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Antibacterial Effects of Chemical Constituents Isolated from the Roots of Cordia myxa (Boraginaceae) on Salmonella typhi (Enterobacteriaceae)
Dabole Bernard,
Matcheme Mathieu,
Moussa Djaouda,
Abdou Tchoukoua,
Wakayansam Bouba Romeo,
Meli Alain,
Loura Benoit
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2021
Pages:
1-7
Received:
22 January 2021
Accepted:
30 January 2021
Published:
10 February 2021
Abstract: Cordia myxa is a Cameroonian pharmacopoeia traditional plant. It belongs to the Boraginaceae family, which different parts are used in the treatment of various bacterial infections. The phytochemical screening carried out on the Cordia myxa species indicates the presence of alkaloids, triterpenes, steroids, carbohydrates, flavonoids and saponins. Our investigations on the roots of this plant allowed us to isolate two triterpenes from the ethyl acetate extract, which crystallize in the Hex/AcEt [2/8] solvent system; (23R) campesta-9 (11), 24 (30) diene-18,23-diol 3-O-α-rhamnopyranoside (compound 1) and alphitolic acid (compound 2). The isolation and characterization of these compounds were carried out respectively by silica gel chromatography and by NMR (1D, 2D) spectral analysis. Compound 1and 2 were tested on the in vitro growth of E.coli and Salmonella typhi using the Muller-Hinton solid medium disc method. The results revealed that these compounds have a dose-dependent antibacterial activity on Salmonella typhi. However, compound 2 had a better antibacterial potential on the Salmonella strain (18.6±0.6mm, 30mg/ml) with the MIC=0.25mg/ml than the compound 1 (14.5±0.4mm, 30mg/ml,) with the MIC=0.44mg/ml. Few classes of antibiotics have been tested, to look for those with the best results and compare the different doses of our compounds. The two compounds did not have any effect on E. coli.
Abstract: Cordia myxa is a Cameroonian pharmacopoeia traditional plant. It belongs to the Boraginaceae family, which different parts are used in the treatment of various bacterial infections. The phytochemical screening carried out on the Cordia myxa species indicates the presence of alkaloids, triterpenes, steroids, carbohydrates, flavonoids and saponins. O...
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Adsorption of Triterpene Extracts of Momordica charantia (Cucurbitaceae) Leaves by Local Kaolin from Boboyo, Far North Region (Cameroon)
Wangmene Bagamla,
Djakba Raphael,
Harouna Massai,
Loura Benguellah Benoit
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2021
Pages:
8-20
Received:
18 January 2021
Accepted:
26 January 2021
Published:
4 March 2021
Abstract: Plant extracts are nowadays cited as suitable tools for better protection of stored grains insect pest attacks. These chemical insecticides are less attractive to producers because of their low persistence and difficulty to use as pure product. The present work aimed to study the formulation through adsorption of tetracyclic triterpene of the leaves of Momordica charantia (Cucurbitaceae) on kaolin. tetracyclic triterpene was obtained by macerated in methanol solvent. In this study, we tested the technical properties of kaolin physically and chemically, which include XRF, XRD, and FTIR. Based on the XRF test, the main composition of kaolin, SiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, K2O, Na2O, SO3, P2O5 were 45.41, 20.54, 8.10, 0.13, 0.79, 01.10, 01.09, 0.04, and 0.03% respectively, while the rest were impurities. The FTIR spectra showed the functional groups of Al-OH, Al-O and Si-O. While the XRD diffractogram identified kaolinite as the main mineral phase in the presence of quartz, muscovite, and grossite tested in small quantities in the sample. The experimental parameters such as contact time, adsorbent dose, initial concentration of extract of triterpene and temperature were studied. The study revealed that the maximum quantity of adsorption is reached after 10 minutes, it is believed that the quantities adsorbed with the increase in the concentration of the adsorbate and quantities adsorbed decreases with the increase of the mass of the clay and temperature. The adsorbent showed good potential for adsorption with a maximum take up of 0.34 mg/g. The equilibrium data were well fitted by the Langmuir isotherm. Thermodynamic parameters suggested that the adsorption involved a chemical process, spontaneous, and endothermic in nature. The kinetic study showed that the second-order model gives a better description of the kinetics of the adsorption reaction. The study of the adsorption of triterpene extract by kaolinite can be used for a powdery formulation of insecticide.
Abstract: Plant extracts are nowadays cited as suitable tools for better protection of stored grains insect pest attacks. These chemical insecticides are less attractive to producers because of their low persistence and difficulty to use as pure product. The present work aimed to study the formulation through adsorption of tetracyclic triterpene of the leave...
