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Numerical Simulation of Dam-Break Flood Routing and Sediment Erosion and Deposition Under Different Rainfall Conditions
Shi Zhen Ming,
Hou Zhuo Lin,
Zhang Qing Zhao,
Zhu Chun An,
Qin Hao
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
269-282
Received:
14 October 2021
Accepted:
5 November 2021
Published:
12 November 2021
Abstract: Landslide dam is a natural dam body formed by collapse, landslide and debris flow. The flood caused by dam break will cause significant risk to the downstream of the dam. Under the effect of rainfall environment, the erosion and deposition rate of flood and sediment in the downstream of the dam will be affected. This paper takes Tangjiashan dam as the research object, establishes the digital elevation model of the downstream channel according to the field survey and geological data, establishes the two-dimensional unsteady hydrodynamic model with the help of MIKE 21, explores the material movement law of the dam break flood in the downstream channel, and analyzes the influence of rainfall on the distribution of sediment deposition rate and sediment transport rate in the dam break flood The variation of riverbed thickness and the influence of flood sediment concentration rate. Based on the rainfall of dam break flood, this paper studies the sediment erosion and deposition law of dam break flood under different rainfall conditions. The results show that the occurrence of rainfall can significantly increase the sediment holding capacity of dam break flood. Under different rainfall intensities; The sediment deposition rate in floods will be affected by rainfall. The sediment deposition rate under the condition of rainfall is higher than that under the condition of no rainfall; Increasing rainfall intensity will increase the sedimentation thickness of the river bed near the collapse of the Tangjiashan dam, such as the collapse of the Shuimogou ditch. Based on the relevant research conclusions under different rainfall conditions, this paper could provide significant theoretical guidance for the flood erosion law of dam breaks and downstream rescue work.
Abstract: Landslide dam is a natural dam body formed by collapse, landslide and debris flow. The flood caused by dam break will cause significant risk to the downstream of the dam. Under the effect of rainfall environment, the erosion and deposition rate of flood and sediment in the downstream of the dam will be affected. This paper takes Tangjiashan dam as ...
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The Prognostic Value of Preoperative Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio in the Penile Cancer: Meta Analysis
Yang Zeng,
Zheng Shuchan,
Xie Qun
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
283-289
Received:
17 October 2021
Accepted:
8 November 2021
Published:
12 November 2021
Abstract: Objection: To evaluate the preoperative neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in the prognosis of penile cancer. Methods: From the establishment of the database to January 2021, search for the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, CNKI, Wanfang database, papers that meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria will be obtained for meta analysis using RevMan 5.1 software and STATA 15.0 software. Results: Include 7 studies with 812 patients. The overall survival rate (HR=2.83 95% CI: 1.96-4.08, P<0.001) and progression-free survival rate (HR=1.62 95% CI: 1.17-2.23, P=0.004) of patients with preoperative high NLR was low; the overall survival of patients with positive lymph node metastasis (HR=4.13 95% CI: 2.47-6.90), P<0.001), progression-free survival (HR=3.88 95% CI: 2.15-5.32, P<0.001) is low; lymph node metastasis rate in patients with low NLR (OR=6.99 95%CI: 3.69-13.24, P<0.001) lower. Conclusions: Preoperative high NLR predicts a shorter overall survival rate and progression-free survival rate in patients with penile cancer. It can be considered that NLR is a simple and effective preoperative inflammatory index for predicting the prognosis of patients with penile cancer. It may provide a new perspective and help for clinical work, which will be good news for patients with penile cancer and clinicians.
Abstract: Objection: To evaluate the preoperative neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in the prognosis of penile cancer. Methods: From the establishment of the database to January 2021, search for the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, CNKI, Wanfang database, papers that meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria will be obtained for meta analysis using RevMan 5.1 ...
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Quantitative Analysis of Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Traditional Villages in Hunan Province
Yao Wang,
Sun Yuan,
Yin Xi
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
290-296
Received:
10 October 2021
Accepted:
9 November 2021
Published:
12 November 2021
Abstract: This study takes 658 traditional villages in Hunan province as the research object. Relying on ArcGIS geographic information system, the traditional villages in Hunan province were abstracted into point sets with attribute information. By means of average nearest neighbor distance analysis, kernel density analysis and intercity distribution comparison, the basic geographical characteristics of traditional villages in Hunan province were summarized, that is, significant agglomeration distribution, three agglomeration areas and uneven intercity distribution. Multiple types of natural geographical factors were superimposed, such as elevation, slope aspect, slope, river, water systems, annual precipitation and annual average temperature, so as to analyze the impact of elevation topography, river system and climate conditions on village site selection. With the help of geographic detector tool, the correlation between elevation, slope, water system, annual average temperature, annual precipitation and village distribution was quantitatively analyzed. Through the analysis of correlation degree, interaction and single factor characteristics, it is concluded that natural geographical factors are related to village distribution and multiple factors interact with each other. Based on the quantitative analysis of interactions between traditional villages and the natural environment, the distribution characteristics of traditional villages have been summarized, providing reference for the subsequent systematic research and protection of traditional villages.
