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Mechanical and Physical Properties of PP and HDPE

Received: 27 September 2019     Accepted: 21 October 2019     Published: 25 October 2019
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Abstract

The properties of these polymers, as in the case of any materials, depending on the molecular weight of the polymer and the structure of the polymer chains. The main objective of this work is to study the mechanical and physical properties of pure PP and HDPE. To obtain a full characterization of pure polymer, samples were produced using a compression molding technique. Polymeric samples successfully filled the cavity of the die. The mechanical properties of PP and HDPE were determined using three-point bending, compression, hardness and impact test. While the physical properties were studied through density and water absorption. Also, the thermal analysis behavior was determined by thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and thermomechnical analysis. Results showed the structure affects the properties. The PP showed better elastic modulus and strength due to the methyl attached to the carbon that prevents the chain rotation and hence makes the material stronger but inflexible. On the other hand, the absorbed energy of PP is less than that of HDPE. The thermogravimetric analysis results show a single weight-loss event with a degradation temperature of 310°C for HDPE and 255°C for PP. The differential scanning calorimetry shows that the crystallinity of PP (≅51) is less than that for HDPE (≅68) due to the difference in the specific heat. The coefficient of thermal expansion of HDPE is higher than that of PP due to the stronger interatomic forces.

Published in Engineering Science (Volume 4, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.es.20190402.12
Page(s) 34-42
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

PP, HDPE, Mechanical Properties, Physical Properties, Thermal Properties

References
[1] Massaro, R., et al., Flow-Induced Crystallization of Polyamide-6. International Polymer Processing, 2018. 33 (3): p. 327-335.
[2] Junior, C., WD Materials Science and Engineering an Introduction. 2000, EUA: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
[3] Mittal, V., Spherical and fibrous filler composites. 2016: John Wiley & Sons.
[4] AL-Oqla, F. M., Investigating the mechanical performance deterioration of Mediterranean cellulosic cypress and pine/polyethylene composites. Cellulose, 2017. 24 (6): p. 2523-2530.
[5] Cohen, R. E., Handbook of plastics and elastomers, Charles A. Harper, Editor‐in‐Chief, 1024 pages, 525 Illustrations, McGraw‐Hill Book Company, $39.50. AIChE Journal, 1976. 22 (2): p. 413-413.
[6] Paul, D., Concise encyclopedia of polymer science and engineering, Jacqueline I. Kroschwitz, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1990. $135.00. Journal of Polymer Science B Polymer Physics, 1991. 29: p. 1653-1654.
[7] Dowling, N. E., Mechanical behavior of materials: engineering methods for deformation, fracture, and fatigue. 2012: Pearson.
[8] Awad, A. and M. H. Abdellatif, Assessment of mechanical and physical properties of LDPE reinforced with marble dust. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2019: p. 106948.
[9] Watson, E., et al., A Differential Scanning Calorimeter for Quantitative Differential Thermal Analysis. Analytical Chemistry, 1964. 36 (7): p. 1233-1238.
[10] Awad, A., et al., A study of some thermal and mechanical properties of HDPE blend with marble and granite dust. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 2019. 10 (2): p. 353-358.
[11] Peterlin, A., Macromolecular physics, vol. 2, Bernhard Wunderlich, Academic Press, New York, 1976, 461 pp. Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition, 1976. 14 (9): p. 571-571.
[12] da Costa, H. M., V. D. Ramos, and M. G. de Oliveira, Degradation of polypropylene (PP) during multiple extrusions: Thermal analysis, mechanical properties and analysis of variance. Polymer Testing, 2007. 26 (5): p. 676-684.
[13] Salih, S. E., A. F. Hamood, and A. H. A. Alsalam, Comparison of the characteristics of LDPE: PP and HDPE: PP polymer blends. Modern Applied Science, 2013. 7 (3): p. 33.
[14] Mengeloglu, F. and K. Karakus, Thermal degradation, mechanical properties and morphology of wheat straw flour filled recycled thermoplastic composites. Sensors, 2008. 8 (1): p. 500-519.
[15] Bagher, A. M. and B. M. Reza, Polymer Optic Technology. Optics, 2015. 4 (1): p. 1.
[16] Awad, A., et al., Mechanical behavior of PP reinforced with marble dust. Construction and Building Materials, 2019. 228: p. 116766.
[17] Awad, A., et al., The influence of adding marble and granite dust on the mechanical and physical properties of PP composites. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2019.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Ahmed Hassan Awad, Ramadan El Gamasy, Ayman Abd El Wahab, Mohamed Hazem Abdellatif. (2019). Mechanical and Physical Properties of PP and HDPE. Engineering Science, 4(2), 34-42. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.es.20190402.12

