Identification and Environmental Consequences of Long-term Stored Chemicals in Ethiopia Pulp and Paper Industry

Tujuba Tamiru Ashetu; Sisay Demisse Geda

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajaic.20250902.16

Research Article |

| Peer-Reviewed

Identification and Environmental Consequences of Long-term Stored Chemicals in Ethiopia Pulp and Paper Industry

Tujuba Tamiru Ashetu^*

, Sisay Demisse Geda

Published in American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry (Volume 9, Issue 2)

Received: 21 October 2025 Accepted: 28 November 2025 Published: 31 December 2025

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

The study focuses on analysis of long term stored unknown chemicals and environmental impacts of stored chemicals at Ethiopia's Ethiopia Pulp and Paper Factory. In order to guide safe disposal or reuse, the goal is to identify and evaluate the chemical's qualities, especially its acidity, basicity, and composition. Both survey-based and laboratory methodologies are used in the investigation. While physical and chemical studies, such as pH measurements and cationic ion analysis, are carried out, information on chemical storage conditions is gathered using a standardized questionnaire. Soil samples gathered in the vicinity are examined to assess the environmental impact, and chemical samples are evaluated in water to ascertain their pH and solubility. Accuracy is ensured by multiple tests, the results of which are combined into averages and standard deviations. With pH values ranging from roughly 3.63 to 8.63, the results show that the compounds have a spectrum of weak acidic to weak basic characteristics. Aluminum sulfate is the main component found in the analysis, with traces of starch. Despite chemical contact, soil tests around the stored compounds are mainly neutral, indicating little immediate environmental damage. Sample variations indicate weak basicity or acidity, and the insoluble chemical further indicates intricate chemical interactions. The study confirmed that the stored chemical is mainly aluminum sulfate, a weak acid or base, posing limited environmental danger at current concentrations. The findings support safe disposal or potential reuse by industries, emphasizing the importance of proper chemical handling to mitigate ecological risks. Overall, the study provides a basis for informed management of chemical waste in industrial settings, promoting environmental safety and sustainable practices.

Published in	American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry (Volume 9, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajaic.20250902.16
Page(s)	80-91
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Aluminum Sulfate, Chemical Storage, Environmental Impact, Sustainable Practices

References

[1]	Ajong, N., Hodu, F., Emmanuel, M. Industrialization and environmental sustainability in Africa: The moderating effects of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption. Heliyon. 2024, 10(4), e25681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25681
[2]	Sharma, B. M., Muncke, J., Boucher, J. M., Zimmermann, L., Brunner, T. A., Arora, P. Complementing global chemicals management through shaping consumer behavior. ISCIENCE. 2025, 28(6), 112700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2025.112700
[3]	Braxton, M. Industrial Environmental Hazards: Understanding the Impact and Mitigation Strategies. 2024, 8, 4–5. https://doi.org/10.37421/2684-4923.2024.8.243
[4]	Vo, O., Abdelrahim, R. Unlocking the impact of chemicals on the health and safety of pharmaceutical workers: A concise review. 2024, 14(3), 424–435.
[5]	Nalley, E. A., Youngblood, S., Fornah, A. Effects of Toxic Chemicals on Plants. 2021, 7–8. https://doi.org/10.33552/WJASS.2021.07.000654
[6]	Khuong, M. N., An, N. K. T., Doanh, T. N., Tri, L. D. M., Phuong, N. N. D., Thanh, T. L. The impact of legal environment on business success through the practices of corporate social responsibility. Manag. Sci. Lett. 2020, 10(13), 3033–3040. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2020.5.021
[7]	Wójcik, M., Masztalerz, M., Lew, G., Lulek, A., Sadowska, B. The Impact of Chemical Companies on the Environment and Local Communities in the Aspect of Business Model. 2021, XXIV(2), 548–563.
[8]	Lai, A., et al. The Next Frontier of Environmental Unknowns: Substances of Unknown or Variable Composition, Complex Reaction Products, or Biological Materials (UVCBs). 2022, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c00321
[9]	Gunjyal, N., Rani, S. A review of the effects of environmental hazards on humans, their remediation for sustainable development, and risk assessment. Environ. Monit. Assess. 2023, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-11353-z
[10]	Taro Ikeda. Chemical Characterization Techniques: Identifying Composition and Structure. Journal of Environmental & Analytical Toxicology. 2024, 13(4), 5–6. https://doi.org/10.4172/2320-0812.13.4.003
[11]	Plant, J. A., Korre, A., Reeder, S., Smith, B., Voulvoulis, N. Chemicals in the Environment: Implications for Global Sustainability. Environmental Technology. 2005, 114(June). https://doi.org/10.1179/037174505X62857
[12]	Silvia, O., et al. Identification of Cation Reaction and Separation of Group I Cations. 2024, 2(1), 27–35.
[13]	El-khateeb, A. Y. Metal Ions of Cations and Anions Separation and Detection Approach. 2020, 3(3), 202–220. https://doi.org/10.33945/SAMI/PCBR.2020.3.3
[14]	Mahmoodi, Z., Gherekhloo, J., Ghaderi-far, F., Ansari, O., Hassanpour-bourkheili, S. The effect of environmental factors on seed germination and emergence of cutleaf geranium. 2022, 1-8.
[15]	Ertekİn, E. N., Ertekİn, İ., Bilgen, M. Effects of Some Heavy Metals on Germination and Seedling Growth of Sorghum. 2021, 3(6), 1608-1615. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.v23i54846.722592
[16]	Wang, C., et al. Effects of autotoxicity and allelopathy on seed germination and seedling growth in Medicago truncatula. 2022, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.908426
[17]	Wang, F., et al. Emerging contaminants: A One Health perspective. Innov. 2024, 5(4), 100612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100612
[18]	Ol, J., Aburumman, N., Popp, J., Khan, M. A. Impact of Industry 4.0 on Environmental Sustainability. 1900, 1-21.
[19]	Palma, D., Hodgett, R. Barriers to Sustainable Manufacturing in the Chemical Industry: A Qualitative Study. Sustainability. 2025, 17, 3241. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17073241

