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Research Article
The Role of Traditional Social Institution “Mada'a” in Afar Region in Crime Prevention - The Case of Asaita Woreda
Kedirx Ali Alo*
,
Efa Tadesse Debele
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 5, October 2024
Pages:
143-154
Received:
1 May 2024
Accepted:
22 May 2024
Published:
26 September 2024
Abstract: The role of traditional social institutions in maintaining social order in general and crime prevention in particular is very indispensable. Despite the importance of the role of traditional social institutions in crime prevention, academic attention to this issue is still being determined. This study was conducted on the role of the traditional social institution "made" a" in afar region in Crime prevention. Mada'a is Afar customary law practiced around all Afar communities and does not limit law in some areas. mada'a is Afar customary law that plays a crucial role in preventing deviance and crime in the Afar community. Moreover, mada'a classified criminal acts into five types, namely: 1) crime against life, 2) crime against the body, 3) crime against the property, 4) crime related to adultery, and 5) crime of insult. For this reason, Asaita woreda was selected because it is the center of Ausa sultanet, where steadily practiced the Afar Mada "a particularly around Hinnale and Barga Kebels. Ausa sultanate is a form of indigenous governance system where power is vested in or leader of remaining Afar sultanates. The study employed only a qualitative research method and used purposive sampling. The researchers used 100 participants (43 people for in-depth interviews, 38 people for Focus Group Discussion, and 19 people for Key Informant Interview) from Asaiyta Woreda. The researchers employed data collection methods and used a meticulously prepared interview checklist, Focus Group Discussion guide, and key informant questions as the key instruments. The study explored the various roles and functions, which are mada'a, Xinta, and cello, which can play a significant role in Ausa communities, and mada'a is a fundamental rule to prevent crime and deviance in the community. The study also found out the various unwritten social rules and norms and considered that there are a lot of unwritten social rules and norms. One of is afkaaqik maqaadih madqa, which is ausa sultan. The study recommended that the people and government strongly support mada'a and must be linked to institutional support, capacity building, and structural arrangements.
Abstract: The role of traditional social institutions in maintaining social order in general and crime prevention in particular is very indispensable. Despite the importance of the role of traditional social institutions in crime prevention, academic attention to this issue is still being determined. This study was conducted on the role of the traditional so...
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Research Article
14,000 Years Old Atlas of Heaven and Earth: Andean Panel in Inca Sun Temple of South America and Its Root in Paleolithic East Asia
Thomas Tao*
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 5, October 2024
Pages:
155-165
Received:
29 August 2024
Accepted:
18 September 2024
Published:
29 September 2024
Abstract: New findings indicated that the Andean panel in the Inca Sun Temple was a relic of an ancient drawing now dated 13,000–15,000 years old. The drawing was an Atlas of Heaven and Earth that contained astronomy, geography, weathering, calendars, and a stratified society. The atlas was seamlessly integrated with dualistic cosmology, religion, ideology, and philosophy. The atlas contained the “Five Divine Stars” of the Sun, the Moon, Rising Venus, Setting Venus, and Polar Star Vega in 12,000 BC. Its “Four Sacred Asterisms” on the ecliptic were the southern Bird, the northern Snake/Turtle, the western Big Cat, and the eastern Dragon. Since the atlas was created, the North Pole has turned 180 degrees on the circle of precession. In the east, there were mountains, monsoon, and thunder. In the west, an easterly running river drained a lake or lagoon into the sea. The atlas had several metaphors. Examples were Genesis of Seven Days Creation, Life Cycles, Andean Cross, later Mayan Eight-Sided Cross, and Chinese Yin Yang Eight Gua. Heaven was round, Earth was square, and the stratification of mankind was a mandate of the Creator. The two calendars had 13 months and four seasons. One of them was a Sidereal calendar with 365 days a year and used Antares for the start of a year and conjunctions with the moon. The other Solar Lunar Calendar had three Leap “Back” Months for alignment with the solar circle. Fu Xi (ca 5,324 BC) composed Chinese dualistic religion presumably based on its drawing. Its contents were also found in China, Japan, Korea, Incans, Mayans, etc., and to some degree in Bronze Age Mesopotamia, India, and Egypt. Its birthplace was assumed to be Paleolithic East Asia, but its exact location was unknown.
Abstract: New findings indicated that the Andean panel in the Inca Sun Temple was a relic of an ancient drawing now dated 13,000–15,000 years old. The drawing was an Atlas of Heaven and Earth that contained astronomy, geography, weathering, calendars, and a stratified society. The atlas was seamlessly integrated with dualistic cosmology, religion, ideology, ...
