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Determination of Lead in Eleuthero Root Extract by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS)

Received: 7 April 2025     Accepted: 17 April 2025     Published: 26 May 2025
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Abstract

Eleuthero root extract (also known as Siberian ginseng) is an herbal supplement derived from the root of Eleutherococcus senticosus, a shrub native to north eastern China, Japan, Russia, particularly Siberia. Eleuthero has been used for over 2,000 years in traditional medicine, particularly in Chinese and Russian healing systems. American and Asian ginseng vary in their concentration of active compounds and effects on the body. Ginseng is an herb rich in antioxidants. It may offer benefits for brain health, immune function, blood sugar management, and more. However, more research is necessary. In this present study, explores the application of various analytical techniques for the quantification of lead (Pb) in eleuthero root extract samples. We measured the concentration of eleuthero root extract by using AAS, atomic absorption spectrophotometry. A pretreatment method of the samples, digested the analyte with a mixed acid solution. The AAS method was successfully used for the determination of lead in eleuthero root extract sample. Spectrophotometric determination of lead in eleuthero root extract sample was found to be adequately sensitive in terms of linearity, repeatability, and accuracy. The correlation coefficient (R2) was found to be 0.99866, average percent recovery was 97.1%, spiked sample, and 98.6% for the duplicate; and average sample result have been found 1.27 mg/Kg. The results were within the specification of not more than 10 mg/Kg. maximum.

Published in Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry (Volume 13, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.sjac.20251302.11
Page(s) 36-40
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Eleuthero Root Extract, Siberian Ginseng, Lead Determination, Atomic Absorption, Spectrophotometry (AAS)

References
[1] “Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim) Maxim”. U.S. National Plant Germplasm System. 13 March 2017.
[2] “Radix Eleutherococci”. Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants, Volume 2, World Health Organization. Archived from the original on June 16, 2009.
[3] Lee, Santae; Chang, Kae Sun, eds. (2015). English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF). Pocheon: Korea National Arboretum. P. 454. ISBN 978-89-97450-98-5.
[4] “Eleutherococcus senticosus”. Plants foir a Future. Retrieved 2013-01-16.
[5] Huang L, Zhao H, Huang B, et al. Acanthopanax senticosus:
[6] Perkin-Elmer, Supplements March 1976 Edition. Norwalk, Connecticut 06856, USA.
[7] The Perkin Elmer Corporation (1986). Instructions Model 5100 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer.
[8] Y. Yildiz, Y. Ducheine, R. Karadag Determination of Sodium in Enoxaparin Sodium (Heparin) by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Applied Sciences Research Periodicals-ISSN 3033-330X. February 2025, Vol. 3, No. 1 pp. 26-31.
[9] Y. Yildiz, R. Karadag, and I. Cengiz. Comparison of Spectrophotometric Methods for Determination of Iron in Acid Cleaning, and Passivating Stainless Steel Solution by UV-VIS, ICP/MS, and FAAS. Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry May 8, Vol. 9, No. 2, 2021, pp-32-38.
[10] Y. Yildiz; R. Karadag; M. Cordera; B. Gensinger Determination of Manganese in Tri Calcium Phosphate (TCP) by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. American Journal of Analytical Chemistry. August 2020, 11; 30-1-308.
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  • APA Style

    Yildiz, Y., Karadag, R., Ergin, Z. N. (2025). Determination of Lead in Eleuthero Root Extract by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 13(2), 36-40. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20251302.11

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    ACS Style

    Yildiz, Y.; Karadag, R.; Ergin, Z. N. Determination of Lead in Eleuthero Root Extract by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Sci. J. Anal. Chem. 2025, 13(2), 36-40. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20251302.11

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    AMA Style

    Yildiz Y, Karadag R, Ergin ZN. Determination of Lead in Eleuthero Root Extract by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Sci J Anal Chem. 2025;13(2):36-40. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20251302.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.sjac.20251302.11,
      author = {Yusuf Yildiz and Recep Karadag and Zehra Nilsu Ergin},
      title = {Determination of Lead in Eleuthero Root Extract by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS)
    },
      journal = {Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry},
      volume = {13},
      number = {2},
      pages = {36-40},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sjac.20251302.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20251302.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjac.20251302.11},
      abstract = {Eleuthero root extract (also known as Siberian ginseng) is an herbal supplement derived from the root of Eleutherococcus senticosus, a shrub native to north eastern China, Japan, Russia, particularly Siberia. Eleuthero has been used for over 2,000 years in traditional medicine, particularly in Chinese and Russian healing systems. American and Asian ginseng vary in their concentration of active compounds and effects on the body. Ginseng is an herb rich in antioxidants. It may offer benefits for brain health, immune function, blood sugar management, and more. However, more research is necessary. In this present study, explores the application of various analytical techniques for the quantification of lead (Pb) in eleuthero root extract samples. We measured the concentration of eleuthero root extract by using AAS, atomic absorption spectrophotometry. A pretreatment method of the samples, digested the analyte with a mixed acid solution. The AAS method was successfully used for the determination of lead in eleuthero root extract sample. Spectrophotometric determination of lead in eleuthero root extract sample was found to be adequately sensitive in terms of linearity, repeatability, and accuracy. The correlation coefficient (R2) was found to be 0.99866, average percent recovery was 97.1%, spiked sample, and 98.6% for the duplicate; and average sample result have been found 1.27 mg/Kg. The results were within the specification of not more than 10 mg/Kg. maximum.
    },
     year = {2025}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Determination of Lead in Eleuthero Root Extract by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS)
    
    AU  - Yusuf Yildiz
    AU  - Recep Karadag
    AU  - Zehra Nilsu Ergin
    Y1  - 2025/05/26
    PY  - 2025
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20251302.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.sjac.20251302.11
    T2  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
    JF  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
    JO  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
    SP  - 36
    EP  - 40
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2376-8053
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20251302.11
    AB  - Eleuthero root extract (also known as Siberian ginseng) is an herbal supplement derived from the root of Eleutherococcus senticosus, a shrub native to north eastern China, Japan, Russia, particularly Siberia. Eleuthero has been used for over 2,000 years in traditional medicine, particularly in Chinese and Russian healing systems. American and Asian ginseng vary in their concentration of active compounds and effects on the body. Ginseng is an herb rich in antioxidants. It may offer benefits for brain health, immune function, blood sugar management, and more. However, more research is necessary. In this present study, explores the application of various analytical techniques for the quantification of lead (Pb) in eleuthero root extract samples. We measured the concentration of eleuthero root extract by using AAS, atomic absorption spectrophotometry. A pretreatment method of the samples, digested the analyte with a mixed acid solution. The AAS method was successfully used for the determination of lead in eleuthero root extract sample. Spectrophotometric determination of lead in eleuthero root extract sample was found to be adequately sensitive in terms of linearity, repeatability, and accuracy. The correlation coefficient (R2) was found to be 0.99866, average percent recovery was 97.1%, spiked sample, and 98.6% for the duplicate; and average sample result have been found 1.27 mg/Kg. The results were within the specification of not more than 10 mg/Kg. maximum.
    
    VL  - 13
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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