| Peer-Reviewed

Severe Impaired Bone Formation was Induced by Short-Term Fasting in Adult Mice

Received: 6 December 2016     Published: 7 December 2016
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

The alterations in bone metabolism were associated with food and nutrition. Regrettably is that no studies have analyzed the bone microstructure subjected to complete fasting in mammals. Our study aimed to identify the effects and alterations of complete fasting on bones via histomorphometric analysis in adult female mice. Twelve-week-old C57BL/6J female mice were randomly divided into ad libitum (AL) and two-day complete fasting (FA) groups. Histomorphometry was carried out to analyze the differences in the microstructure of femurs after the experiment period. The histomorphometric data indicated that the bone resorption parameters, including the number of osteoclasts (Mu.N.Oc/B.Pm), osteoclast surface (Oc.S/BS), and eroded surface (ES/BS), were similar between the two groups. However, the bone formation parameters, including the number of osteoblasts (N.Ob/B.Pm) and osteoblast surface (Ob.S/BS), were markedly decreased in the FA group compared with the AL group. Thus, bone formation but not bone resorption was severely impaired following complete fasting. Furthermore, the osteoid surface (OS/BS) was observably reduced, which indicates that the bone mass should be reduced. However, there was no dramatic reduction in the osteoid thickness (O.Th); thus, the bone mass remained relatively stable between the two groups. These findings provide new insights in the increased incidence of osteoporosis in individuals on weight-reduction diets and other bone diseases associated with undernutrition.

Published in American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (Volume 4, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.19
Page(s) 212-215
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Boneformation, Osteoblast, Bone Resorption, Osteoclast, Histomorphometry

References
[1] Reid IR. “Relationships among body mass, its components, and bone,” Bone. vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 547-555, Nov. 2002.
[2] Fazeli PK, Klibanski A. “Anorexia nervosa and bone metabolism,” Bone. vol. 66, pp. 39-45, Sep. 2014.
[3] Goebel G, Schweiger U, Krüger R, et al. “Predictors of bone mineral density in patients with eating disorders,” Int J Eat Disord, vol .25, no. 2, pp. 143-150, Mar. 1999.
[4] Hampson G, Martin FC, Moffat K, et al. “Effects of dietary improvement on bone metabolism in elderly underweight women with osteoporosis: a randomised controlled trial,” Osteoporos Int. vol. 14, no. 9, pp. 750-756, Sep. 2003.
[5] Devine A Dick IM, Islam AF, et al. “Protein consumption is an important predictor of lower limb bone mass in elderly women,” Am J Clin Nutr. vol. 81, no. 6, pp. 1423-1428, Jun. 2005.
[6] Ihle R, Loucks AB.“Dose-response relationships between energy availability and bone turnover in young exercising women,” J Bone Miner Res. vol. 19, no. 8, pp. 1231-1240, Aug. 2004.
[7] Grinspoon SK, Baum HB, Kim V, et al.“Decreased bone formation and increased mineral dissolution during acute fasting in young women,” J Clin Endocrinol Metab, vol. 80, no. 12, pp. 3628-3633, Dec. 1995.
[8] Talbott SM, Shapses SA.“Fasting and energy intake influence bone turnover in lightweight male rowers,” Int J Sport Nutr, vol. 8, no4, pp. 377-387, Dec. 1998.
[9] Hamrick MW, Ding KH, Ponnala S, et al.“Caloric restriction decreases cortical bone mass but spares trabecular bone in the mouse skeleton: implications for the regulation of bone mass by body weight,” J Bone Miner Res, vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 870-878, Jun. 2008.
[10] Brochmann EJ, Duarte ME, Zaidi HA, et al.“Effects of dietary restriction on total body, femoral, and vertebral bone in SENCAR, C57BL/6, and DBA/2 mice,” Metabolism, vol. 52, no. 10, pp. 1265-1273, Oct. 2003.
[11] Shushimita S, de Bruijn MJ, de Bruin RW, et al. Dietary restriction and fasting arrest B and T cell development and increase mature B and T cell numbers in bonemarrow,” PLoS One, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. e87772, Feb. 2014.
[12] Fujita Y, Yanagida H, Mimori T, et al.“Prevention of fasting-mediated bone marrow atrophy by leptin administration,” Cell Immunol, vol. 273, no. 1, pp. 52-58, 2012.
[13] Barger-Lux MJ, Recker RR.“Bone microstructure in osteoporosis: transilial biopsy and histomorphometry,” Top Magn Reson Imaging, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 297-305, Oct. 2002.
[14] Hauser R, Barres D, Durigon M, et al.“Identification using histomorphometry of the femur and tibia,” Acta Med Leg Soc (Liege), vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 91-97, 1980.
[15] Nakabayashi Y, Wevers HW, Cooke TD, et al.“Bone strength and histomorphometry of the distal femur,” J Arthroplasty, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 307-315, Jun. 1994.
[16] Parfitt AM. “Bone histomorphometry: proposed system for standardization of nomenclature, symbols, and units,” Calcif Tissue Int, vol. 42, no. 5, pp. 284-286, May. 1988.
[17] Josse AR, Atkinson SA, Tarnopolsky MA, et al. “Diets higher in dairy foods and dietary protein support bone health during diet- and exercise-induced weight lossin overweight and obese premenopausal women,” J Clin Endocrinol Metab, vol. 97, no. 1, pp. 251-260, Jan. 2012.
[18] Nebot E1, Erben RG, Porres JM, et al. “Effects of the amount and source of dietary protein on bone status in rats,” Food Funct, vol. 5, no 4, pp. 716-23, Apr. 2014.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Jiajing Chen, Rui He, Juan Li, Yan Zhang, Jinwei Qi, et al. (2016). Severe Impaired Bone Formation was Induced by Short-Term Fasting in Adult Mice. American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 4(6), 212-215. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.19