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    ACS Style

    Ahmed Hassan Awad; Ramadan El Gamasy; Ayman Abd El Wahab; Mohamed Hazem Abdellatif. Mechanical and Physical Properties of PP and HDPE. Eng. Sci. 2019, 4(2), 34-42. doi: 10.11648/j.es.20190402.12

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    AMA Style

    Ahmed Hassan Awad, Ramadan El Gamasy, Ayman Abd El Wahab, Mohamed Hazem Abdellatif. Mechanical and Physical Properties of PP and HDPE. Eng Sci. 2019;4(2):34-42. doi: 10.11648/j.es.20190402.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.es.20190402.12,
      author = {Ahmed Hassan Awad and Ramadan El Gamasy and Ayman Abd El Wahab and Mohamed Hazem Abdellatif},
      title = {Mechanical and Physical Properties of PP and HDPE},
      journal = {Engineering Science},
      volume = {4},
      number = {2},
      pages = {34-42},
      doi = {10.11648/j.es.20190402.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.es.20190402.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.es.20190402.12},
      abstract = {The properties of these polymers, as in the case of any materials, depending on the molecular weight of the polymer and the structure of the polymer chains. The main objective of this work is to study the mechanical and physical properties of pure PP and HDPE. To obtain a full characterization of pure polymer, samples were produced using a compression molding technique. Polymeric samples successfully filled the cavity of the die. The mechanical properties of PP and HDPE were determined using three-point bending, compression, hardness and impact test. While the physical properties were studied through density and water absorption. Also, the thermal analysis behavior was determined by thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and thermomechnical analysis. Results showed the structure affects the properties. The PP showed better elastic modulus and strength due to the methyl attached to the carbon that prevents the chain rotation and hence makes the material stronger but inflexible. On the other hand, the absorbed energy of PP is less than that of HDPE. The thermogravimetric analysis results show a single weight-loss event with a degradation temperature of 310°C for HDPE and 255°C for PP. The differential scanning calorimetry shows that the crystallinity of PP (≅51) is less than that for HDPE (≅68) due to the difference in the specific heat. The coefficient of thermal expansion of HDPE is higher than that of PP due to the stronger interatomic forces.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Mechanical and Physical Properties of PP and HDPE
    AU  - Ahmed Hassan Awad
    AU  - Ramadan El Gamasy
    AU  - Ayman Abd El Wahab
    AU  - Mohamed Hazem Abdellatif
    Y1  - 2019/10/25
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.es.20190402.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.es.20190402.12
    T2  - Engineering Science
    JF  - Engineering Science
    JO  - Engineering Science
    SP  - 34
    EP  - 42
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2578-9279
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.es.20190402.12
    AB  - The properties of these polymers, as in the case of any materials, depending on the molecular weight of the polymer and the structure of the polymer chains. The main objective of this work is to study the mechanical and physical properties of pure PP and HDPE. To obtain a full characterization of pure polymer, samples were produced using a compression molding technique. Polymeric samples successfully filled the cavity of the die. The mechanical properties of PP and HDPE were determined using three-point bending, compression, hardness and impact test. While the physical properties were studied through density and water absorption. Also, the thermal analysis behavior was determined by thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and thermomechnical analysis. Results showed the structure affects the properties. The PP showed better elastic modulus and strength due to the methyl attached to the carbon that prevents the chain rotation and hence makes the material stronger but inflexible. On the other hand, the absorbed energy of PP is less than that of HDPE. The thermogravimetric analysis results show a single weight-loss event with a degradation temperature of 310°C for HDPE and 255°C for PP. The differential scanning calorimetry shows that the crystallinity of PP (≅51) is less than that for HDPE (≅68) due to the difference in the specific heat. The coefficient of thermal expansion of HDPE is higher than that of PP due to the stronger interatomic forces.
    VL  - 4
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Design and Production Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

  • Design and Production Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

  • Design and Production Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

  • Design and Production Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

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