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Isolation of Enteric Bacteria from Various Sources in Selected Poultry Farms in Kaduna State

Received: 22 August 2018     Accepted: 10 September 2018     Published: 12 April 2019
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Abstract

This study was designed to isolate enteric bacteria from various sources in selected poultry farms in Kaduna state. One hundred and fifty samples of poultry feed, water and droppings from five poultry farms in Kafanchan, Zaria, Gonin-gora, Kamazou and Ungwan Television were examined for the presence of enteric bacteria. 30 samples were collected from each farm and were analysed using spread plate method. The culture media used were Selenite Feaces (SF) broth) and Bismuth sulphite agar. The contaminants isolated include Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp and Proteus mirabilis. The distribution of the isolates based on sample type were droppings (1.33%) and feed (2.67%). There was no significant difference in each of the samples (p>0.05). The percentage distribution of isolates based on location were: Kafanchan (0.00%), Zaria (0.00%), Kamazou (33.33%) for Salmonella and (16.67%) for Proteus mirabilis, Gonin-gora (50%), and Television (0.00%). The results showed that the poultry feeds and droppings from the poultry farms visited in Kaduna, Nigeria had bacteria contaminants. The presence of these bacteria may be a serious health concern as these organisms are involved in causing various diseases. Therefore, hygienic measures should be taken in processing and handling of the poultry products being sold to general public. The national and local health authorities should enforce the food hygiene regulations to reduce the spread of diseases caused by these enteric bacteria. Public enlightenment programmes on the modes of transmission of Salmonella, E. coli and P. mirabilis should be conducted by Human and Veterinary Public Health services. Further studies should be conducted to know the extent of distribution of these organisms in different areas of Kaduna State and the country at large.

Published in Bioprocess Engineering (Volume 3, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.be.20190301.11
Page(s) 1-5
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Poultry, Feed, Water, Droppings, Enteric Bacteria, Escherichia Coli, Salmonella Spp, Proteus Mirabilis

References
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[2] Nandi, S.P., Sultana, M., Hossain, M.A. (2013). Prevalence and Characterization of Multidrug Resistant Zoonotic Enterobacter spp. in Poultry of Bangladesh. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease 10:420-427.
[3] Adeleke, E. O. and Omafuvbe B. O., (2011). Antibiotic Resistance of Aerobic Mesophilic Bacteria Isolated from Poultry Feaces. Research Journal of Microbiology, 6: 356-356.
[4] Behravesh, C.B., Brinson, D., Hopkins, B.A., Gomez, T.M. (2014). Backyard Poultry Flocks and Salmonellosis: A Recurring, yet Preventable Public Health Challenge. Clinical of Infectious Diseases, 58;1432-1438.
[5] Brenner, F. W., OʼHara, C. M., Miller, J. M. (2010). Classification, Identification, and Clinical Significance of Proteus, Providencia and Morganella. Clinical Microbiology Review 13: 534-546.
[6] Hossain, M.A., Islam, M.M., Islam, A.F., Iji, P.A. (2011). Constraints to use all-vegetable Feed Ingredients and Strategies to Improve such Diets for Poultry Birds: A review. Research Publication Journal. 6(1):120-125.
[7] Hafez, H.M. (2005). Governmental Regulations and Concept behind Eradication and Control of some Important Poultry Diseases. World’s Poultry Science, 61: 569-582.
[8] Gillespie, B.E, Mathew, A.G, Draughon, F.A, Jayarao B. M., Oliver, S.P. (2012). Detection of Salmonella Enteric Somatic Groups. Journal of Food Protection; 66:2367-2370.
[9] Mulata, G., Beyene, G., Zeynudin, A. (2014). Prevalence of Shigella, Salmonella, and Campylobacter species and their Susceptibility Patterns among Under Five Children with Diarrhea. Ethiopian Journal of Health Science, 24; 101-108.
[10] Musa, I.W., Mansur, M.S., Saidu, L., Mohammed, B., Kaltungo, B.Y., Lawan, M.K. (2014). Isolation and Antibiogram of Salmonella Species from Waste and Poultry Feed in Selected Commercial Farms in Zaria, Nigeria. Times Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science 2(2):75-80.
[11] Chowdhuri, A., Iqbal, A., Giasuddin, M., Bhuiyan, A.A. (2011). Study on Isolation and Identification of Salmonella and Escherichia coli from different Poultry Feeds of Savar Region of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Journal of Scientific Research. 3(2):403-411.
[12] Mohanta, M.K., Islam, M.S., Saha, A.K., Khatun, S., Khatun, Z. (2016). Antibiogram Profiles of Bacterial Isolates from Poultry Feeds. Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research 2(5):41-46.
[13] Chessbrough, M. (2006). District Laboratory Practice in Tropical Countries, Part 2. 1st Edition., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge ISBN-10: 113944929X, pp: 135-140, 188-189, 440.
[14] David, O. M. and Ogunlade, J. T. (2013) Qualities of Poultry Feeds Produced by Local Small-scale Feed Mills in Ekiti State, Nigeria: A Public Health and Feed Safety Study. Animal Vetenary. Science, 3(9), 297-302.
[15] Uwaezuoke, J. C. and Ogbulie, J. N. (2008) Microbiological Quality of Commercially Available Poultry Feeds sold in Parts of Eastern Nigeria. Journal of Applied Science and Environmental Management 12(1) 113 – 117.
[16] Okoli, I.C. (2006). Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of E. coli Isolated from Free Range Chickens in Urban and Rural Environments of Imo State, Nigeria. Online Journal of Health and Allied Science. 5(1), 1-6.
[17] Park, S.D., Uh, Y., Lee, G., Lim, K., Kim, J.B. (2010). Prevalence and Resistance Patterns of Extended-spectrum and AmpC Beta-lactamase in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and Salmonella serovar Stanley in a Korean tertiary hospital. APMIS118:801-808.
[18] Maciorowski, K. G., Herrera, P., Kundinger, M. M. and Ricke, S. C. (2006). Animal Feed Production and Contamination by Foodborne Salmonella. Journal fur Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit, 1: 197-209.
[19] Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). (2008). GMP Certification Scheme Animal Feed. Sector 2006, Appendix 1: Product Standards; Regulations on Product Standards in the Animal Feed Sector. Good Manufacturing Practices, 14: 1-39.
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[21] Noohi, N., Ebrahimipour, G., Rohani, M., Talebi, M., Pourshafie, M.R. (2014). Phenotypic Characteristics and Probiotics Potential of Lactobacillus Spp. Isolated from Poultry. Journal of Microbiology 7(9): e17824.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Madaki Esther Chat, Anthony John Dadah, Auwalu Uba. (2019). Isolation of Enteric Bacteria from Various Sources in Selected Poultry Farms in Kaduna State. Bioprocess Engineering, 3(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.be.20190301.11