Abstract: This study takes 658 traditional villages in Hunan province as the research object. Relying on ArcGIS geographic information system, the traditional villages in Hunan province were abstracted into point sets with attribute information. By means of average nearest neighbor distance analysis, kernel density analysis and intercity distribution compari...
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Study on Spatial Optimization of Urban Waterfront from the Perspective of Urban Renewal -- A Case Study of Dongguan Watertown Functional Area
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
297-302
Received:
27 October 2021
Accepted:
8 November 2021
Published:
12 November 2021
Abstract: As an important public open space in the city, the spatial optimization of the waterfront is related to the overall style of the key urban areas and the quality of life of residents. Urban renewal combined with the waterfront space can effectively improve the vitality of the city and promote the development of the city. Due to the existing urban design itself for the material form of the emphasis and the lack of legal effect, the reality of waterfront space is still facing many problems, urgently need to be optimized. Urban renewal combined with waterfront space is a practical and efficient development path. Dongguan water function areas, for example, analyzing large river flood in the city plays an important role, based on space situation, under the background of urban renewal, from water body restoration, bank and revetment, roads and Bridges, the skyline and such, around the architecture and functions of five levels, to explore how the dongguan water function areas have local characteristics of waterfront space design, And put forward the optimization strategy. Centering on the aspects of ecology, culture and function, the overall planning strategy is put forward: combining ecology to create green waterfront space, combining culture to create characteristic waterfront space, combining function to create poetic waterfront space.
Abstract: As an important public open space in the city, the spatial optimization of the waterfront is related to the overall style of the key urban areas and the quality of life of residents. Urban renewal combined with the waterfront space can effectively improve the vitality of the city and promote the development of the city. Due to the existing urban de...
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Study on Energy-saving Design of Immigrant Residential Buildings in Midwestern Ningxia
Li Xueping,
Shen Yongcheng,
Zhang Yin,
Liu Jiao
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
303-307
Received:
27 September 2021
Accepted:
4 November 2021
Published:
12 November 2021
Abstract: Based on the investigation of the indoor thermal environment of rural immigrant residential buildings in Shapotou District, Zhongwei City, Ningxia Province, the indoor thermal environment is tested and analyzed. Combined with the local geographical conditions and economic development, the external envelope structure is optimized, and the energy-saving transformation scheme of the envelope structure is put forward. The energy consumption analysis model is established by DeST software, The energy consumption of immigrant residential buildings before and after reconstruction is simulated. The results show that the maximum indoor natural temperature of the reconstructed building in the coldest month is increased by 6.45°C, the minimum temperature is increased by 4.51°C, the average temperature is increased by 5.57°C, and the building energy efficiency is increased by 63.4%. The cumulative load reduction of four immigrant villages in one year is converted into standard coal of about 3900t. The results provide a theoretical basis for improving the indoor thermal environment and reducing building energy consumption of immigrant residential buildings, and provide a reference for the development of residential buildings suitable for the local climate.
Abstract: Based on the investigation of the indoor thermal environment of rural immigrant residential buildings in Shapotou District, Zhongwei City, Ningxia Province, the indoor thermal environment is tested and analyzed. Combined with the local geographical conditions and economic development, the external envelope structure is optimized, and the energy-sav...
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Comparison of Damage Models of Reinforced Concrete Columns and Research on Improved Stiffness Model
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
308-313
Received:
14 October 2021
Accepted:
8 November 2021
Published:
12 November 2021
Abstract: Based on the test data of reinforced concrete (RC) columns published in Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) database, three existing typical seismic damage models are studied, and the distribution law of damage index of the same member calculated by energy dissipation model, stiffness degradation model and Park-Ang model are summarized. The relative stiffness with the yield stiffness as the reference is constructed, and the stiffness model is improved to solve the problems that the original stiffness model is too sensitive to the initial damage and the calculation accuracy is not high. The data show that the new model has high accuracy in calculating the damage index of components under earthquake. Comparing the damage index calculated by the model with the apparent damage phenomenon of each stage of the specimen, and comparing the damage development index of different models, it is found that the stiffness model is the most accurate to evaluate the damage. The damage grade evaluation standard based on stiffness degradation is proposed, and the damage indexes under three different damage states of Concrete Cracking, Significant Concrete Spalling and Long Bar Buckling are analyzed. The results show that the damage index calculated by the damage assessment method based on stiffness degradation has good correlation under different damage states.
Abstract: Based on the test data of reinforced concrete (RC) columns published in Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) database, three existing typical seismic damage models are studied, and the distribution law of damage index of the same member calculated by energy dissipation model, stiffness degradation model and Park-Ang model are summa...
