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The Manner of Articulation of the Emphatic /dˁ/ in Both Saudi and Palestinian Dialects

Received: 16 December 2014     Accepted: 31 December 2014     Published: 19 January 2015
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Abstract

This study aims at investigatingthe manner of articulation of the emphatic /dˁ/ sound in both the Saudi and Palestinian dialects. The subjects’ sound recordings have been digitized on a PC and analyzed via Praat.The results reveal that the Saudis produce /dˁ/ as an emphatic fricative, whereas the Palestinians as an emphatic plosive. The implications of this study suggest that /ðˁ/ (the fricative emphatic sound) and /dˁ/ (the plosive emphatic sound) merge into /ðˁ/ in Saudi Arabic, whereas they are distinct from one another in Palestinian Arabic. This is similar to Alani’s (1970: 46) finding that the /dˁ/ sound is pronounced as /ðˁ/ (emphatic fricative), but not as /dˁ/ (pharyngealized plosive) in Iraqi dialects except in the dialects of Iraqi Christians despite its orthographical representation as /dˁ/ in the writing system.

Published in International Journal of Language and Linguistics (Volume 3, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijll.20150301.11
Page(s) 1-7
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Emphatic, Fricative, Plosive

References
[1] Alani, S. H. (1970). Arabic Phonology: An Acoustical and Physiological Investigation. Paris:Mouton.
[2] Davis, S. (1995). Emphasis Spread in Arabic and Grounded Phonology. Linguistic Inquiry, 26,465-498.
[3] Ferguson, C. A. (1959). Diglossia. Word, 15.
[4] Fishman, J. (1967). Bilingualism with and without diglossia; Diglossia with and without bilingualism.Journal of Social Issues, 23(2), 29–38. doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1967.tb00573.x
[5] Jongman, A. et al. (2011) Acoustics and Perception of Emphasis in Urban Jordanian Arabic.Journal of Phonetics, Vol. 39, Issue 1, Pages 85–95.
[6] McCarthy, J. (1994) “The Phonetics and Phonology of Semitic Pharyngeals”. In P. Keating (ed.)Phonological Structure and Phonetic Form: Papers in Laboratory Phonology III.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 191-234.
[7] Reetz, H. &Jongman, A. (2009). Phonetics: Transcription, Production, Acoustics, and Perception. Massachusetts: Wiley-Blackwell.
[8] Zawaydeh, B. A. & de Jong, K. (2011).The Phonetics of LocalisingUvularization in Ammani-Jordanian Arabic: An Acoustic Study. International Studies in Arabic Phonetics,257-276.
[9] Zughoul, M. R. (1980). Diglossia in Arabic: Investigating solutions. Anthropological Linguistics, 22, 201–217.
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    Basem I. M. Al-Raba’a. (2015). The Manner of Articulation of the Emphatic /dˁ/ in Both Saudi and Palestinian Dialects. International Journal of Language and Linguistics, 3(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20150301.11

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    Basem I. M. Al-Raba’a. The Manner of Articulation of the Emphatic /dˁ/ in Both Saudi and Palestinian Dialects. Int. J. Lang. Linguist. 2015, 3(1), 1-7. doi: 10.11648/j.ijll.20150301.11

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    AMA Style

    Basem I. M. Al-Raba’a. The Manner of Articulation of the Emphatic /dˁ/ in Both Saudi and Palestinian Dialects. Int J Lang Linguist. 2015;3(1):1-7. doi: 10.11648/j.ijll.20150301.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijll.20150301.11,
      author = {Basem I. M. Al-Raba’a},
      title = {The Manner of Articulation of the Emphatic /dˁ/ in Both Saudi and Palestinian Dialects},
      journal = {International Journal of Language and Linguistics},
      volume = {3},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1-7},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijll.20150301.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20150301.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijll.20150301.11},
      abstract = {This study aims at investigatingthe manner of articulation of the emphatic /dˁ/ sound in both the Saudi and Palestinian dialects. The subjects’ sound recordings have been digitized on a PC and analyzed via Praat.The results reveal that the Saudis produce /dˁ/ as an emphatic fricative, whereas the Palestinians as an emphatic plosive. The implications of this study suggest that /ðˁ/ (the fricative emphatic sound) and /dˁ/ (the plosive emphatic sound) merge into /ðˁ/ in Saudi Arabic, whereas they are distinct from one another in Palestinian Arabic. This is similar to Alani’s (1970: 46) finding that the /dˁ/ sound is pronounced as /ðˁ/ (emphatic fricative), but not as /dˁ/ (pharyngealized plosive) in Iraqi dialects except in the dialects of Iraqi Christians despite its orthographical representation as /dˁ/ in the writing system.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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    AB  - This study aims at investigatingthe manner of articulation of the emphatic /dˁ/ sound in both the Saudi and Palestinian dialects. The subjects’ sound recordings have been digitized on a PC and analyzed via Praat.The results reveal that the Saudis produce /dˁ/ as an emphatic fricative, whereas the Palestinians as an emphatic plosive. The implications of this study suggest that /ðˁ/ (the fricative emphatic sound) and /dˁ/ (the plosive emphatic sound) merge into /ðˁ/ in Saudi Arabic, whereas they are distinct from one another in Palestinian Arabic. This is similar to Alani’s (1970: 46) finding that the /dˁ/ sound is pronounced as /ðˁ/ (emphatic fricative), but not as /dˁ/ (pharyngealized plosive) in Iraqi dialects except in the dialects of Iraqi Christians despite its orthographical representation as /dˁ/ in the writing system.
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Author Information
  • Department of Near Eastern Languages and Cultures and Department of Linguistics, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, USA

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