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Research Article
The Oromo's Contribution to Civilization in Maintaining Societal Peace Focuses on the Guji Oromo in Southeast Oromia
Getu Gonfa Ararso*
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 5, October 2024
Pages:
166-174
Received:
19 January 2024
Accepted:
1 August 2024
Published:
29 September 2024
Abstract: Gada is the brainchild and democratic system of the Oromo people that stand for all life without any prejudice. Gada regulated political stability, peace, economic growth, social doings, cultural duties, ritual and moral responsibility by its structure, principle and function. The quality of Gada system is that it has division of power, Inclusiveness, principle of check, keep majority rules and minority right, and balance and role of peace building among the society. The general objective of this paper is to present the significance of Gada in keeping peace of society and country event focus on Guji Oromo, south eastern Oromia for all readers. Different paper were written by lots of scholars on the concept of Gada system, but it is scanty on blood feud activities for the resolution chaos and restoration of peace. Thus this paper is done in order to fill the gap. The data in this study consisted of the primary and secondary sources. The primary source largely focus on interview either physically or mobile calling based on snow ball sampling method, discussion and observation different reconciliation. Secondary sources were collected by assessing, analyzing, evaluating, crosschecking and codifying different published and unpublished materials. Finally, these data were described, expressed and articulated through qualitatively research method and based on historical and ethnographic approach.
Abstract: Gada is the brainchild and democratic system of the Oromo people that stand for all life without any prejudice. Gada regulated political stability, peace, economic growth, social doings, cultural duties, ritual and moral responsibility by its structure, principle and function. The quality of Gada system is that it has division of power, Inclusivene...
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Review Article
Effects of Implementing Trauma-Informed Training at Child Protection Professionals
Sanja Polic Penavic*
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 5, October 2024
Pages:
175-182
Received:
30 August 2024
Accepted:
20 September 2024
Published:
30 September 2024
Abstract: Trauma-informed training is essential for child protection professionals as their support and help to children, young people, and families is a significant factor in overcoming many problems and challenges, including various traumas, from early childhood to adulthood. This article aims to overview the current situation in the implementation of trauma-informed training, analyze studies regarding the effects of the implementation of this training in child protection, and provide evidence-based recommendations that indicate the need to further improve the competencies of child protection professionals for work with children, youth and families with trauma experience. The purpose of this article is to indicate the importance of implementing a trauma-informed approach in working with children and young people who have experienced some trauma, as well as significant challenges, limitations, and possible directions for improving the implementation of trauma-informed training in this area in order to provide them with more adequate and better quality support. The article is based on the analysis of existing scientific literature, and the method of work used is content analysis. The article begins by conceptualizing the trauma-informed approach, advantages, and limitations in implementing this approach in the child protection system. After that, a presentation and analysis of data on trauma-informed training and previous studies findings on the effects of this training on child protection professionals is given. This review showed a lack of more detailed and comprehensive studies on the effects of trauma-informed training in child protection, a lack of studies that deal in more detail with factors, gaps, and challenges in the implementation of this training, and a lack of data of training methods and techniques used for trauma-informed approach transferring to professionals, as well as monitoring. The implications for trauma-informed training for child protection professionals and the gaps to be covered in future studies are discussed.
Abstract: Trauma-informed training is essential for child protection professionals as their support and help to children, young people, and families is a significant factor in overcoming many problems and challenges, including various traumas, from early childhood to adulthood. This article aims to overview the current situation in the implementation of trau...
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Research Article
The Implication, Challenges, and Pathways of College Students' Ideal Education in the New Era
Zhu Zhongyuan*
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 5, October 2024
Pages:
183-191
Received:
21 August 2024
Accepted:
7 September 2024
Published:
10 October 2024
Abstract: College students' ideal education in the new era is different from the ideal education of any period in the past. It has a unique times implication, including three aspects of political implication, innovation implication and actual effect implication. At the same time, there is also a gap between the expected state and the actual situation. It has fallen into the realistic dilemma of "weak political attributes", "insufficient reform and innovation", and "insufficient practical results". Only with a direction in heart can a person walk steadily and far. College students' ideal education in the new era must adhere to the correct reform path. Firstly, we need to optimize educational concepts and adhere to political attributes. Secondly, we need to activate educational motivation and innovate teaching paradigms. Finally, we must adhere to the "San Quan" education and consolidate educational effectiveness.
Abstract: College students' ideal education in the new era is different from the ideal education of any period in the past. It has a unique times implication, including three aspects of political implication, innovation implication and actual effect implication. At the same time, there is also a gap between the expected state and the actual situation. It has...