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Mechanism of Transfer Story Beam-column in High-rise Buildings
Chen Zhaorong,
Cai Zhili,
Bai Zhongkui,
Zhao Zhen
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
314-320
Received:
15 October 2021
Accepted:
5 November 2021
Published:
12 November 2021
Abstract: The structural layout of the transfer floor is easy to cause the discontinuity of vertical components, Sudden change of floor lateral stiffness and floor shear capacity, they were unfavorable to the calculation of the overall index of the structure. In order to study the working mechanism of single span transfer beam on the first floor of high-rise building structure with or without interaction with wall, the mechanism of the beam and column was analyzed in the transfer layer of high-rise buildings, and the calculation methods of sectional moment for inertia beam and wall by using the calculation method of bending stiffness was put forward. A simple method for calculating the according to the different arrangement of the shear wall on the single-span transfer beam was deduced, the combined action of the transfer beam-shear wall and the non-combined action of the transfer beam-shear wall has been analyzed and calculated. The results show that, when the full span of the shear wall is arranged on the transfer beam and the deformation coordination is considered, the following conclusions are verified: the flexural rigidity of the transfer beam is suitable for the joint action of the beam and the shear wall of the upper layer ( 5 times amplification); Under the "arching effect", the transfer beam and the upper shear wall transform the vertical force into the horizontal support thrust, which increases the shear force of the frame pillar. It should be considered in the design. It can be used as a reference for engineering construction and design colleagues.
Abstract: The structural layout of the transfer floor is easy to cause the discontinuity of vertical components, Sudden change of floor lateral stiffness and floor shear capacity, they were unfavorable to the calculation of the overall index of the structure. In order to study the working mechanism of single span transfer beam on the first floor of high-rise...
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Research on Rural Real Scene Model Measurement Based on POS Aerial Triangulation Technology
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
321-328
Received:
27 October 2021
Accepted:
5 November 2021
Published:
12 November 2021
Abstract: Rural development has always been one of the key and difficult problems in China, such as rural natural disaster monitoring, rural land resources and homestead management, rural cultural and tourism development, comprehensive management of rural environment and so on. In this paper, POS aerial triangulation technology is combined with rural areas, and the three-dimensional rural real scene is modeled and digitized, which brings a new idea to rural development and governance. In this paper, the consumer UAV is used to complete the rural low altitude aerial photography, and the rural 3D model reconstruction is completed based on the smart3d platform. The specific principle of POS assisted aerial triangulation is analyzed and the three-dimensional modeling process based on UAV aerial photography is displayed. Through experiments, it is verified that POS assisted aerial triangulation technology without ground control points can realize the 1:1 establishment of three-dimensional real scene model. The side length and height information can be read on the model, and the accuracy is high. At the same time, it puts forward the possibility and convenience of three-dimensional real scene model for house and land ownership registration. In the scene of site constraints and topographic conditions, POS assisted aerial triangulation without ground control points has the application value of emergency rescue, and has a certain practical significance for rural geological disaster monitoring.
Abstract: Rural development has always been one of the key and difficult problems in China, such as rural natural disaster monitoring, rural land resources and homestead management, rural cultural and tourism development, comprehensive management of rural environment and so on. In this paper, POS aerial triangulation technology is combined with rural areas, ...
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The Boundary Regularity for Normalized Infinity Laplace Equations
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
329-334
Received:
11 October 2021
Accepted:
9 November 2021
Published:
12 November 2021
Abstract: Infinity Laplace equations, which derive from minimal Lipschitz extensions and absolutely minimal variational problems, have been widely applied in zero-sum tug-of-war game, optimal transport, shape deformation and so on. However, due to the quasi-linearity, extreme degeneration (non-degeneration only in the gradient direction) and non-divergence of the equations, it is difficult to define its classical or weak solutions. After introducing the idea of viscosity solutions, the theoretical research of infinite Laplace equations begin to develop. We study the boundary Hölder regularity of solutions for inhomogeneous normalized infinite Laplace equations on bounded domains. Main ideas are as follows: Firstly, we get bounded estimate of solutions through constructing barrier functions about super(sub)-solutions. Secondly, we use iterative method to approach the solutions of equations. Finally, we obtain regularity estimates near the boundary by calculating error between barrier functions and solutions of equations. This paper proves that the visvosity solutions of inhomogeneous normalized infinite Laplace equations are Hölder continious on Lipschitz boundary provided that the region boundary is Lipschitz continuous, the right inhomogeneous term is positive (negative) continuous and the boundary values are Hölder continuous. On the basis of our conclusion, the global Hölder regularity theory of the normalized infinite Laplace equations can be obtained combining with the internal regularity estimates. In addition, this method can be extended to the boundary estimates of the infinite fractional Laplace equations.
Abstract: Infinity Laplace equations, which derive from minimal Lipschitz extensions and absolutely minimal variational problems, have been widely applied in zero-sum tug-of-war game, optimal transport, shape deformation and so on. However, due to the quasi-linearity, extreme degeneration (non-degeneration only in the gradient direction) and non-divergence o...
