Research Article | | Peer-Reviewed

Role of Useful Minerals in Evolution of the Mankind

Received: 17 August 2026     Accepted: 10 September 2026     Published: 9 October 2026
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Abstract

The main idea in this article is that useful minerals play most important role in evolution of mankind. Many investigators are writing, that soon after several tens of ears the top of useful minerals mining will begin in all the world. I suppose that from this time new age of mans evolution will begin. The mankind will be forced to refuse from capitalistic system and begin construct socialistic society in all countries simultaneously. This necessities will be due to beginning of exhaustion of minerals in all the world. So peoples will be concentrated in order to use economize their own minerals in their countries. They will not give their minerals to international corporations, who take them with very low prices. They will work out them themselves, and use in aims of their countries. This will lead to closing this corporations, which are the main product of capitalistic society. Therefore every country will interested in such society, that will help them successfully to develop for happiness of every member of these countries. Only socialistic society may come up for this aim. So that every country of the world will be interested in construction of such society and in this will be strategy of whole mankind survival.

Published in Science Futures (Volume 2, Issue 5)
DOI 10.11648/j.scif.20260205.18
Page(s) 312-319
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2026. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Useful Minerals, Mankind, Evolution, Society, Socialistic, Capitalistic, Peak of Mining, World, Utilization of Minerals, Strategy of Survival

1. Introduction
The author has written several books about strategy of mankind survival and role in his life minerals: “Moving forces of the nature and strategy of the mankind survival (2014); “The nearest future of the mankind - the age of mineral deficit (2016); “Where the mankind is going (2017)” (see in Internet cite www.tietan.narod.ru/SHABALIN) Also in this article, finishing this series, I want one’s more to return to this question, concerning attention on this topic.
I suppose that namely utilization of the minerals has played decisive role in evolution of the mankind from primitive community society, to slave-holding, feudal, capitalistic and then, I it make the mankind to pass to socialistic society simultaneously at the whole world. Indeed, quite clear, that for the man’s life different working tools are needed in order people can get food, to build habitation, to bring up posterity. At first they where wood sticks, then stones, from which peoples can produce stone axes, knifes, spears and arrow heads. If any new the object of activity is absent, so from nothing it is impossible to do anything. It is impossible to perfect stone axe as much as you like, it will remain as stone axe, which is suitable for example to chop a tree, or to construct a hunter cabin. But with such stone axe it is possible agricultural work, to construct ships, to accomplish a war campaign, produce technique. This is became possible only when the man discovered native copper, which can be used in natural form for simple forging, with preparation of more complex and high quality tools of work and military arms. This promotes intellectual evolution of the peoples. They have find that metals it is possible to discover not only in the native form but also to get after melting in campfire of definite types of stones - ores of tin, lead, zinc. This permitted to produce the bronze makes and to use them in his activity. So the bronze age started - period of slave - holding and then feudal system. Following development of the mind at this time has leaded to discovering and wide using iron and stone coal and this is conditioned appearance of the capitalistic system and the mass development of industrial production of electric energy. Following discovers of coloured metals, radioactive elements, using petroleum and gas has lead to the intensive growth of man’s activity - appeared nuclear production, motor-car, aero-cosmic industry. Moreover, consumption of the minerals at the last century fast increases almost in geometric progression, doubling at a small number of years.
But such progressive growth of minerals’ mining cannot to continue long time, because the quantity of minerals is limited. Simplest calculations show, that such growth may continue during only several ten’s of years and afterwards it will come the peak of mining and following deficit of mineral in the whole world simultaneously. But how the mankind will live at that time? This time will begin really for our grand-childes and great-grand-childes. The mankind’ life at that time will change cardinally.
When I have read the modern literature concerning this question I was surprised that only insignificant quantity of investigations devoted to this problem and all foretell catastrophic consequences for mans’ life in conditions of capitalistic system. But in press, television or Internet no any broad discussion was at this very actual for mankind question, how our descendants will live in conditions of mineral deficit. It is possible to understand transnational industrial companies, which now control all industry in the world, that such information for them is not interesting. Most interest for them is to report, that they have mined many useful minerals, produced the large quantity of industrial production from them and all this promotes receiving for them great profit, but they do not think about future. Also it is clear, that the deficit of mineral resources will lead to closing of many these corporations, and that is why they will not foretell their finish. So as they control all means of mass information, in them broad discussion at this question is absent.
