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Manually Improved Milk Churning in Yabello Town and Around Area, Borana Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Received: 19 May 2023     Accepted: 12 June 2023     Published: 27 June 2023
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Abstract

A formal survey was carried out from March 2021 to October 2021 in Yabello town and around area, Borana Zone of Oromia regional state using open and closed questionnaires. A semi structured questioner form was used to interview specific group of people about their habits, knowledge, and about milking and milk churning practices. Milking and churning were practiced in the study area using locally made resources. During the demonstration, the interviewed households stated that Okolee (calabash) and Gorfaa are used for milking and holding the collected items. According to the current study, cultural milk processing was solely the responsibility of females, and time spent processing dairy products was covered by women. Furthermore, traditional churning practices of most Ethiopian community have been adopting to give low yield butter per unit of sour milk and require high labor input. As a result, the currently implemented technology concisely explains the barrier of the community problem and finds a solution. The currently modified churning equipment is firmly attached to metal pillars that are 70 cm off the ground. At each churning cycle, it can handle about 25 liters of milk. So maintaining milk quality is enjoyable, and churning has evolved to be comfortable. The churning can revolve favorably because of the moderate height above the floor and the total amount of milk it able to hold at one time to agitating is auspicious to rotate. That is normally how it is mediated by human power in order to operate it. In addition, all members of the family, especially those who are disabled and children are welcome to participate. The present study sought to reduce the enormous workload placed on women. The main objective was to manipulating technologically improved manual milk churning with low effort in pastoral and agro-pastoral communities to produce high-quality butter.

Published in Science Research (Volume 11, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.sr.20231103.15
Page(s) 80-86
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Churning, Livestock, Milk, Pastoral, Technology

References
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[2] Aljaafreh, A., Al-Tahiri, R., Abadleh, A. and Mansour, A. M., 2019. “Automation of Traditional Butter and Ghee Production.” Food and Nutrition Science-An International Journal, 3.
[3] Aljaafreh, A., Al-tahiri, R., Abadleh, A., Mansour, A. M., & Alaqtash, M. (2019). “Design and Development of an Automated and Quality Controlled System for Traditional Butter and Ghee Production.” WSEAS Transactions on Environment and Development, 15, 478-484.
[4] Anderson, K. (2010). “Globalization's effects on world agricultural trade, 1960–2050.”Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 365 (1554), 3007-3021.
[5] Central statical agency (CSA), 2008. “Ethiopia Sample survey Enumeration. Addis Ababa. Ethiopia”.
[6] CSA. 2020a. “Agricultural Sample Survey 2019/20 [2012 E.C.s].” Volume II report on livestock and livestock characteristics (private peasant holdings). Central Statistical Agency (CSA): Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[7] CSA. Agricultural sample survey, 2015/16 (2007 EC). Vol II. “Report on livestock and livestock characteristics. Statistical bulletin 578. FDRE, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.” 2015.
[8] Curry AArchaeology. “The Milk Revolution.” Nature. 2013; 500: 20-22.
[9] Debara, M. and Bekele, M., 2021. “Pre Extension Demonstration of Improved Milk Churner at Sidama Region and Gedio Zone SNNPR.”American Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, 5 (4), pp. 55-59.
[10] Devlet, A. (2021). Modern agriculture and challenges. Frontiers in Life Sciences and Related Technologies, 2 (1), 21-29.
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[12] Feyisa Hundessa, Tesfaye Lemma and Esayas Assefa. (2009). “Demonstration and Evaluation of plastic made improved milk churner in Adami Tulu District of East Shewa.” FRG project 2009 FRG completed research reports 2009.
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[15] Getachew, F. and Asfaw, T., 2003. “Milk and dairy products, post-harvest losses and food safety in sub-Saharan Africa and the Near East.” A review of the smallholder dairy sector-Ethiopia. FAO prevention of food losses program.
[16] Hussien, B. (2019). “Production practices, physicochemical properties and microbiological quality of Ititu (traditionally fermented cow milk) in selected district of Borena zone, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia.”
[17] Staal, S. J., Pratt, A. N. and Jabbar, M. A., 2010. “A comparison of dairy policies and development in South Asia and East Africa.”
[18] Tesfaye Lemma. Estefanos Tadesse and Wole Kinati, (2008). ”Evaluation and demonstration of improved milk churner to FRG around Adami Tulu District.” FRG Project 2008. FRG completed Research reports 2008.
[19] Teshome, B., Wassie, M., Ayinalem, E. and Tefera, G., 2019. “Traditional knowledge of milk production, processing, and utilization in Borena Zone, Ethiopia.” World Journal of Dairy and Food Sciences, 14 (2), pp. 210-221.
[20] Traore, B., Corbeels, M., Van Wijk, M. T., Rufino, M. C. and Giller, K. E., 2013. “Effects of climate variability and climate change on crop production in southern Mali.” European Journal of Agronomy, 49, pp. 115-125.
[21] Tsedey A, Bereket H. “Assessment of post-harvest loss of milk and milk products and traditional mitigation systems in Southern Ethiopia.” Food Sci & Qual Manage. 2016; 48: 85-96.
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Tolera Fufa Feyissa. (2023). Manually Improved Milk Churning in Yabello Town and Around Area, Borana Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. Science Research, 11(3), 80-86. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20231103.15

