Review Article
Strengthening Industry–TVET Linkage in Ethiopia:
A Qualitative Systematic Review and Integrated Governance Framework
Seblewongel Haregewein*
,
Srinivasa Chakravarthy Mekapotula
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, August 2026
Pages:
53-72
Received:
29 June 2026
Accepted:
30 July 2026
Published:
18 August 2026
Abstract: Industry–TVET linkage remains a persistent policy challenge in Ethiopia, driven by a continuing mismatch between technical and vocational education outcomes and evolving labour market demands. Although successive policy reforms and legal frameworks, most recently TVET Proclamation No. 1298/2023, mandate active collaboration between Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) institutions and industries, these partnerships continue to be fragmented, informal, and inconsistently implemented across institutions and regions. As a result, challenges related to graduate employability, practical skills acquisition, workforce readiness, and cooperative training effectiveness persist. This study undertakes a qualitative systematic review to synthesize existing evidence on TVET–industry linkage practices, challenges, governance arrangements, and policy gaps in Ethiopia. The review is guided by Human Capital Theory and the Skill Mismatch Model to explain the relationship between training quality, industry engagement, and graduate employability outcomes. A total of 30 peer-reviewed articles and relevant policy documents, retrieved from Scopus and Google Scholar, were selected through systematic database searches following PRISMA guidelines and appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist. Thematic synthesis involving coding, categorization, and interpretive analysis was employed to identify recurring themes across studies. The synthesis reveals five major thematic clusters: (1) weak enterprise participation and cooperative training deficiencies; (2) curriculum–labour market misalignment; (3) governance fragmentation and exclusionary policy formulation; (4) resource constraints and institutional capacity gaps; and (5) emerging digital transformation challenges. Cross-cutting findings indicate that these challenges are systemic and mutually reinforcing rather than isolated. The review proposes an evidence-based integrated framework for strengthening TVET–industry partnerships in Ethiopia, emphasizing binding governance mechanisms, inclusive policy development, curriculum co-design, institutionalized incentive systems, and digital capacity-building.
Abstract: Industry–TVET linkage remains a persistent policy challenge in Ethiopia, driven by a continuing mismatch between technical and vocational education outcomes and evolving labour market demands. Although successive policy reforms and legal frameworks, most recently TVET Proclamation No. 1298/2023, mandate active collaboration between Technical and Vo...
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Research Article
Pre-Extension Demonstration and Evaluation of BAERC Model Engine Driven Coffee Dehuller in East Wollega Zone, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 4, August 2026
Pages:
73-81
Received:
10 August 2026
Accepted:
24 August 2026
Published:
29 September 2026
Abstract: Coffee agriculture is critical to the Ethiopian economy, with around a quarter of the people relying on it directly or indirectly for survival. Yet there are still problems associated with the way coffee is currently processed that underscore the need for mechanized alternative capable of improving efficiency, preserve coffee quality and boost smallholder income. Cognizant of this engine operated coffee dehuller was demonstrated with the specific objectives of enhancing farmers’ awareness of coffee dehuller, evaluating its performance, and assessing participant stakeholders’ feedback. The participants were determined through purposive sampling out of the households residing in Gammachis and Falamo-Yubdo kebeles. Data were gathered focus group discussions, measurement and observation and were analyzed adopting simple deceptive statistics. The result revealed that total cost of operation for coffee dehulling by BAERC coffee dehuller were found 77% cheaper than the traditional method of dehulling done by woody pestle and mortar, The saving in time also 89.58 in percent. This result could typically support the conclusion that adoption and use of demonstrated dehuller. Therefore, the machine was recommended to scaling up and diffusion for greater impacts.
Abstract: Coffee agriculture is critical to the Ethiopian economy, with around a quarter of the people relying on it directly or indirectly for survival. Yet there are still problems associated with the way coffee is currently processed that underscore the need for mechanized alternative capable of improving efficiency, preserve coffee quality and boost smal...
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