But why other mankind is silent as water has gather in the mouth? It is probably because transnational corporations are so powerful that they don’t allow and not finance as scientific investigations, so wide discussion of these very actual problems in controlled by them the means of mass information.
In this article, as in previous ones, I shall try as professional geologist, to conduct independent objective investigations of this problem about role of mineral in people”s life, especially in conditions of their deficit, which will begin after top of their mining after nearest tenth of years.
To my opinion from this top a new epoch will begin in people’s life - organization of socialistic society in the whole world simultaneously and this will consist strategy of its survival.
It is offered expedient to put the questions about where mankind is moving in his self development and how much it may else exist? Perfectly clear, it is not for ever, because in the nature nothing is eternal: everything is moving and changing, The whole star systems and galaxies are forming and disappearing, what is to say about such weak essences as peoples, appeared on a one planet with very narrow interval of extremely favourable climate conditions for development of life and only several millions of years ego in the process of milliard in time evolution of the Earth planet. Mankind is balancing on the edge of survival in interval of climate temperatures all in all several tens degrees, so that in cosmos temperatures change from absolute sero (-374°C) till millions degrees inside of hot stars.
For the believers no problems are in it, because they rely on will of God, which all knows, lead by all, and souls of peoples, for theirs opinion, are immortal in paradise or in hell and, so they are immortal.
From the point of view believers, the thoughts of God are unknown. But if he may be considers, that peoples must to decide themselves, how they will survive. But if they will lead themselves non reasonable, so it is no need to help to them, lets they vanish. In the end, he precipitated Adam and Eva from paradise on the sunful earth for most small fault - eating of forbidden apple. But the faults of mankind before God in its history such, that it is impossible not in tale to say, not by feather to describe. So the idea to remain peoples to survive themselves and by this to punish sinners, may be to him will seem holy matter.
As a whole, if in this plan to see on action of peoples, so though they consider themselves as ‘homo sapiens” - people reasonable, but they are leading as essences non reasonable, roughly speaking, as scorpions in shoal, which bite and destroy each other, instead of to live peacefully or to try to get out from this shoal. Peoples during all theirs history wage wars with each other, so that in essence, all their history - this is history of wars. A state with state wage wars, or even their societies between each other for possession of territories, useful minerals and others natural richness, arming till tooths, but now even by nuclear and thermonuclear arms, spending on it great means. The big problems, including military wars, occur on the basis of religious intolerance. Peoples don’t think, that now it is impossible to lead themselves as scorpions in shoal, it is necessary to all forces concentrate for extending of maximal long time of its existence on the planet Earth. This must be strategic aim of all living on the Earth. Now the problem of existence for mankind is very actual, that is possible to see for sharply increasing ecological problems.
The proverb there is “On God hope, but himself not slip up”. So we will not to “slip up”, but will try to imagine the strategy of mankind survival in future, using at first published literature.
2. Strategy of Mankind Survival
On question of survival strategy of mankind and its ecological safety the whole row of international conferences was carry out. In 1972 year in Stokgolm the First conference of OON about surrounding medium was. In 1987 year at the session on International commission about surrounding environment and development (commission Bruntlan) the report was produced “Our common future”, which in wide using “conception of stable development” introduced. On 1992 year the report “Warning of mankind from the world scientists”was prepared, which was signed by 1600 world scientists from 70 countries, among which where 102 prize-winners on the Nobel prize. In the same year in Rio-de Zaneiro Conferece of OON about protection of surrounding medium and development was carried out. In 1997 year at 19 session of General assembly the program of actions was accepted, according which all countries must to work out and formulate national straregies of stable development. In 2000 year in Gaag at session of OUN the “Chapter of the Earth” was excepted. The discussion about the problem of stable development was continued in 2002 year om Iohannesburg during World summit about stable development. In Russia “Conception of transition of Russian Federation to stable development” was excepted and stated by the “Decree of president № 440” from 1 April 1996 year.
There are many published works devoted questions of strategy of the mankind survival. I shall verbatim citate same most now authors, in order to illustrate their notions.