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Characteristics of Trace Elements in Molybdenite and Its Application in Mineral Deposits
Sun Pengcheng,
Li Chao,
Zhou Limin,
Qu Wenjun,
Li Xinwei,
Zhao Hong,
Du Andao
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
335-339
Received:
31 October 2021
Accepted:
13 November 2021
Published:
17 November 2021
Abstract: Previous studies on molybdenite are mainly focused on Re-Os dating for a deposit, by contrast there have relatively little on trace elements in molybdenite. On the basis of statistical summarizing the previous research results, this paper discusses the variation of trace elements of molybdenite in various deposits and the combination of the different trace elements in molybdenite of different deposits, which is expected to expand its application in mineral deposit science. The results show that Re and W contents in molybdenite have the potential to be used as tracer to trace its sources. Molybdenite in different types of deposits has different trace elements composition and content, which mainly depends on the ore-forming fluids. Trace elements exist in various states in molybdenite, including isomorphic substitution, inclusion, adsorption and so on. Elements such as Re, W, Se, Te and Nb can enter the molybdenite lattice by replacing Mo or S, while Pb, Zr, Fe and REE those elements mainly appear as mineral inclusions. Most trace elements (for Fe, Cu, Te, etc.) are positively correlated, which may indicate that their sources are in similiar among each other. A few trace elements were negatively correlated with each other, which may reflect the different in their sources.
Abstract: Previous studies on molybdenite are mainly focused on Re-Os dating for a deposit, by contrast there have relatively little on trace elements in molybdenite. On the basis of statistical summarizing the previous research results, this paper discusses the variation of trace elements of molybdenite in various deposits and the combination of the differe...
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Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Exercise Intervention on Improving the Executive Function of College Students
Yang Qun,
He Jia Xin,
Li Duan Ying,
Ding Shi Cong,
Xie He Zhi,
Chan Zai,
Sun Jian
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
340-347
Received:
28 October 2021
Accepted:
13 November 2021
Published:
17 November 2021
Abstract: Objective To systematically evaluate the effects of different exercise styles on executive function of college students through a meta-analysis of relevant literatures at home and abroad, and to provide evidence-based reference for future studies on mental health and teaching. Method to "aerobic exercise" and "movement" executive function, "cognitive" "college students/female college students" "aerobic exercise/exercise" seven "executive function" keywords retrieval at home and abroad, such as database, retrieval time for January 2021. Literature screening was conducted, and a total of 6 relevant studies were included with high literature quality scores. Meta-analysis was performed on the fixed model. Results The combined effect size of exercise intervention on inhibition function of college students [SMD=2.73, 95%CI: 0.99 ~ 3.48, P < 0.01]. The combined effect size of exercise intervention on refresh function of college students [SMD=-82.52, 95%CI:-127.89 ~ -37.15, P < 0.01]; the combined effect size of exercise intervention on the conversion function of college students [SMD=-98.48, 95%CI:-168.56 ~ -28.39, P < 0.01]. Conclusion Aerobic exercise and bicycle can effectively improve the executive function of college students, while resistance exercise has no improvement effect. the exercise intervention of 30-50min/time has the best effect on improving the inhibition function, conversion function and refresh function of college students. The short-term intervention of 1-2 weeks or the intervention of 8 weeks can improve the inhibition function, conversion function and refresh function of college students. there is no gender difference in the improvement effect of exercise intervention on executive function of college students.
Abstract: Objective To systematically evaluate the effects of different exercise styles on executive function of college students through a meta-analysis of relevant literatures at home and abroad, and to provide evidence-based reference for future studies on mental health and teaching. Method to "aerobic exercise" and "movement" executive function, "cogniti...
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Study on Dynamic Characteristics of Loess Slope Reinforced by Prestressed Anchor Cables Under Earthquake
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
348-353
Received:
28 September 2021
Accepted:
15 November 2021
Published:
17 November 2021
Abstract: As a commonly used method to reinforce slopes, prestressed anchor cables can effectively prevent slope instability. To study the dynamic response characteristics of loess slopes reinforced with prestressed anchor cables under earthquake action. Taking a slope in Yan'an as an example, using MIDAS/GTS numerical simulation, a model of loess slope reinforced by prestressed anchor cables under earthquake action is established, and the dynamics are analyzed in terms of slope displacement, horizontal and vertical velocity, maximum principal stress, and anchor cable axial force. Based on the response characteristics, the influence of peak seismic acceleration and ground motion duration on the stability of loess slopes is analyzed. The results show that under the action of an earthquake, the range of displacement and velocity of the slope surface is larger than that of the inside of the slope, and the slope surface is more prone to instability. The seismic wave has little effect on the axial force of the anchor cable at the same elevation. The displacement of the slope increases with the increase of the seismic peak acceleration, and the input peak acceleration is every time With an increase of 0.1g, the deformation at the slope surface S5 increases by 0.014m, and the slope displacement changes significantly with the change of the duration of the ground motion, increasing continuously.
Abstract: As a commonly used method to reinforce slopes, prestressed anchor cables can effectively prevent slope instability. To study the dynamic response characteristics of loess slopes reinforced with prestressed anchor cables under earthquake action. Taking a slope in Yan'an as an example, using MIDAS/GTS numerical simulation, a model of loess slope rein...