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Review Article
A Comprehensive Survey on the Role of Law in Different Applications in Computer Science
Basma Mohamed*,
Khaled Eid Abdel Moneim Abdel Fattah
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 5, October 2024
Pages:
192-196
Received:
28 August 2024
Accepted:
18 September 2024
Published:
10 October 2024
Abstract: One significant tool for addressing the concerns associated with the use of one of the applications in computer science is the law. Numerous laws and rules governing the use of computer science are designed to safeguard users, customers, and society at large. Law uses norms created by governmental and social institutions to control behavior. Programming is used to explore digital information in computer science. Computers got more potent and smaller as they evolved through generations, utilizing various technologies such as integrated circuits. Cyber law regulates online behavior and deals with matters pertaining to intellectual property, privacy, domain names, and other legal concerns. A few of the many concerns that the law must address in order to mitigate the electronic crimes are protecting privacy and security, upholding justice, limiting civil and criminal liability, ensuring safety, and controlling the application of AI in the workplace. Guidelines that people and organizations have to follow when utilizing computer science applications, making sure that these requirements are met in full. Additionally, as companies must commit to recording AI usage procedures and making clear the use of data and algorithms, the regulation fosters accountability and openness. By doing this, the possibility of prejudice and mistakes when utilizing AI is decreased. This survey provides a self-contained introduction to cybercrimes and types of cybercrimes. We also present ways to combat cybercrime and limit its spread.
Abstract: One significant tool for addressing the concerns associated with the use of one of the applications in computer science is the law. Numerous laws and rules governing the use of computer science are designed to safeguard users, customers, and society at large. Law uses norms created by governmental and social institutions to control behavior. Progra...
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Research Article
Tribute VS "Nanman": The Image Construction of "Magic Mirror Type"
Liu Hong*
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 5, October 2024
Pages:
197-213
Received:
1 March 2024
Accepted:
23 September 2024
Published:
18 October 2024
Abstract: For over 2000 years, feudal dynasties throughout China have referred to southerners as the “Nanman” (means Southern Barbarian). However, the specific situation of the treatment of Nanman titles by various dynasties has not been explored. In addition, the Nanman never stopped paying tribute to the Central Dynasty. No one is involved in whether tribute can earn the respect that the dynasty deserves. Nowadays, big data technology can easily handle massive amounts of literature, and it is entirely possible to analyze the above issues from "official histories" (the 25 historical books) using the method of word frequency research. The words frequency shows that since the unification of Lingnan by Emperor Qin Shi Huang, the feudal dynasties presented a paradox to Lingnan: The products in Lingnan were coveted, and local customs were despised. "Tribute" was used to cover up the predatory nature of Kings, and "Nanman" was used to establish political, national and cultural rank. The number of "tribute" and the meaning of "Nanman" formed the "magic mirror" development relationship in the big tree of feudal autocracy until the end of the Qing Dynasty. But on the one hand, the positive factors of "tribute" were absorbed and used by the western powers to establish their own alliances. On the other hand, they also mislead the public opinion and create trouble. Although "Nanman" has been eradicated politically, the regional discrimination and cultural misreading it contains have not been eradicated and often occurs. "Tribute" ranges from Kyushu to overseas to international relations. The connotation of "Nanman" from the orientation, nation and culture, the meaning of these two words has been spontaneously changing. It is timely to clarify their relationship and help make China revive.
Abstract: For over 2000 years, feudal dynasties throughout China have referred to southerners as the “Nanman” (means Southern Barbarian). However, the specific situation of the treatment of Nanman titles by various dynasties has not been explored. In addition, the Nanman never stopped paying tribute to the Central Dynasty. No one is involved in whether tribu...
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Research Article
The Effect of Parenting Style on Depression: The Mediating Role of Life History Strategies
Yan Wang*,
Fengjie Ci
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 5, October 2024
Pages:
214-221
Received:
27 September 2024
Accepted:
25 October 2024
Published:
30 October 2024
DOI:
10.11648/j.ss.20241305.19
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: In China, youth refer to under the age of 16. During adolescence, children's psychological problems are the focus of attention. Based on Bronfenbrenner's bioecology theory and life history theory, this study examined the relationship between parenting styles and depression, in which life history is a mediator. Based on ecosystem theory and life history theory, this paper examines the influence of parenting style on junior middle school students' depression and its mechanism. A total of 551 primary school students were investigated by using parenting style rating scale, depression scale and MINI-K scale. Data analyses were performed using SPSS 24.0. The results showed that: (1) Parents' positive parenting style negatively predicted depression, and parents' negative parenting style positively predicted depression; (2) Life history strategy played a mediating role between parenting style and depression. The results not only revealed the relationship between parenting style and depression of junior high school students, but also revealed its mechanism, which had certain reference value for improving the mental health of junior high school students. Results of this study indicate the negative influence of parents' negative parenting style on middle school students' emotional adjustment and the mediating role of life history strategies. Taken together, these findings suggest that parenting style is a proximal factor for depression and that future interventions should focus on parent-adolescent interactions.
Abstract: In China, youth refer to under the age of 16. During adolescence, children's psychological problems are the focus of attention. Based on Bronfenbrenner's bioecology theory and life history theory, this study examined the relationship between parenting styles and depression, in which life history is a mediator. Based on ecosystem theory and life his...
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