U Tan (General secretary OUN) at session of General assembly of OUN in 1969 year told: “On the basis of information, available to me as general secretary, I may conclude, that in countries - members of OUN, probably 10 years remained, in order to stop ours long discussions and to state global cooperation for the sake of stopping arms race, bringing into healthy state of surrounding medium, slowing down explosive growth of quantity peoples and giving needed impulse to the forces of proper development. If such cooperation will not be stated during following tenth, so enumerated by me problems will so non predicted, that will completely come out from our control.”
Gorshkov V. G. “Biosphere (containing of appeared in the process of evolution natural biote, i.e. flora and fauna, and interacting with it external and surrounding medium) represent the single system producing stability of living medium under every appeared changes…The consumption of civilization must not to be more 1% of pure production of global biote. Modern direct consumption by civilization of biosphere production of dry land consists 10%. i.e. it is in tenth time more of permissible threshold meaning. The assimilated and transformed be civilization part of dry land contains 60%. Balanse reduction of consumption by civilization the production of biosphere till threshold meaning may be reached only at the expense reduction of quantity of peoples in the planet, which was at the beginning XVIII century, i.e. 1-1, 5 milliard peoples. This may to occur during time of one century by transition at a medium to one children birch… Preservation of natural associations and existing types of organisms in volume, which is able to provide fulfillment of the Le Shatele principle in attitude to global changes of surrounding medium, is the main condition of continuation of mankind life. For this it is necessary preservation of real nature on the most part of the Earth surface, but not the conservation of biodifferences in gene shoals and insignificant in their areas reserves, parks and zoological gardens. It is necessary to put questions about prohibited continents and oceans” (p. 429).
Arskii U. M. at others.: “It is necessary in order the world society selected the model of development, according modern notions about biosphere and role of man in this. Existing notions it is possible to concentrate in the form of two conceptions of development. 1. The resource conception of world system, which observe the Earth only or mainly as source of resources. Several models of resource conceptions are constructed. All they forecast the scenarios of catastrophe to the middle or the end of XXI century due to exhaustion of the resources in connection with growth of population and economy. In similar scenarios it is proposed, that surrounding medium is not in condition of catastrophe … 2. Biosphere conception, i.e. theory natural biotic regulation of surrounding medium, worked out by V. G. Gorshkov (1995), don’t demand, as in case of the resource conception, a priori proposals about future development. The essence of it consists in the fact that biosphere, including bioty and surrounding it medium, has strong mechanism of stabilization of surrounding medium parameters for providing near to optimal conditions of alive organisms conditions. On the basis of competition interaction including in biote highly correlated associations of organisms, high rate of reserving of substances circle turn is reached… This guarantee stability of surrounding medium… Main factor of this theory is definition of stability threshold of global biosphere, because it is quite obviously, that threshold size of indignation of surrounding medium, by exceeding of which the stability of biote and medium of its living is breaking… Carried out definitions of such value of man consumption (Gorshkov, 1995) reached at the end of XIX century or at the beginning of XX century, about which, in particular, testify the growth of concentration of carbonatic acid gas in atmosphere… Therefore, according biosphere conception, ecological limit of people development will be reached much more early, then others limits of growth, which in side resources conceptions are as hypothetical. All this defines need of selection of biosphere conception of world system development in counterbalance to resource conception. The not breaked else preserved ecosystems may become the centers of restoration of those volume natural communities of organisms, which are needed for securing of stability of surrounding medium. For this aim natural areas are necessary to protect and then pass to increasing of these areas. It is necessary for a state introduction of tax for using of biosphere, which serves as fundamental base for life. Similar tax is analogical to pay for using of habitation and for public utilities… It is necessary to pass to abbreviation of quantity of population: for stabilization - one family - two children, for reduction - one family - one child… It is necessary to abbreviate by civilization of biosphere production in ten times… The preservation of non destroyed ecosystems must be one of the main cares of global thoughts. This allows mankind to increase time for transition to new thoughts, including unity of all peoples and states in decision of problems in liquidation of ecological catastrophe and survival of mankind”.