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Study on Indoor Thermal Environment of Traditional Dwellings in the Watery Town in Suzhou in Winter
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
354-359
Received:
9 October 2021
Accepted:
15 November 2021
Published:
17 November 2021
Abstract: Traditional dwellings have their own characteristics and values in the construction of indoor thermal environment. In order to analyze the current situation of thermal environment of dwellings in Southern Region of the Yangze River. This paper takes traditional dwellings in the watery town in Suzhou as the research object, and studies the indoor thermal environment in winter through field measurement of indoor and outdoor temperature and relative humidity of dwellings in winter, questionnaire survey and PMV-PPD thermal evaluation system. The results show that the average indoor temperature is 7.5°C, humidity of residential is 72%, the average predicted thermal sensation vote is -2.79, the predicted dissatisfaction is over 90%, and the indoor thermal environment dissatisfaction in public questionnaire survey is 20.83%, which is far from the predicted dissatisfaction PPD. It shows that the vote of hot feeling underestimates the residents' tolerance for the environment, and corrects the deviation of PMV value through adaptive coefficient. The revised aPMV value is greater than PMV value, but the thermal and humidity environment level is still Class III, which does not meet the living conditions. Water source heat pump can be used as a heating method in winter to improve the thermal environment, which can provide reference for improving indoor thermal environment of residential buildings in water towns.
Abstract: Traditional dwellings have their own characteristics and values in the construction of indoor thermal environment. In order to analyze the current situation of thermal environment of dwellings in Southern Region of the Yangze River. This paper takes traditional dwellings in the watery town in Suzhou as the research object, and studies the indoor th...
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Seismic Isolation Technology Based on Green Building in Prefabricated Assembly Research Application in Structure
Chen Zhaorong,
Cai Zhili,
Zeng Changluo,
Bai Zhongkui,
Du Shishuai
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
360-365
Received:
30 October 2021
Accepted:
13 November 2021
Published:
17 November 2021
Abstract: Green construction aims to provide a healthy, comfortable and efficient use of space for human beings to live in harmony with nature. The related concepts and policies of green construction are discussed, and several ways to realize green construction are introduced. Prefabricated assembly integral structure is one of the main ways of green construction. Prefabricated assembly integral structure has the characteristics of poor overall performance and weak node connection under strong earthquake. Base isolation technology is proposed to improve its seismic performance. The seismic isolation model and non-seismic isolation model of prefabricated integrated frame structure are established, and the floor shear and floor displacement of different models under various fortification intensities are compared under strong earthquakes. The favorable factors affecting the seismic performance of prefabricated structures by base isolation technology are systematically summarized.
Abstract: Green construction aims to provide a healthy, comfortable and efficient use of space for human beings to live in harmony with nature. The related concepts and policies of green construction are discussed, and several ways to realize green construction are introduced. Prefabricated assembly integral structure is one of the main ways of green constru...
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Oxygen Reduction Catalyst for Active Corrosion Protection of Epoxy Coating
Meng Cheng,
Junhao Liu,
Shuangqing Sun,
Songqing Hu
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
366-370
Received:
26 October 2021
Accepted:
16 November 2021
Published:
17 November 2021
Abstract: Metal corrosion has spread all over all aspects of national economy and life, causing serious economic losses and ecological hazards. Because of its excellent protective effect and universality, coating has become an important choice for metal corrosion protection. Although the conventional coating can realize metal corrosion protection with its shielding effect, the protection performance gradually decreases due to mechanical damage and corrosive species erosion. Based on the actual corrosion reaction process, the concept of nanocatalytic anticorrosion is proposed in this work to realize the long-term protection for metals. Firstly, oxygen reduction catalyst was obtained by confined pyrolysis and added into epoxy resin to prepare a new nanocatalytic anticorrosion coating, and then the protective performance of the coating was studied in detail. The results show that the catalyst adopt a uniform dodecahedral structure with excellent oxygen reduction ability, the half wave potential is 0.85 V. The catalyst added in the coating can spontaneously consume the diffused oxygen in the coating while enhancing the compactness of the coating to block the corrosive medium, reduceing the contribution of the corrosive medium to the corrosion reaction. Therefore, the probability of metal corrosion can be significantly reduced, and the service life of the coating for metal protection has been greatly prolonged.
Abstract: Metal corrosion has spread all over all aspects of national economy and life, causing serious economic losses and ecological hazards. Because of its excellent protective effect and universality, coating has become an important choice for metal corrosion protection. Although the conventional coating can realize metal corrosion protection with its sh...
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Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis of OIIP Estimation Based on Geological Model
Zeng Xing,
Song Heng,
He Congge,
Bo Bing,
Zhao Liangdong,
Liu Yunyang,
Cai Rui
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
371-374
Received:
3 November 2021
Accepted:
23 November 2021
Published:
24 November 2021
Abstract: Due to the limitations of understanding of geological parameters of oil and gas reservoirs, there is an uncertainty in the results of OOIP calculation. Study the oilfield OOIP distribution probability distribution and the sensitivity of relevant key parameters are quite meaningful to make development plan. In this paper, in the process of volumetric calculation based on the oilfield geological model, according to the actual geological conditions of the oilfield, the geological parameters with uncertainty are selected as variables for the uncertainty analysis, the variable types and distribution parameters are reasonably defined. The Monte Carlo sampling method with inplantation of Latin Hypercube principle principle obtains the probability distribution of the geological reserves of the oil field, and evaluates the sensitivity of the various variables to the OOIP. The results provide the recommended P50 geological reserves. This paper shows that analyzing the key influencing parameters of OOIP calculation and setting the variables reasonably, the Monte Carlo-Latin Hypercube sampling method can provide a representative probability distribution with limited sampling count, and can effectively evaluate OOIP uncertainty. Thus, give the recommended OOIP and relivant geological models for numerical simulation research.
