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Giant Orbital Rhabdomyosarcoma in a Newborn: Case Report

Received: 21 February 2022     Accepted: 15 March 2022     Published: 23 March 2022
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Abstract

Rhabdomyosarcoma is the single most common type of soft tissue sarcoma in childhood and teenage, it has been reported from birth to the seventh decade, with the majority of cases presenting in early childhood but it is very rare in neonates. The orbit including the eyelids is the usual primary site in the head and neck, and it is a highly malignant tumor. There have been only a few cases of congenital orbital rhabdomyosarcoma previously reported in the literature. We report a case of a newborn girl that was admitted in our structure 2 days after her birth with giant right orbital mass inducing proptosis that was discovered at birth. MRI showed a poorly defined mass but biopsy of the tumor confirmed the diagnosis of Rhabdomyosarcoma. Chemotherapy was started accordingly with VAC regimen with a good evolution under treatment infortunatly the patient died at four month old from an infectious disease because she doen’t receive any vaccination. Congenital RMS has a poor prognosis and must benefit from a multidisciplinary approach. Children with cancer need to be immunized against the common vaccine-preventable diseases sometimes during ongoing chemotherapy to increase their chance of survival. Prenatal diagnosis may also improve the prognosis of these patients.

Published in American Journal of Pediatrics (Volume 8, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajp.20220801.18
Page(s) 36-38
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Rhabdomyosarcoma, Neonate, Vaccination

References
[1] Rao AA, Naheedy JH, Chen JY, Robbins SL, Ramkumar HL: A clinical update and radiologic review of pediatric orbital and ocular tumors. J Oncol 2013; 2013: 975908.
[2] Huh W, Mahajan A: Ophthalmic oncology. In: Esmaeli B (ed): Ophthalmic Oncology. Boston, Springer, 2011, pp 61–67.
[3] Wexler LH, Crist WM, Helman LJ. Rhabdomyosarcoma and the undifferentiated sarcomas. In: Pizzo PA, Poplack DG, editors. Principles and practice of pediatric oncology, 4th edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002: 939–971.
[4] Weiss SW, Goldblum JR. Rhabdomyosarcoma. In: Weiss SW, Goldblum JR, editors. Enzinger and Weiss’s soft tissue tumors (4th edition). St Louis: CV Mosby, 2001: 785–835.
[5] Singh AD, Traboulsi EI, Reid J, et al: Orbital cyst: prenatal diagnosis. Ophthalmology 2009; 116: 2042–2042. e2.
[6] Kikuchi K, Rubin BP, Keller C: Developmental origins of fusion-negative rhabdomyosarcomas. Curr Top Dev Biol 2011; 96: 33–56.
[7] Ragab AH, Heyn R, Tefft M, Hays DN, Newton WA, Beltangady M. Infants younger than one year of age with rhabdomyosarcoma. Cancer. 1986; 58: 2606–2610.
[8] Carli M, Grotto P, Cordero di Montezemolo L, et al. Soft tissue sarcomas in infants less than 1 year old: experience of the Italian Cooperative Study RMS-79. Contrib Oncol Basel Karger. 1990, 41: 165–173.
[9] Salloum E, Flamant F, Rey A, et al. Rhabdomyosarcoma in infants under one year of age: experience of the Institut Gustave-Roussy. Med Pediatr Oncol. 1989; 17: 424–428.
[10] Orbach D, Rey A, Quintana E, Oberlin O, Sanchez de Toledo J, Stevens MCG. Malignantmesenchymaltumours (MMT) in infants [abstract O71]. International Society of Paediatric Oncology XXXIII Meeting, Brisbane, Australia, 10–13 October 2001. Med Pediatr Oncol. 2001; 37: 181.
[11] Koscielniak E, Harms D, Schmidt D, et al. Soft tissue sarcomas in infants younger than 1 year of age: a report of the German Soft Tossue Sarcoma Study Group (CWS-81). Med Pediatr Oncol. 1989; 17: 105–110.
[12] Harmer MH. TNM classification of pediatric tumors. Geneva: UICC International Union Against Cancer, 1982: 23–28.
[13] Krischer JP, Epstein S, Cuthbertson DD, Goorin AM, Epstein M, Lipshultz SE. Clinical cardiotoxicity following anthracycline treatment for childhood cancer: the Pediatric Oncology Group experience. J Clin Oncol. 1997; 15: 1544–1552.
[14] D. Joshi, James R. Anderson, C. Paidas, J. Breneman, D. M. Parham, and W. Crist. Age Is an Independent Prognostic Factor in Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Report From the Soft Tissue Sarcoma Committee of the Children’s Oncology Group Age Is an Independent Prognostic Factor in Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Report From the Soft Tissue Sarcoma Committee of the Children’s Oncology Group Pediatr Blood Cancer 2004; 42: 64–73.
[15] Crist WM, Anderson JR, Meza JL, et al. Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study-IV: results for patients with nonmetastatic disease. J Clin Oncol. 2001; 19: 3091–3102.
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  • APA Style