A. D. Ursul A. D. : It is necessary by radical form to change traditional natural development, devoid of future, and at nearest time began quick pass to qualitative new condition of civilization, called by V. V. Vernadskii V. V. noosphere and being as alternative of death. This pass is simultaneously motion from industrial society to informational one. The mind, intellectual-informational activity will dominate over tempo of growth involved substances and energy by transformation of sociosphere in noosphere. The whole intellect of man increased by means of combined informatics will not only to explain and describe nature and society, but to foresee their development, interaction and to light way to stable development… Antroponoosphere transformations must have character of antroponoosphere revolution. Namely, this revolution - is main condition of pass to stable development and stating the sphere of mind, i.e. noosphere. New state of the society will appear (noosphere civilization). which guarantee in most grade survival and following stable and safe in all attitudes development of society… It is possible to pick out following one after another periods of noosphere stating - informational, ecological, and cosmic… As a result of noosphere transformations of social actions the changes of priority occurs: at the stage of infonoospere on priority place move forward information instead of substances and energy, at the stage of ecosphere to it connects solar radiation and mining natural resources, at the stage of cosmosphere - cosmic resources and all non -Earth space and objects, but can be other mind and socium…”
Ursul A. D. at al. : “I order mankind can to survive, it is necessary by radical way to transform the process of development, changing whole mankind values and reference points of advancing motion, because they were formed in models of non- stable development… It is necessary to pass to the model of stable development… This model non only one of new problem, but this is the problem, from decision of which future of whole mankind and its fate in third thousand of depends. This is quite new form of development of whole world society, which is standing on way of its survival and decision of global mankind problems…Adherence to idea of passing to stable development is confirmed and are detailed in all official documents of leaders countries and heads of delegations more then 190 states, included in OON… Concerning the role state our point of view consist in the fact, it is necessary to use state-righteous and organization-administration mechanisms for aims of passing to stable development, but not for abolition of them untimely”.
Danilov-Daniliants V. I. et al. : “ At the beginning of XX century mankind exceeded the limit permissible disturbance of biosphere and departed out of its natural ecological volume and by this way has come to collision with nature, causing breaking of limits and restrictions, produced from laws of biosphere stability. The last has lost stability, and this certainly leads to non-stability of economy, social non-stability and non-stability of man as individual and its population, to non-stability on the planet. Therefore ecological safety became the most important global problem, without deciding of which is not future… A. I. Muravih (1997) defined, that the period of time till global ecological catastrophe is evaluated about 100 years. Main ecological task of mankind must consider not abbreviation of antropogeneus soiling rejections, but preservation of natural earth biote. This preservation must follow by full stopping of following liberation of natural biote, in particular, biote of open ocean, and restoration of natural biote on the main part of assimilated territory of dry land… It is necessary also abbreviation of absolute and individual consumption of resources, stabilization and abbreviation of population quantity…”
Pechei A. (founder and first president of Rom club): “Man now has decisive power over events, and how he will use this, depends his future. But the man life itself attained such complexity, that man turned out culturally not prepared even to full and clear realizing of his changed position. And due to this today his difficulties not only more and more dipping, but considering temp of events can at near future to grow till size of catastrophe. This quick run in direction of destruction may stop and to turn back only New Humanism, based and directed to cultural development of man, or in other words, essential improvement of peoples qualities of all inhabitants of the planet. The man development is in this case the aim, for reaching of which in nearest years and tenth of years must be concentrated joint forces of all mankind. Such people revolution may to fill by single sense and to give harmony and directed on mental aims all others revolution processes of our time… It is necessary as more quicker to pass from conception, oriented on man needs and their satisfaction, to other understanding, in the base of which was man development, but the main aim become self expressing and full opening of possibilities and abilities of man personality… For this it is necessary, from one side, to guarantee any minimal level of education and useful work to everybody member of society, and from another side - to learn to adapt and live in agreement with uninterruptedly changing external world of man and surrounding his medium…The Earth is rather generous, but even it is not in condition to distribute un iterrrupted growing population and satisfaction all new and new his necessities, wishes and whims… Only through development peoples qualities and peoples abilities it is possible to get changes of all civilization oriented for material values and to use its great potential for good aims and extension of its existence.
Gliserin M. “The aim of mankind - to came to unity on the basis of love to the nearest people. It is necessary simple to throw away all other from the point of view. Only after words we can to consider for success, in order to came to unity and equilibrium with nature. The realized egoism of man counteract to this aim. Only through construction of needed society influence it is possible to find forces to counteract proper egoistic nature. All five parts of the books are speaking about interaction of mankind as universal decision of crisis problems and definition of ways in future.
