
Issue:
Volume 15, Issue 1, February 2026
Pages:
1-6
Received:
3 December 2025
Accepted:
15 December 2025
Published:
7 January 2026
Abstract: Christian leadership within the shame and honour cultures faces different challenges, including the pressures and expectations of groups, social circles and the society at large. It is in this context that many Christian leaders often fall short of embracing the humility, brokenness and self-sacrificing life of Christ. The honour-shame cultures in the African context place a leader at the centre of proving their worth, being seen as strong and exhibiting power in order to receive praise over Christ’s humility and Christian values. With the contextual understanding of South Sudan and beyond, this article focuses on the issues that continue to place Christian leaders at the crossroads in the shame and honour cultures, mostly against the true power of the Gospel. The article provides an argument that the cultural expectations of status, power and prestige, often driven by societal beliefs, conflict with the biblical model of leadership that is rooted in humility, brokenness, and servanthood. Drawing from the biblical examples and text, the study argues that the cruciform character of Christ, especially his humility, embrace of shame and vulnerability, offers a transformative paradigm for Christian leadership. This transformative paradigm calls for the embrace of true honour in Christ, the embrace of the power of the Gospel that is rooted in the humility of Christ, suffering and brokenness of a Christian servant, imitating Christ to gain the grace of God. Practical implications for Christian leaders in South Sudan and similar settings are discussed with emphasis on the work of sacrificial love, servanthood and not conforming to the tribal, social circles, or societal alliances over the cross, which is our symbol of suffering and grace in Christ Jesus. We must reshape our cultural expectations with the true Gospel and not relent to any social group's pressures but stand firm, following Jesus’ footsteps, bearing the true fruits of the Spirit to the very end.
Abstract: Christian leadership within the shame and honour cultures faces different challenges, including the pressures and expectations of groups, social circles and the society at large. It is in this context that many Christian leaders often fall short of embracing the humility, brokenness and self-sacrificing life of Christ. The honour-shame cultures in ...
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Research Article
The Design and Implementation of a System to Combat Plastic Pollution in University Cafeterias
Issue:
Volume 15, Issue 1, February 2026
Pages:
7-15
Received:
21 October 2025
Accepted:
30 December 2025
Published:
9 January 2026
Abstract: This is an innovative project aimed at developing a method to reduce or eliminate altogether single-use plastics in two cafeterias on Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam campus. It is an effort to combat plastic pollution in the environment, which studies indicate is an increasing health and environmental concern. The methodology employed in this innovative project involves three main stages: firstly, the selection of an environmental issue that should be addressed. A survey among 214 participants in the university clearly identified plastic pollution as one that needed the most attention as well as a problem that could be resolved. Secondly, the implementation of two disposable plastic-free cafeterias which succeeded in reducing single-use plastic significantly, attesting to the fact that plastic pollution is indeed a problem that can be resolved. Finally, the formulation of a standard operating procedure (SOP) which contains steps to achieve a single-use plastic-free cafeteria. The significance of the project is the development of a system that could be replicated by food operators in all UiTM campuses and other institutions to become plastic-free eateries. The study ends with a recommendation that this SOP be adopted by all cafeterias throughout the country. The reduction in the use of plastics will help our Mother Earth sustain life.
Abstract: This is an innovative project aimed at developing a method to reduce or eliminate altogether single-use plastics in two cafeterias on Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam campus. It is an effort to combat plastic pollution in the environment, which studies indicate is an increasing health and environmental concern. The methodology employed i...
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Research Article
The Effectiveness of Continuing Education in the Republican Police of Benin: Between Operational Constraints and Professionalization Needs
Issue:
Volume 15, Issue 1, February 2026
Pages:
16-29
Received:
9 December 2025
Accepted:
24 December 2025
Published:
30 January 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.ss.20261501.13
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Abstract: This work analyzes the effectiveness of continuing education within the Republican Police of Benin through a mixed methodological approach mobilizing the D. Kirkpatrick model and self-determination theory. The research, conducted with 150 participants, reveals that continuing education is widely recognized as an essential lever for professionalization, in a security context marked by rapid changes and increasing operational demands. The results show, however, that officers' motivation remains dominated by extrinsic factors such as professional recognition, financial incentives, and career advancement prospects. Although intrinsic motivation exists among some officers, it remains minority and insufficiently supported by current organizational practices. The analyses also reveal several structural challenges: limited resources, excessive standardization of modules, low officer availability, lack of program updates, unequal hierarchical support, and significant obstacles to the transfer of learning in the field. These constraints reduce the satisfaction of the needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness, thereby limiting the depth of learning and the real impact of training on operational performance. The research concludes that a comprehensive reform of the continuing education system is necessary, based on content modernization, better adaptation to regional and professional realities, strengthening of recognition mechanisms, and a stronger commitment from the hierarchy. Such an approach would optimize the effectiveness of training, stimulate more autonomous and lasting motivation, and contribute to the strengthening of police professionalism.
Abstract: This work analyzes the effectiveness of continuing education within the Republican Police of Benin through a mixed methodological approach mobilizing the D. Kirkpatrick model and self-determination theory. The research, conducted with 150 participants, reveals that continuing education is widely recognized as an essential lever for professionalizat...
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Research Article
Cooking in the Twin Transition: Digitally Mediated Clean Energy Access in Kigali, Rwanda
Jeremiah Thoronka*
Issue:
Volume 15, Issue 1, February 2026
Pages:
30-44
Received:
7 January 2026
Accepted:
16 January 2026
Published:
30 January 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.ss.20261501.14
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: The “twin transition”, the coupled pursuit of decarbonisation and digitalisation, has become a dominant policy and investment frame, yet its household-level consequences remain underspecified, particularly in clean-cooking programmes increasingly governed through digital payment rails, platform service systems, and data-driven targeting. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in Kigali, this study indicates that digitalisation is not a neutral enabler of clean cooking; it reshapes the practical conditions under which clean energy options become usable, trustworthy, and socially legitimate. Households considering LPG, electricity, and efficient appliances weigh not only price and thermal performance but also digitally produced frictions and risks, including the ability to transact via mobile money at mealtime, the cadence of PAYG repayments, the evidentiary demands and responsiveness of platform-mediated customer care, and the clarity of datafied eligibility rules. These conditions are unevenly distributed within households and often operate as gendered constraints on autonomy, while prepaid visibility can heighten the reputational costs of service interruption when systems fail mid-cook. The paper advances a practice-based account of the twin transition by showing how digital infrastructures shape clean-cooking trajectories through access preconditions, platform-mediated accountability, prepaid visibility that moralises interruption, and inclusion–surveillance trade-offs. The findings suggest that equitable program design requires reducing procedural burden, treating customer care as core infrastructure, minimising mid-cook failure, and evaluating transitions based on cooking sequences and reliability rather than device ownership or connection metrics.
Abstract: The “twin transition”, the coupled pursuit of decarbonisation and digitalisation, has become a dominant policy and investment frame, yet its household-level consequences remain underspecified, particularly in clean-cooking programmes increasingly governed through digital payment rails, platform service systems, and data-driven targeting. Drawing on...
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