    Ghizlane Amri, Yasmine Bennani, Mohammed Belmekki. (2022). Giant Orbital Rhabdomyosarcoma in a Newborn: Case Report. American Journal of Pediatrics, 8(1), 36-38. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20220801.18

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    ACS Style

    Ghizlane Amri; Yasmine Bennani; Mohammed Belmekki. Giant Orbital Rhabdomyosarcoma in a Newborn: Case Report. Am. J. Pediatr. 2022, 8(1), 36-38. doi: 10.11648/j.ajp.20220801.18

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    AMA Style

    Ghizlane Amri, Yasmine Bennani, Mohammed Belmekki. Giant Orbital Rhabdomyosarcoma in a Newborn: Case Report. Am J Pediatr. 2022;8(1):36-38. doi: 10.11648/j.ajp.20220801.18

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajp.20220801.18,
      author = {Ghizlane Amri and Yasmine Bennani and Mohammed Belmekki},
      title = {Giant Orbital Rhabdomyosarcoma in a Newborn: Case Report},
      journal = {American Journal of Pediatrics},
      volume = {8},
      number = {1},
      pages = {36-38},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajp.20220801.18},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20220801.18},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajp.20220801.18},
      abstract = {Rhabdomyosarcoma is the single most common type of soft tissue sarcoma in childhood and teenage, it has been reported from birth to the seventh decade, with the majority of cases presenting in early childhood but it is very rare in neonates. The orbit including the eyelids is the usual primary site in the head and neck, and it is a highly malignant tumor. There have been only a few cases of congenital orbital rhabdomyosarcoma previously reported in the literature. We report a case of a newborn girl that was admitted in our structure 2 days after her birth with giant right orbital mass inducing proptosis that was discovered at birth. MRI showed a poorly defined mass but biopsy of the tumor confirmed the diagnosis of Rhabdomyosarcoma. Chemotherapy was started accordingly with VAC regimen with a good evolution under treatment infortunatly the patient died at four month old from an infectious disease because she doen’t receive any vaccination. Congenital RMS has a poor prognosis and must benefit from a multidisciplinary approach. Children with cancer need to be immunized against the common vaccine-preventable diseases sometimes during ongoing chemotherapy to increase their chance of survival. Prenatal diagnosis may also improve the prognosis of these patients.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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    AU  - Ghizlane Amri
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    AU  - Mohammed Belmekki
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    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20220801.18
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajp.20220801.18
    T2  - American Journal of Pediatrics
    JF  - American Journal of Pediatrics
    JO  - American Journal of Pediatrics
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    EP  - 38
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2472-0909
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajp.20220801.18
    AB  - Rhabdomyosarcoma is the single most common type of soft tissue sarcoma in childhood and teenage, it has been reported from birth to the seventh decade, with the majority of cases presenting in early childhood but it is very rare in neonates. The orbit including the eyelids is the usual primary site in the head and neck, and it is a highly malignant tumor. There have been only a few cases of congenital orbital rhabdomyosarcoma previously reported in the literature. We report a case of a newborn girl that was admitted in our structure 2 days after her birth with giant right orbital mass inducing proptosis that was discovered at birth. MRI showed a poorly defined mass but biopsy of the tumor confirmed the diagnosis of Rhabdomyosarcoma. Chemotherapy was started accordingly with VAC regimen with a good evolution under treatment infortunatly the patient died at four month old from an infectious disease because she doen’t receive any vaccination. Congenital RMS has a poor prognosis and must benefit from a multidisciplinary approach. Children with cancer need to be immunized against the common vaccine-preventable diseases sometimes during ongoing chemotherapy to increase their chance of survival. Prenatal diagnosis may also improve the prognosis of these patients.
    VL  - 8
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Author Information
  • Department of Ophtalmology, Cheikh Khalifa Teaching Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco

  • Department of Ophtalmology, Cheikh Zayed Teaching Hospital, Rabat, Morocco

  • Department of Ophtalmology, Cheikh Zayed Teaching Hospital, Rabat, Morocco

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