Moiseev N. N. “Civilization may to preserve itself, it has chance of following development. But only when the economic will not be demiurge of present society, when it will take the place, which is stated to it by the Nature - to maintain existence of mankind, but not ti define its history, when passing to Mind will be really main aim of our biological species. Only this way can provide gomeostas of man, as biological species, and therefore stability of biosphere”.
Reimers N. F. “Contemporary ecological crisis has many consequences. Most important of them three.
Consolidation of mankind under banner of objective knowledge, the transformation of science in leading mechanics, in “fifth power”.
Sharp turn to needs of man with gradual understanding, that in the single mankind everybody depend from other, that every pressing and inequality will tell for all not happy consequences.
Ecologisation of life become persistently necessary - in other case the catastrophe is waiting peoples. The leading reason of ecologisation - decreasing of pressing on medium of life - local and global. This is possible only by decreasing of peoples quantity, because to reduce their far else not satisfied needs is unreasonably and impossible. To full satisfied them also impossible - because there is no rather stable natural-resource potential. Its far overstraining is dangerously for all. To leave peoples even in relative poverty - is intolerable and also dangerously for social and ecological considerations - every rapture threaten whole infection of organism. So what are realized aims of mankind? Their long list expediently to divide on parts: strategy of eco development, energetic, communications, industry technology, agricultural, populated places and recreation, moral, social sphere, demography” In the book their detail characteristic is given.
Medous D. at. al. “On the basis of calculations on computer model of system dynamic World the authors made conclusions: 1) if modern tendencies of population qualities, industrialization, soiling of natural medium, production of provision and exhaustion of resources will continue, so during next century the world will come to limits of growth. As s result, unexpected and no controlled decreasing of population quantity will take place and sharply volume of production will decrease; 2) it is possible to change tendency of growth and pass to stable in long perspective economic and ecological stability. The state of global equilibrium is possible to place at level, which allow to satisfy basic material needs of every people and will give every man equal possibility of private potential realization. It is seen from behavior of the model, that approaching to limit values and collapse is inevitable, and cause of this in this case exhaustion of non-renewal resources. The volume of industrial capital reach the level, where greate supply of resources is needed. The process of those growth exhaust the supply of accessible raw material. With growing of prices for raw material and exhaustion of deposits for mining of resources it is needed all more means, and all less become capital enclosures in future growth. At last, capital enclosures cannot compensate exhaustion of resources, therefore industrial base destructive, and together with it - system of service and agricultural production, depending from industry. With definite confidence it is possible to say, that if in present world will not radical changes, the growth of quantity of peoples and industrial production will stop about 2100 year, when catastrophe will occur. In order this don’t have place, the society must come to state of equilibrium. The quantity of population and volume of capital are the single values, which must stay constant in conditions of equilibrium. Every kind of mans activity - teaching, art, social activity, don’t demanding big intake of non renewal resources and don’t causing harm to surrounding medium, cam develop longer till infinity”.
D. Medous D. and others : The end scenarios of model “World-3” turned out extremely exact - past 30 years confirmed this. The real world go by way, which was described by us in scenarios “Limits of Growth” in 1972 year… What it is necessary, in order pass to stable development? The basic idea is, that if we will continue to spread notions about the problem, so more population of the planet will accept right decisions on the basis of love and respect to all inhabitants of Earth: peoples, animals and plants, to those who is being and to those who will be. We by all soul hope that this will occur in correct time”.
From 40 report of Rome club (2018) “Com on! Capitalism, short-termism, population and the destruction on the planet - a report to the Club of Rome”: The World again is in critical position. We must subject doubt legitimation of soul materialist egoism, which today, probably, is the most moving force in the world… Present crisis is also the crisis of all capitalistic system. From 1980 years capitalism passed from following economic growth of countries, regions and whole world to maximal profit and large additional incomes from speculations. In edition, capitalism in 1990 years in all world mostly is financial”.
Moskovkin V., critically investigating this report in his article “Report of Rome club. Orgys of selfcriticism” (in Internet) marks: “On our look, the world may cardinal change only in the case, if all developing countries, on the territory of which are present, but really don’t belong to them most part of natural resources, will consolidate, go out of all international institutes and bound by kabala agreements, thrusted on by West, will generate own institutes of global management, including own currency, system of safety, financial calculations and communications. In this case West system of world management will demand simultaneously consolidation and increasing of war resources, including nuclear arsenals of developing countries… It is possible to propose, that the more countries possess by nuclear arm, the more stable is the world.”
