Research Article
Comparative Analysis of Different Burner Concepts in a Locally Manufactured Bread-Baking Oven
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 3, June 2024
Pages:
42-51
Received:
23 April 2024
Accepted:
16 May 2024
Published:
30 May 2024
Abstract: The supply and control of heat within an oven with minimal loss is an integral process in optimizing the bread-baking process. Research over the years reports on measures to control heat, however, there is limited data on optimizing burner designs for efficient heat supply. Challenged with enhancing the functionality of a bread baking oven made locally, three different burner concepts (i.e., U, H and Rectangular shaped) were designed, fabricated and evaluated in a locally manufactured bread baking oven. The study investigated the three burner configurations to enhance the locally manufactured ovens' environmental sustainability, cost-effectiveness, and efficiency. The study also assessed each burner design concept's performance in relation to heat distribution, fuel consumption, and emissions through thorough experimentation and analysis. Thermocouples were used to determine the temperature differences within the oven and outside the oven walls to verify heat losses. The results showed that the concept burner design can be used to bake bread with good quality parameters like colour, texture and taste within efficient baking time. Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) analysis performed on the proposed burner design concepts in relation to heat flow show that continuous flow of heat was assured during baking. Also, simulation performed on the baking trays show an acceptable stress and strain levels as well as favorable factor of safety, indicating that the designs proposed is suitable for the purpose. Data analysis performed on the heat generated within the oven chamber considering the lower and upper trays for all the burners evaluated can be ranked in terms of percentage as RB > HB > UB (41.39% > 30.72% > 27.89%). Based on the study conducted, the authors can suggest the best design concept for heat generation in locally manufactured ovens should be rectangular-shaped.
Abstract: The supply and control of heat within an oven with minimal loss is an integral process in optimizing the bread-baking process. Research over the years reports on measures to control heat, however, there is limited data on optimizing burner designs for efficient heat supply. Challenged with enhancing the functionality of a bread baking oven made loc...
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Research Article
Competitive Analysis at the Cournot-Nash Equilibrium of an Interconnected Network
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 3, June 2024
Pages:
52-62
Received:
27 May 2024
Accepted:
14 June 2024
Published:
2 July 2024
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijepe.20241303.12
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Views:
Abstract: The electric power network has long been subject to monopolization, encompassing production, transportation, and distribution sectors. However, recent liberalization efforts have introduced competition into the electricity market. To understand and manage this competition, game theory, a prominent tool in economics, is frequently employed. Specifically, competition within the electricity market has been analyzed through various game-theoretical models, including Bertrand's atomicity, Cournot's homogeneity, and Nash's research competition. These models aim to achieve the Cournot-Nash equilibrium, where each participant in the market makes optimal decisions given the strategies of others. To effectively allocate production and ensure a balance between supply and demand, as well as to maintain the stability of the interconnected network, one has adopted a method that combines Load Flow techniques with game theory principles. This hybrid approach enables a strategic distribution of power production, taking into account the competitive dynamics of the market. By integrating these methodologies, one can address the complexities of competition while ensuring efficient and stable operation of the power grid. This innovative approach not only enhances the management of electricity production and distribution but also fosters a more competitive and resilient power network. Moreover, the application of game theory in this context allows for a deeper understanding of strategic interactions among market participants. It helps in predicting behaviors, formulating strategies, and anticipating market changes, thus providing a robust framework for decision-making. This is particularly crucial in a liberalized market where multiple entities vie for market share and profitability. By employing game-theoretical insights, one can simulate various market scenarios, optimize resource allocation, and enhance overall market efficiency. Furthermore, this approach supports the integration of renewable energy sources by ensuring that their variable nature is accommodated within the grid's operational dynamics. In summary, the intersection of game theory and load flow methods offers a comprehensive solution to the challenges posed by a competitive electricity market, paving the way for a sustainable and efficient energy future.
Abstract: The electric power network has long been subject to monopolization, encompassing production, transportation, and distribution sectors. However, recent liberalization efforts have introduced competition into the electricity market. To understand and manage this competition, game theory, a prominent tool in economics, is frequently employed. Specific...
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,
Offeh Gyimah Kwabena