Abstract: Due to the limitations of understanding of geological parameters of oil and gas reservoirs, there is an uncertainty in the results of OOIP calculation. Study the oilfield OOIP distribution probability distribution and the sensitivity of relevant key parameters are quite meaningful to make development plan. In this paper, in the process of volumetri...
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Modification Effect of TiO2 Hollow Nanoparticles on Insulating Properties of Transformer Oil
Guangshuai Sun,
Jiawei Liu,
Binzhong Jia,
Baixin Liu,
Yuzhen Lv
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
375-378
Received:
28 October 2021
Accepted:
23 November 2021
Published:
24 November 2021
Abstract: With the promoting of transmission voltage level and the continuous fluctuation of operating conditions by connecting renewable energy into the power system, more stringent requirements have been placed on the operation reliability of transformers and other large electrical equipment. Transformer oil, as the main liquid insulating medium in large power equipment, the modification of its insulating performance has always been research focus in dielectric field. Studies have proved that TiO2 nanomaterials can not only enhance the AC and positive impulse breakdown voltage of transformer oil, but also significantly improve the aging resistance of transformer oil. However, the DC breakdown voltage of transformer oil has not been greatly increased yet, and sometime even weakened. In this paper, TiO2 hollow nanoparticles were prepared by hard template method to modify transformer oil. AC and DC breakdown voltage and dielectric permittivity of transformer oil before and after modification were measured and analyzed. The results show that the AC breakdown voltage of the transformer oil can be increased by 32.5%. DC breakdown voltage was increased first and then reduced with the increasing of nanoparticle concentration, while no obvious improvemnet was observed. Based on breakdown mechanism and permittivity of transformer oil, we think the hollow structure of the nanoparticles can significantly enlarge the interface between particle and oil, which greatly promotes the capturing capability to fast electrons and inhibit their migration in the oil, so the AC breakdown voltage are significantly increased. Under DC stress, nanoparticles can capture electrons and meanwhile migrate along fixed direction, which increased electrical conductivity of oil and resulted in lowering of DC breakdown voltage with the increase of nanoparticle concentration.
Abstract: With the promoting of transmission voltage level and the continuous fluctuation of operating conditions by connecting renewable energy into the power system, more stringent requirements have been placed on the operation reliability of transformers and other large electrical equipment. Transformer oil, as the main liquid insulating medium in large p...
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Reliability of Sensory Test for Japonica Type Rice Cultivars in China
Cui Zhongqiu,
Akihito Kusutani,
Yuji Mastue
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
379-384
Received:
28 October 2021
Accepted:
23 November 2021
Published:
24 November 2021
Abstract: It is of great theoretical and practical significance to construct a scientific taste sensory evaluation method to obtain accurate and reliable data, so as to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the breeding and cultivation technology development of taste japonica rice varieties. In this study, sensory evaluation experiments were carried out based on statistical analysis. Through the analysis of variance of the evaluation results, the identification ability and hobbies of the evaluators were analyzed, and the correlation between them was discussed. The results show that there are significant differences between appraisers and varieties between the two repetitions of the comprehensive evaluation items investigated in this experiment, which verifies the repeatability of sensory evaluation and reveals the feasibility of taste sensory evaluation method. Among the 20 taste tasters participating in the taste evaluation experiment, 16 (80% of all) have low recognition ability for the taste comprehensive evaluation items, of which 6 (30% of all) have different hobbies from the overall tendency of all tasters, so they are considered not suitable to carry out taste evaluation as taste tasters. However, the results also show that the number of evaluators participating in this experiment who have both high recognition ability and high consistency with all hobbies is less. Therefore, in order to obtain more reliable results, it is very necessary to strengthen the training of appraisers and cultivate appraisers with high discrimination ability.
Abstract: It is of great theoretical and practical significance to construct a scientific taste sensory evaluation method to obtain accurate and reliable data, so as to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the breeding and cultivation technology development of taste japonica rice varieties. In this study, sensory evaluation experiments were ca...