Vaschekin N. P. and others : Formation of noosphere proposes, that the main resource of following development will be information (allowing to save substance-energetic resources), realize outstrip development of informational-intellectual processes and soul clture (first of all science and education). The criterion of national and individual richness in sphere of mind will be humanist values and knowledges of man, living in harmony with surrounding social and nature medium in condition of whole safety.” Forming of noosphere proposes that thie main resource of future development will be information (allowing to save substance-energetic resources) is realizing forestall development of information-intellectual processes and mental culture (first of all, science and education). The criterion of national and individual richness in sphere of mind will be humanist values and knowledge of man, living in harmony with surrounding social and nature medium in condition of whole safety”.
Paulman V. F. and others : “As the investigations of processes in modern capitalism shows that it is confirmed the main conclusion of marxsism that socialism inevitable will come to it change. The saving of mankind civilization is in celebration of active whole man mind, which early or late will find itself in democratic socialism. It is wanted to hope, that only with help of Mind the single correct decision of global problems will be found.”
Delagin M. G. - director of Institute of globalization problem - write about appearance o world crisis in processe of globalization of all industrial economy of the Earth.
Vasiliev I. I. :’’ Capitalism as form of life and type of society construction long ego became brake of following development of society, more over - the obstacle for its survival. It is time to combine for peoples, realizing the danger of new mental slavery. Combine in order to act… For the beginning it is necessary to get out from vicious circle of civilization as circle of harm and return to natural sources of mental - to mental cosmos… Only under leadership” of mental it is possible to gain victory in this struggle.”
Thus, in these notions the most important topics are following: 1) world civilization has come to dangerous point, when as the result of increasing of peoples quantity and destruction of natural surrounding natural medium by serving it industrial capitalistic production when overcame threshold, after which non reversible catastrophic destruction of biosphere will begin, that will make it not suitable for existing of man and lead to his death; 2) in order to prevent this it is necessary for peoples to unite on the basis of love and friendship to each other and together begin decide all problems threatening mankind. Basic methods in decision of this question they consider education and conviction of peoples, spreading of knowledges about the problem, consolidation of mankind under banner of objective knowledge, transformation of science in “fifth power”, going to Reason, improvement of peoples qualities.
Of course, I agree with many of these notions expressed by the best qualified specialists in these spheres. But it should be paid attention, that among investigators, engaged by problems of mankind survival almost absent geologists, who best of all know problem with resources of organic and mineral non renewal raw materials. With beginning of mining peak of raw materials the transnational corporation, directing by most part world industrial production, firstly so called marginal profit will disappear, which is caused by growth of production. Then, as to the extent of further decreasing of resources of useful minerals and decreasing of industrial production for all chain of connected with industrial works, will decrease others kinds of profit, till complete disappearing. Then for leaders of private corporations will not any interest to lead by such works, don’t giving profit. It will be more simple to give them in state property and to be himself their hired manager.
Paulman V. F. (2000) write, that “capitalism present today main threat to existence of mankind civilization. The saving of civilization is in celebration of active people revolution mind, which early or late will find its embodiment in democratic socialism. Peoples must to occur socialistic revolution. It is necessary to look the ways peace social revolution”.
But how to execute such peace social revolution - this is great problem, which is hardly can to determine or to propose real ways of its decision.
Several foreign specialists in political economy also discuss these questions.
Keins D. M. in his book “Whole theory of employment, percentage and money” (1936) tells for more broad participation of state-monopolistic regulation in world economy. Nobel prize-winner at economy Stiglits D., one of authors of book “Lectures for economic theory…” (Atkinson E. B., Stiglits D. E., 1995) in report, published in Internet told: “ I not so stupid in order to believe, that market itself will decide all social problems. Non equality, unemployment, soiling of surrounding medium are not insuperable without state”. Scidelski R., written at first the book “Way from slavery” (1998), where with joy describe disruption of socialism in USSR, now is intended to write the book “The world after communism”. In published in Internet interview he tells as follows: “ It seems that capitalism is near to exhaustion, at least in reach countries. Probably, the socialism was not alternative of capitalism, because it will be its successor. It will inherit the Earth by not deprivation property of reach peoples, but giving stimulus for behavior, which is not connected with rotation of profit.”