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    ACS Style

    Tolera Fufa Feyissa. Manually Improved Milk Churning in Yabello Town and Around Area, Borana Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. Sci. Res. 2023, 11(3), 80-86. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20231103.15

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    AMA Style

    Tolera Fufa Feyissa. Manually Improved Milk Churning in Yabello Town and Around Area, Borana Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. Sci Res. 2023;11(3):80-86. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20231103.15

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  • @article{10.11648/j.sr.20231103.15,
      author = {Tolera Fufa Feyissa},
      title = {Manually Improved Milk Churning in Yabello Town and Around Area, Borana Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia},
      journal = {Science Research},
      volume = {11},
      number = {3},
      pages = {80-86},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sr.20231103.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20231103.15},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sr.20231103.15},
      abstract = {A formal survey was carried out from March 2021 to October 2021 in Yabello town and around area, Borana Zone of Oromia regional state using open and closed questionnaires. A semi structured questioner form was used to interview specific group of people about their habits, knowledge, and about milking and milk churning practices. Milking and churning were practiced in the study area using locally made resources. During the demonstration, the interviewed households stated that Okolee (calabash) and Gorfaa are used for milking and holding the collected items. According to the current study, cultural milk processing was solely the responsibility of females, and time spent processing dairy products was covered by women. Furthermore, traditional churning practices of most Ethiopian community have been adopting to give low yield butter per unit of sour milk and require high labor input. As a result, the currently implemented technology concisely explains the barrier of the community problem and finds a solution. The currently modified churning equipment is firmly attached to metal pillars that are 70 cm off the ground. At each churning cycle, it can handle about 25 liters of milk. So maintaining milk quality is enjoyable, and churning has evolved to be comfortable. The churning can revolve favorably because of the moderate height above the floor and the total amount of milk it able to hold at one time to agitating is auspicious to rotate. That is normally how it is mediated by human power in order to operate it. In addition, all members of the family, especially those who are disabled and children are welcome to participate. The present study sought to reduce the enormous workload placed on women. The main objective was to manipulating technologically improved manual milk churning with low effort in pastoral and agro-pastoral communities to produce high-quality butter.},
     year = {2023}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Manually Improved Milk Churning in Yabello Town and Around Area, Borana Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
    AU  - Tolera Fufa Feyissa
    Y1  - 2023/06/27
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    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20231103.15
    AB  - A formal survey was carried out from March 2021 to October 2021 in Yabello town and around area, Borana Zone of Oromia regional state using open and closed questionnaires. A semi structured questioner form was used to interview specific group of people about their habits, knowledge, and about milking and milk churning practices. Milking and churning were practiced in the study area using locally made resources. During the demonstration, the interviewed households stated that Okolee (calabash) and Gorfaa are used for milking and holding the collected items. According to the current study, cultural milk processing was solely the responsibility of females, and time spent processing dairy products was covered by women. Furthermore, traditional churning practices of most Ethiopian community have been adopting to give low yield butter per unit of sour milk and require high labor input. As a result, the currently implemented technology concisely explains the barrier of the community problem and finds a solution. The currently modified churning equipment is firmly attached to metal pillars that are 70 cm off the ground. At each churning cycle, it can handle about 25 liters of milk. So maintaining milk quality is enjoyable, and churning has evolved to be comfortable. The churning can revolve favorably because of the moderate height above the floor and the total amount of milk it able to hold at one time to agitating is auspicious to rotate. That is normally how it is mediated by human power in order to operate it. In addition, all members of the family, especially those who are disabled and children are welcome to participate. The present study sought to reduce the enormous workload placed on women. The main objective was to manipulating technologically improved manual milk churning with low effort in pastoral and agro-pastoral communities to produce high-quality butter.
    VL  - 11
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Yabello Pastoral Area Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) College, Oromia Job Creation and Vocational Bureau, Oromia, Ethiopia

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