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Finite Element Analysis on Seismic Performance of Tubular Web Reduced Section Connection
Wang Peiyi,
Hu Shaowei,
Qi Hao,
Luo Lipeng,
Zhao Xuan,
Nie Ying,
Tao Xiu
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
385-393
Received:
29 October 2021
Accepted:
23 November 2021
Published:
24 November 2021
Abstract: In order to avoid the brittle failure of the weld at the beam and column interface, a new type of prefabricated joint with tubular web reduced section connection (PTWRBS) between concrete-filled square steel tubular column and steel beam was proposed, so that move plastic hinge outward from the contact area of beam and column under earthquake action and be repaired and strengthened rapidly after earthquake. Numerical models of this new joint were established by using the finite element software ABAQUS and validated by test data. The finite element models were used to analyse the mechanical property of the joint under cyclic loading. The load-carrying capacity, hysteretic behaviour and failure mode were compared, and the influence of the thickness of cantilever beam flange, the number of high strength bolts, the widened width of cantilever beam flange and the weakening length of the tubular web beam flange on the seismic behaviour of PTWRBS. The research results showed that the energy dissipation of the joints under earthquake is mainly achieved through the plastic deformation of the tubular web beam section and the friction slip of the high-strength bolted area. The failure mode of the joint is local buckling in the plane of the tubular web beam segment, which realizes the plastic hinge outward from cantilever beam. In the design of the joint, parameters such as the thickness of cantilever beam flange, the number of connecting bolts, the widened width of cantilever beam flange and the weakening length of tubular web beam section flange should be taken into comprehensive consideration and selected reasonably, so as to the transfer of plastic hinge under earthquake action and the rehabilitation of the joint after earthquake could be achieved.
Abstract: In order to avoid the brittle failure of the weld at the beam and column interface, a new type of prefabricated joint with tubular web reduced section connection (PTWRBS) between concrete-filled square steel tubular column and steel beam was proposed, so that move plastic hinge outward from the contact area of beam and column under earthquake actio...
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Dynamic Response of Membrane Structure Under Wind Load
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
394-400
Received:
27 October 2021
Accepted:
24 November 2021
Published:
2 December 2021
Abstract: In this paper, the dynamic response of ship-borne membrane radome under the impact of wind was investigated. Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (Computational Fluid Dynamics), a fluid-structure coupling model was established, to simulate the membrane structure impacted by wind, The influence of the initial velocity of wind, the angle of incidence, the initial pretension of the membrane structure and the tensile shape of the membrane surface on the maximum impact deformation and maximum impact stress of the membrane surface are analyzed. According to the experimental analysis, under the same prestress, the greater the wind speed in the wind field, the more obvious the deformation of the membrane structure; Under the same impact, the greater the pretension, the stronger the impact resistance of the film structure; Under the same prestress, the greater the wind speed in the wind field, the more obvious the deformation of saddle membrane structure; Under the same impact and pretension, the saddle film surface has stronger impact resistance than the plane film surface.
Abstract: In this paper, the dynamic response of ship-borne membrane radome under the impact of wind was investigated. Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (Computational Fluid Dynamics), a fluid-structure coupling model was established, to simulate the membrane structure impacted by wind, The influence of the initial velocity of wind, the angle of incidenc...
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Research on Vehicle Scheduling Problem of Multi Warehouse Collaborative Distribution and Its Application
Kewei Chen,
Fangyan Dong,
Xusheng Wang,
Yuecong Zhu,
Xiaomin Chu,
Kaoru Hirota
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
401-409
Received:
28 October 2021
Accepted:
24 November 2021
Published:
2 December 2021
Abstract: In the modern society with highly developed logistics, while paying attention to structural and functional strategic layout and global scale services, it is also our ultimate goal to pursue efficient transportation / high-quality logistics services, reduce logistics transportation costs and reduce CO2 emissions. This paper proposes a new concept of multi warehouse collaborative distribution Vehicle Dispatching Problem (VDP/MD) and its customization, and provides a solver for complex scenarios in real new transportation problems. Aiming at the VDP/MD problem, an enhanced computing model with hierarchical and multiple structure is introduced, which is calledHIMS++computing model. It consists of three layers: the atomic layer is the fluctuation area of system regulation cost, the molecular layer is the formation area of system stable state, and the individual layer is the optimization decision area of scheduling plan. TheHIMS++model is constructed by using object-oriented programming software components; The optimization algorithm is realized by heuristic probability exploration and fuzzy decision-making method. The experiment was carried out using the 3-day order data obtained from the actual dispatching center in Tokyo Metropolitan Area, which has 27 oil tank vehicles (including 2 types). It is proved that theHIMS++model is more accurate (10% improvement) and faster (12 times) than the results given by experts.HIMS++model is also a convenient tool to solve the actual transportation combination optimization problem (multi parameter, multi constraint and multi-objective optimization problem), This study introduces a novel solution for digital logistics support and accurate Vehicle distribution scheduling.
Abstract: In the modern society with highly developed logistics, while paying attention to structural and functional strategic layout and global scale services, it is also our ultimate goal to pursue efficient transportation / high-quality logistics services, reduce logistics transportation costs and reduce CO2 emissions. This paper proposes a new concept of...