I think, that the world civilization will come to socialistic reconstruction of society itself, voluntarily, without peaceful or war revolutions, and to make this iron hand of deficit non renewal mineral resources. Really, only in conditions of socialism on the basis state property it is possible to decide all problems of abbreviation of population, decrease industrial production, to level the income between poors and super wealthys, to decrease industrial pressure on the Earth biosphere, to decide large ecologic problems. Namely this will save mankind from the whole ecologic catastrophe and it will be basis of his survival strategy.
Taking into account all above said I want to formulate simple and short slogan of mankind strategy survival, according it will be needed to live in future: to live with consent with nature, using renewal resources and maximal producing economy of non renewals ones in conditions of future world socialistic society by deficit of the useful minerals.
3. Conclusion
The author has moved up the following new ideas about role of useful minerals in world evolution, which are more detail investigated in the author’s published books .
1) The notion about new law of nature is proposed: “In conditions of food deficit, and for peoples also in conditions of useful minerals deficit all alive world on the Earth for survival is needed to unite and lead communal form of life - herds, flocks, hives, ant-hills, birds-colonies and so on, and for man - it is single socialistic society on all planet, which for man notions accords socialistic principle “Freedom, equality, fraternity”.
2) The slogan is formulated, to which mankind must follow in its strategy of survival on the planet in future: “To live in consent with nature, using renewal resources and maximaly saving on non-renewal resources by deficit of useful minerals in conditions of future world-wide socialistic society”.
3) New age in history of mankind is picked out - age of useful minerals deficit and construction of socialistic society simultaneously in all countries of the world, which begin already in nearest tens years in connection with beginning of the peak of their mining.
4) It is shown, that at present time it is increasing total degradation of mankind, as biologicaly non stable society, which is not able to long existence on the Earth planet due to several parameters: in consequence of not enough balanced and excess food of present man, lack of physical activity, striving for production of industrial goods with short time of using, decreasing of natural mental-analytic abilities of peoples with relations with nature as far as increasing of relations through means of masse information and Internet in virtual fake reality, decreasing of friendless and unity extent of peoples, habits of peoples to non limited surplus consumption of all, that he can make from nature, that is consumptional psychology, increasing of peoples quantity with non treatment illnesses, that is decrease of those qualities of alive essences, which promoted maintenance of their long life on the Earth.
5) According character of goods-production attitudes in development of mankind civilization two new epochs were single out - presocialistic epoch, beginning from Greate October socialistic revolution in Russia, and world socialistic epoch, beginning from the future peak of mining of useful minerals. In structure of presocialistic epoch two stages were singled out: 1) stage of testing of socialistic construction in separate countries and generation of socialistic countries bloc, 2) national -patriotic stage of mankind society evolution after disintegration of USSR, which must be transitional time to epoch of socialism after beginning of age of useful minerals deficit.
6) Formulation of Russian national ideas is proposed: “Russia is comfortable of all”, that corresponds patriotism, love to own native land and wish comfortably to make new life, in order to us and our descendants was lived here good and gladly. To similar slogan not only Russia, but all others countries of the world must follow so, that every of them in details investigated in their home economy: what they have in presence in the form of useful minerals, agricultural, forests and water areas, what is intellectual potential of nation and how all this richness to use for organization of happy life in their countries. This will be beginning of new period in life of mankind - national-patriotic.
7) Materialist-humanist conception in evolution of mankind society proposed, the essence of which is that most important moving spiritual forces of people - materialist and humanist mankind feelings - materialistic and humanist feelings and presence on the Earth of useful minerals promoted evolution of society from primitive-communal society then to slave-owning, feudal, capitalistic then to socialistic in age of useful mineral deficite, when it will be needed to construct the socialistic society in countries of the world simultaneously. Nominated aready in nearest tens of years the peak of mining of several most important useful minerals and following decreasing of their resources will lead to decreasing of profit controlling now of world industry of transnational industrial corporations, their destruction and decreasing of industrial production in world as a whole. This will make all world to pass from destructive for the nature of market capitalistic economic system, afflicted by forces of materialistic feelings, to socialistic system on the basis of state property, which allow to all live reasonable, though more modestly, under actions of force of humanist feelings of man. Mankind only thus can exist very long time, while on the Earth favorable temperature conditions for organic life will be remained.