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Jiajing Chen; Rui He; Juan Li; Yan Zhang; Jinwei Qi, et al. Severe Impaired Bone Formation was Induced by Short-Term Fasting in Adult Mice. Am. J. Clin. Exp. Med. 2016, 4(6), 212-215. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.19

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Jiajing Chen, Rui He, Juan Li, Yan Zhang, Jinwei Qi, et al. Severe Impaired Bone Formation was Induced by Short-Term Fasting in Adult Mice. Am J Clin Exp Med. 2016;4(6):212-215. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.19

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.19,
      author = {Jiajing Chen and Rui He and Juan Li and Yan Zhang and Jinwei Qi and Xianghui Meng and Yuying Wang},
      title = {Severe Impaired Bone Formation was Induced by Short-Term Fasting in Adult Mice},
      journal = {American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine},
      volume = {4},
      number = {6},
      pages = {212-215},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.19},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.19},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcem.20160406.19},
      abstract = {The alterations in bone metabolism were associated with food and nutrition. Regrettably is that no studies have analyzed the bone microstructure subjected to complete fasting in mammals. Our study aimed to identify the effects and alterations of complete fasting on bones via histomorphometric analysis in adult female mice. Twelve-week-old C57BL/6J female mice were randomly divided into ad libitum (AL) and two-day complete fasting (FA) groups. Histomorphometry was carried out to analyze the differences in the microstructure of femurs after the experiment period. The histomorphometric data indicated that the bone resorption parameters, including the number of osteoclasts (Mu.N.Oc/B.Pm), osteoclast surface (Oc.S/BS), and eroded surface (ES/BS), were similar between the two groups. However, the bone formation parameters, including the number of osteoblasts (N.Ob/B.Pm) and osteoblast surface (Ob.S/BS), were markedly decreased in the FA group compared with the AL group. Thus, bone formation but not bone resorption was severely impaired following complete fasting. Furthermore, the osteoid surface (OS/BS) was observably reduced, which indicates that the bone mass should be reduced. However, there was no dramatic reduction in the osteoid thickness (O.Th); thus, the bone mass remained relatively stable between the two groups. These findings provide new insights in the increased incidence of osteoporosis in individuals on weight-reduction diets and other bone diseases associated with undernutrition.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Severe Impaired Bone Formation was Induced by Short-Term Fasting in Adult Mice
    AU  - Jiajing Chen
    AU  - Rui He
    AU  - Juan Li
    AU  - Yan Zhang
    AU  - Jinwei Qi
    AU  - Xianghui Meng
    AU  - Yuying Wang
    Y1  - 2016/12/07
    PY  - 2016
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.19
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.19
    T2  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
    JF  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
    JO  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
    SP  - 212
    EP  - 215
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8133
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.19
    AB  - The alterations in bone metabolism were associated with food and nutrition. Regrettably is that no studies have analyzed the bone microstructure subjected to complete fasting in mammals. Our study aimed to identify the effects and alterations of complete fasting on bones via histomorphometric analysis in adult female mice. Twelve-week-old C57BL/6J female mice were randomly divided into ad libitum (AL) and two-day complete fasting (FA) groups. Histomorphometry was carried out to analyze the differences in the microstructure of femurs after the experiment period. The histomorphometric data indicated that the bone resorption parameters, including the number of osteoclasts (Mu.N.Oc/B.Pm), osteoclast surface (Oc.S/BS), and eroded surface (ES/BS), were similar between the two groups. However, the bone formation parameters, including the number of osteoblasts (N.Ob/B.Pm) and osteoblast surface (Ob.S/BS), were markedly decreased in the FA group compared with the AL group. Thus, bone formation but not bone resorption was severely impaired following complete fasting. Furthermore, the osteoid surface (OS/BS) was observably reduced, which indicates that the bone mass should be reduced. However, there was no dramatic reduction in the osteoid thickness (O.Th); thus, the bone mass remained relatively stable between the two groups. These findings provide new insights in the increased incidence of osteoporosis in individuals on weight-reduction diets and other bone diseases associated with undernutrition.
    VL  - 4
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China

  • College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China

  • Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China

  • Changzhan Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China

  • Department of Urology, the Hospital of Lingshou, Shijiazhuang, China

  • Jizhou District Hospital of Hengshui, Hengshui, China

  • College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China

  • Sections