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Effect of Pterocarpus erinaceus Stem Bark Extracts on Haematological Parameters in Malaria Induced Anaemic Mice
Ibrahim Mohammed,
Hauwa’u Shuaibu Mohammed,
Modibbo Abdullahi Abubakar
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2021
Pages:
21-25
Received:
24 February 2021
Accepted:
13 March 2021
Published:
16 April 2021
Abstract: Traditionally Pterocarpus erinaceus stem bark have being widely used in treatment of anemia. The goal of this examination is to explore the viability of Pterocarpus erinaceus stem bark removes on jungle fever initiated paleness. Anaemia was induced by inoculation of 2ml of infected blood containing 0.1 x 107 Plasmodium beghei. The sickly mice were treated with 250 and 500mg/body weight of watery and ethanolic concentrates of Pterocarpus erinaceus stem bark for four days. The results shows that there is significant (P>0.005) increase in both haematological parameters (PCV, Hb and RBC), haematological indices (MCV, MCH and MCHC) and immunological parameters (WBC, platelets, neutrophils and lymphocytes) in malaria control compared to normal. Oral administration of 250 and 500mg/kg body weight of aqueous and ethanolic extract of Pterocarpus erinaceus stem bark shows significant increase (p>0.05) in haematological parameters compared to malaria control. There were significant improvement in WBC, platelets, neutrophils, hympolytes and MCH. Compared to malaria control. The anaemic mice treated with 250/500mg/kg body weight of ethanolic extract showed significant improvement in both haematological and immunological parameters tested. These result suggest that Pterocarpus erinaceus stem bark can he used in managing anemia.
Abstract: Traditionally Pterocarpus erinaceus stem bark have being widely used in treatment of anemia. The goal of this examination is to explore the viability of Pterocarpus erinaceus stem bark removes on jungle fever initiated paleness. Anaemia was induced by inoculation of 2ml of infected blood containing 0.1 x 107 Plasmodium beghei. The sickly mice were ...
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Arsenic (III) Biosorption with Fenugreek (Methi) Seed Powder as a Low-cost Biosorbent
Vijayarani Allam,
Sailaja Budati Bala Venkata,
Sirisha David
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2021
Pages:
26-31
Received:
4 May 2021
Accepted:
21 May 2021
Published:
27 May 2021
Abstract: This research study focuses at the use of fenugreek seed powder as a bio adsorbent for removing arsenic from aqueous media. Metal biosorption research on Fenugreek seed powder has been studied in just a few studies. SEM, FTIR, and XRD were used to investigate the constituents and properties of fenugreek seed powder, which revealed the constituents and properties that enabled the arsenic biosorption process to succeed. To investigate the strength of arsenic adsorption using Fenugreek seed powder as a bioadsorbent, the effects of primary parameters including contact time, dose, concentration, pH, and temperature were used. The report of these parameters suggested that as the parameters increased, the efficient removal of arsenic increased until equilibrium was reached, but no successful results were seen after gaining the equilibrium. The biosorption process to Freundlich isotherm and pseudo kinetic order in liner form with better correlation coefficients was verified by a survey of biosorption isotherms and kinetic results. The system was endothermic, random, and favourable with biosorption characteristics at various temperatures, as determined by the thermodynamic constants. As a result of these findings, fenugreek seed powder has been modified for arsenic adsorption.
Abstract: This research study focuses at the use of fenugreek seed powder as a bio adsorbent for removing arsenic from aqueous media. Metal biosorption research on Fenugreek seed powder has been studied in just a few studies. SEM, FTIR, and XRD were used to investigate the constituents and properties of fenugreek seed powder, which revealed the constituents ...
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Preparation of Nano-hydroxyapatite Obtained from Lates Calcarifer Fish Bone by Alkaline Hydrolysis Method
Le Ho Khanh Hy,
Dao Viet Ha,
Pham Xuan Ky,
Nguyen Phuong Anh,
Phan Bao Vy,
Doan Thi Thiet
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2021
Pages:
32-40
Received:
20 May 2021
Accepted:
11 June 2021
Published:
22 June 2021
Abstract: Fish bone by-products are considered as abundant and cheap sources of Hydroxyapatite (HAp). The preparation of HAp powders from fish bones not only contributes to improving the added value of by-products but also reduces undesirable impacts on the environment. In this study, nano-HAp was successfully obtained from Lates calcarifer fish bone originated from a seafood export company in Khanh Hoa province. After pretreatment of fish bones for removing organic matters, the bones were under alkaline hydrolysis at 200°C within different time intervals of 30 mins, 1 and 1.5 hours. Results of XRD and SEM analysis showed that the calcium formed was HAP and it possessed an average size of 50-64 nm. The values of the Ca/P molar ratio from 1.896 to 1.921 prove that the nano-HAp powders are B-type biological hydroxyapatites which have been confirmed by FTIR spectrum. In addition, the contents of heavy metals such as As, Pb, Hg, Cd are measured by emission spectrophotometer and detected within safety limits of regulatory requirements of Vietnam regulation and US Pharmacopeia for food and dietary supplement standard. These properties show that nano-HAp from Lates calcarifer fish bone are applicable and to be used as an input material in food and medicine field.
Abstract: Fish bone by-products are considered as abundant and cheap sources of Hydroxyapatite (HAp). The preparation of HAp powders from fish bones not only contributes to improving the added value of by-products but also reduces undesirable impacts on the environment. In this study, nano-HAp was successfully obtained from Lates calcarifer fish bone origina...
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