8) It is shown, that three Christian virtues - belief, hope and love - in their non religious understanding are most important motor of mankind history, rising masses of peoples for accomplishing of great affairs.
9) It is proposed short exposition elaborated by author unknown to science fundamental force - force of decondensation of surface layer of substances (FDSL), which has also attitude to strategy of mankind survival. Because this is one of most important mechanisms, laying in the base of biologic life of the Earth and evolution of geological processes in the Earth crust, including genesis of useful minerals. The experiments are leaded, convincingly and irrefutable confirming existence of the FDSL.
10) Answering on question: where go mankind, it is possible to answer - mankind go to light future in conditions of world socialistic society in age of deficit of useful minerals, when wars and confrontations between states will be absent, peoples will live comfortable in own countries, perfectly and economically use all their natural richness, perfect intellectual potential on nation, to worry about ecology in their countries, to strengthen friendly humanist interrelations between peoples in their own country and between other nations, and this will be aim and sense of existence of mankind civilization for maintenance of it so, as more ling time on the Earth.
In conclusion, it is necessary to underline, that sword of Damocles of non-renewal deficit of useful minerals in the form of the peak of their mining is already raised above mankind, and soon it will go down, shattering all its hopes for society of infinite rich consumption in conditions of capitalistic system of economy, to which in strategy of mankind survival there is no place.
Author Contributions
Shabalin Leonid Ivanovich: Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing
Conflicts of Interest
The author declares no conflicts of interest.
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    Ivanovich, S. L. (2026). Role of Useful Minerals in Evolution of the Mankind. Science Futures, 2(5), 312-319. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scif.20260205.18

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    Ivanovich, S. L. Role of Useful Minerals in Evolution of the Mankind. Sci. Futures 2026, 2(5), 312-319. doi: 10.11648/j.scif.20260205.18

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    AMA Style

    Ivanovich SL. Role of Useful Minerals in Evolution of the Mankind. Sci Futures. 2026;2(5):312-319. doi: 10.11648/j.scif.20260205.18

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  • @article{10.11648/j.scif.20260205.18,
      author = {Shabalin Leonid Ivanovich},
      title = {Role of Useful Minerals in Evolution of the Mankind},
      journal = {Science Futures},
      volume = {2},
      number = {5},
      pages = {312-319},
      doi = {10.11648/j.scif.20260205.18},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scif.20260205.18},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.scif.20260205.18},
      abstract = {The main idea in this article is that useful minerals play most important role in evolution of mankind. Many investigators are writing, that soon after several tens of ears the top of useful minerals mining will begin in all the world. I suppose that from this time new age of mans evolution will begin. The mankind will be forced to refuse from capitalistic system and begin construct socialistic society in all countries simultaneously. This necessities will be due to beginning of exhaustion of minerals in all the world. So peoples will be concentrated in order to use economize their own minerals in their countries. They will not give their minerals to international corporations, who take them with very low prices. They will work out them themselves, and use in aims of their countries. This will lead to closing this corporations, which are the main product of capitalistic society. Therefore every country will interested in such society, that will help them successfully to develop for happiness of every member of these countries. Only socialistic society may come up for this aim. So that every country of the world will be interested in construction of such society and in this will be strategy of whole mankind survival.},
     year = {2026}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
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    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.scif.20260205.18
    AB  - The main idea in this article is that useful minerals play most important role in evolution of mankind. Many investigators are writing, that soon after several tens of ears the top of useful minerals mining will begin in all the world. I suppose that from this time new age of mans evolution will begin. The mankind will be forced to refuse from capitalistic system and begin construct socialistic society in all countries simultaneously. This necessities will be due to beginning of exhaustion of minerals in all the world. So peoples will be concentrated in order to use economize their own minerals in their countries. They will not give their minerals to international corporations, who take them with very low prices. They will work out them themselves, and use in aims of their countries. This will lead to closing this corporations, which are the main product of capitalistic society. Therefore every country will interested in such society, that will help them successfully to develop for happiness of every member of these countries. Only socialistic society may come up for this aim. So that every country of the world will be interested in construction of such society and in this will be strategy of whole mankind survival.
    VL  - 2
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Author Information
  • Department of Mineral Resources, Siberian Research Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineral Resources (SNIIGGiMS), Novosibirsk, Russian Federation