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    ACS Style

    Madaki Esther Chat; Anthony John Dadah; Auwalu Uba. Isolation of Enteric Bacteria from Various Sources in Selected Poultry Farms in Kaduna State. Bioprocess Eng. 2019, 3(1), 1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.be.20190301.11

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    AMA Style

    Madaki Esther Chat, Anthony John Dadah, Auwalu Uba. Isolation of Enteric Bacteria from Various Sources in Selected Poultry Farms in Kaduna State. Bioprocess Eng. 2019;3(1):1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.be.20190301.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.be.20190301.11,
      author = {Madaki Esther Chat and Anthony John Dadah and Auwalu Uba},
      title = {Isolation of Enteric Bacteria from Various Sources in Selected Poultry Farms in Kaduna State},
      journal = {Bioprocess Engineering},
      volume = {3},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1-5},
      doi = {10.11648/j.be.20190301.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.be.20190301.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.be.20190301.11},
      abstract = {This study was designed to isolate enteric bacteria from various sources in selected poultry farms in Kaduna state. One hundred and fifty samples of poultry feed, water and droppings from five poultry farms in Kafanchan, Zaria, Gonin-gora, Kamazou and Ungwan Television were examined for the presence of enteric bacteria. 30 samples were collected from each farm and were analysed using spread plate method. The culture media used were Selenite Feaces (SF) broth) and Bismuth sulphite agar. The contaminants isolated include Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp and Proteus mirabilis. The distribution of the isolates based on sample type were droppings (1.33%) and feed (2.67%). There was no significant difference in each of the samples (p>0.05). The percentage distribution of isolates based on location were: Kafanchan (0.00%), Zaria (0.00%), Kamazou (33.33%) for Salmonella and (16.67%) for Proteus mirabilis, Gonin-gora (50%), and Television (0.00%). The results showed that the poultry feeds and droppings from the poultry farms visited in Kaduna, Nigeria had bacteria contaminants. The presence of these bacteria may be a serious health concern as these organisms are involved in causing various diseases. Therefore, hygienic measures should be taken in processing and handling of the poultry products being sold to general public. The national and local health authorities should enforce the food hygiene regulations to reduce the spread of diseases caused by these enteric bacteria. Public enlightenment programmes on the modes of transmission of Salmonella, E. coli and P. mirabilis should be conducted by Human and Veterinary Public Health services. Further studies should be conducted to know the extent of distribution of these organisms in different areas of Kaduna State and the country at large.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Isolation of Enteric Bacteria from Various Sources in Selected Poultry Farms in Kaduna State
    AU  - Madaki Esther Chat
    AU  - Anthony John Dadah
    AU  - Auwalu Uba
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    AB  - This study was designed to isolate enteric bacteria from various sources in selected poultry farms in Kaduna state. One hundred and fifty samples of poultry feed, water and droppings from five poultry farms in Kafanchan, Zaria, Gonin-gora, Kamazou and Ungwan Television were examined for the presence of enteric bacteria. 30 samples were collected from each farm and were analysed using spread plate method. The culture media used were Selenite Feaces (SF) broth) and Bismuth sulphite agar. The contaminants isolated include Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp and Proteus mirabilis. The distribution of the isolates based on sample type were droppings (1.33%) and feed (2.67%). There was no significant difference in each of the samples (p>0.05). The percentage distribution of isolates based on location were: Kafanchan (0.00%), Zaria (0.00%), Kamazou (33.33%) for Salmonella and (16.67%) for Proteus mirabilis, Gonin-gora (50%), and Television (0.00%). The results showed that the poultry feeds and droppings from the poultry farms visited in Kaduna, Nigeria had bacteria contaminants. The presence of these bacteria may be a serious health concern as these organisms are involved in causing various diseases. Therefore, hygienic measures should be taken in processing and handling of the poultry products being sold to general public. The national and local health authorities should enforce the food hygiene regulations to reduce the spread of diseases caused by these enteric bacteria. Public enlightenment programmes on the modes of transmission of Salmonella, E. coli and P. mirabilis should be conducted by Human and Veterinary Public Health services. Further studies should be conducted to know the extent of distribution of these organisms in different areas of Kaduna State and the country at large.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 1
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Author Information
  • Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria

  • Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria

  • Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria

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