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Cooperative Mechanism and Technology Parameters Optimization of Multi-thermal Fluid Huff & Puff Development in Heavy Oil Reservoir
Bo Bing,
Xu Anzhu,
Zhao Lun,
Shan Fachao,
Liu Minhui,
Yu Wei
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
410-416
Received:
10 September 2021
Accepted:
30 November 2021
Published:
7 December 2021
Abstract: The extra-heavy oil reservoirs in Central Asia have the characteristics of shallow burial, high crude oil viscosity, and strong reservoir heterogeneity. Conventional steam huff&puff have good initial development effects, but because energy cannot be replenished in time, steam huff&puff in the later stages huff&puff production declined fast and the effective production time is short. According to the current situation of oil reservoir development, a development technology combining multi-thermal fluid huff&puff and steam huff&puff is proposed. At the initial stage of production, steam is used to reduce viscosity, and in the later stage, N2 in the multi-thermal fluid is used to pressurize, expand the steam chamber volume, and dissolved CO2 to reduce viscosity. For single wells of different modes, using numerical simulation to design reasonable combined development modes and injection parameters, the research shows that multi-thermal fluid huff&puff after 5 cycles of steam huff&puff can achieve the best oil increase effect, and the best steam injection intensity 10t/m, gas injection intensity of 1500m3/m, 29 wells have been implemented in M heavy oil field in Central Asia. after use the multi-thermal fluid and superheated steam huff&puff coordinated development methods, the average well daily oil increment reached 0.6-4t/d, the water cut is reduced by 10-21%, the oil-steam ratio is increased by 0.4-0.6, realizing the efficient development of shallow buried extra-heavy oil reservoirs.
Abstract: The extra-heavy oil reservoirs in Central Asia have the characteristics of shallow burial, high crude oil viscosity, and strong reservoir heterogeneity. Conventional steam huff&puff have good initial development effects, but because energy cannot be replenished in time, steam huff&puff in the later stages huff&puff production declined fast and the ...
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Effects of Buyang Huanwu Decoction on Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Autophagy Response and GADD34 Expression in Mice with CIRI
Zhou Shengqiang,
Li Bo,
Liu Fang
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
417-423
Received:
19 November 2021
Accepted:
6 December 2021
Published:
7 December 2021
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effects of Buyang Huanwu Decoction on endoplasmic reticulum stress-autophagic response and the expression of GADD34 in ischemic penumbra of mice with CIRI. Methods: The mice were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group and Buyang Huanwu Decoction low-, medium-, and high-dosage groups. The mice were treated by gavage for 7 days before modeling and 24 hours after modeling. CIRI model was established by the thread embolization method. The neurological function was evaluated on the 48 hours after modeling; TTC staining was used to observe the cerebral infarct volume; HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of ischemic penumbra; TUNEL was performed to assess cell apoptosis; Western blot was performed to assess the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress marker protein GRP78 and autophagy marker proteins LC3 and p62; Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR were applied to examine the protein and mRNA expressions of GADD34. Results: Compared with the model group, neurological function score and volume of cerebral infarction were decreased, reperfusion injury of ischemic penumbra was improved with varying degrees, number of apoptotic cells was decreased, expression of GRP78 and p62 protein were down-regulated while ratio of LC3-II/ LC3 –I was up-regulated, and expression of GADD34 protein and mRNA were up-regulated in each Buyang Huanwu Decoction group, with statistical significance (P<0.01). Conclusion Buyang Huanwu Decoction can significantly improve the damaged neurological function, cerebral infarction volume and histopathological damage of ischemic penumbra, as well as reduce the apoptosis cells, which plays a neuroprotective role in mice with CIRI. Its mechanism may be related to up regulating the expression of GADD34, regulating the steady-state balance of endoplasmic reticulum stress autophagy response in ischemic penumbra.
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effects of Buyang Huanwu Decoction on endoplasmic reticulum stress-autophagic response and the expression of GADD34 in ischemic penumbra of mice with CIRI. Methods: The mice were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group and Buyang Huanwu Decoction low-, medium-, and high-dosage groups. The mice were trea...
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Estimation and Its Evolution of CO2 Emission Factors from Heat Power Consumption in China: 2000-2019
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021
Pages:
424-427
Received:
25 December 2021
Accepted:
Published:
29 December 2021
Abstract: CO2 emission of energy consumption includes direct and indirect emission, and CO2 emission of heat power consumption is indirect emission. However, most scholars do not include heat power consumption in CO2 emission calculation of energy consumption, which will result in a certain degree of deviation between calculation results and actual situation, and affect scientificalness and accuracy of research conclusions. Therefor, it is of profound significance to estimate CO2 emission factor from heat power consumption, and which is served as a basis for calculating indirect CO2 emission of heat power consumption. Based on statistical data of energy intermediate and final consumption as well as CO2 emission accounting from heat power production and supply, this paper gives an estimation the CO2 emission factor of national heat power consumption in China from 2000 to 2019. Results are shown as following: Affected by factors such as the changes in CO2 emission efficiency of heating supply and the increase in the proportion of natural geothermal energy in the heat power consumption structure, CO2 emission factor of heat power consumption has shown a downward trend in China, from 0.136 tCO2/GJ to 0.117 tCO2/GJ, which shows a significant decrease. In addition, the estimated result after 2013 is slightly higher than the national standard for heat poweremission factor of 0.110 tCO2/GJ, but this difference is very small in last two years.
Abstract: CO2 emission of energy consumption includes direct and indirect emission, and CO2 emission of heat power consumption is indirect emission. However, most scholars do not include heat power consumption in CO2 emission calculation of energy consumption, which will result in a certain degree of deviation between calculation results and actual situation...
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