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Ashetu, T. T., Geda, S. D. (2025). Identification and Environmental Consequences of Long-term Stored Chemicals in Ethiopia Pulp and Paper Industry. American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry, 9(2), 80-91. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20250902.16

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Ashetu, T. T.; Geda, S. D. Identification and Environmental Consequences of Long-term Stored Chemicals in Ethiopia Pulp and Paper Industry. Am. J. Appl. Ind. Chem. 2025, 9(2), 80-91. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaic.20250902.16

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Ashetu TT, Geda SD. Identification and Environmental Consequences of Long-term Stored Chemicals in Ethiopia Pulp and Paper Industry. Am J Appl Ind Chem. 2025;9(2):80-91. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaic.20250902.16

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajaic.20250902.16,
  author = {Tujuba Tamiru Ashetu and Sisay Demisse Geda},
  title = {Identification and Environmental Consequences of Long-term Stored Chemicals in Ethiopia Pulp and Paper Industry},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry},
  volume = {9},
  number = {2},
  pages = {80-91},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaic.20250902.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20250902.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaic.20250902.16},
  abstract = {The study focuses on analysis of long term stored unknown chemicals and environmental impacts of stored chemicals at Ethiopia's Ethiopia Pulp and Paper Factory. In order to guide safe disposal or reuse, the goal is to identify and evaluate the chemical's qualities, especially its acidity, basicity, and composition. Both survey-based and laboratory methodologies are used in the investigation. While physical and chemical studies, such as pH measurements and cationic ion analysis, are carried out, information on chemical storage conditions is gathered using a standardized questionnaire. Soil samples gathered in the vicinity are examined to assess the environmental impact, and chemical samples are evaluated in water to ascertain their pH and solubility. Accuracy is ensured by multiple tests, the results of which are combined into averages and standard deviations. With pH values ranging from roughly 3.63 to 8.63, the results show that the compounds have a spectrum of weak acidic to weak basic characteristics. Aluminum sulfate is the main component found in the analysis, with traces of starch. Despite chemical contact, soil tests around the stored compounds are mainly neutral, indicating little immediate environmental damage. Sample variations indicate weak basicity or acidity, and the insoluble chemical further indicates intricate chemical interactions. The study confirmed that the stored chemical is mainly aluminum sulfate, a weak acid or base, posing limited environmental danger at current concentrations. The findings support safe disposal or potential reuse by industries, emphasizing the importance of proper chemical handling to mitigate ecological risks. Overall, the study provides a basis for informed management of chemical waste in industrial settings, promoting environmental safety and sustainable practices.},
 year = {2025}
}

Copy | Download

TY - JOUR
T1 - Identification and Environmental Consequences of Long-term Stored Chemicals in Ethiopia Pulp and Paper Industry
AU - Tujuba Tamiru Ashetu
AU - Sisay Demisse Geda
Y1 - 2025/12/31
PY - 2025
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20250902.16
DO - 10.11648/j.ajaic.20250902.16
T2 - American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry
JF - American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry
JO - American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry
SP - 80
EP - 91
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2994-7294
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20250902.16
AB - The study focuses on analysis of long term stored unknown chemicals and environmental impacts of stored chemicals at Ethiopia's Ethiopia Pulp and Paper Factory. In order to guide safe disposal or reuse, the goal is to identify and evaluate the chemical's qualities, especially its acidity, basicity, and composition. Both survey-based and laboratory methodologies are used in the investigation. While physical and chemical studies, such as pH measurements and cationic ion analysis, are carried out, information on chemical storage conditions is gathered using a standardized questionnaire. Soil samples gathered in the vicinity are examined to assess the environmental impact, and chemical samples are evaluated in water to ascertain their pH and solubility. Accuracy is ensured by multiple tests, the results of which are combined into averages and standard deviations. With pH values ranging from roughly 3.63 to 8.63, the results show that the compounds have a spectrum of weak acidic to weak basic characteristics. Aluminum sulfate is the main component found in the analysis, with traces of starch. Despite chemical contact, soil tests around the stored compounds are mainly neutral, indicating little immediate environmental damage. Sample variations indicate weak basicity or acidity, and the insoluble chemical further indicates intricate chemical interactions. The study confirmed that the stored chemical is mainly aluminum sulfate, a weak acid or base, posing limited environmental danger at current concentrations. The findings support safe disposal or potential reuse by industries, emphasizing the importance of proper chemical handling to mitigate ecological risks. Overall, the study provides a basis for informed management of chemical waste in industrial settings, promoting environmental safety and sustainable practices.
VL - 9
IS - 2
ER -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Tujuba Tamiru Ashetu

Chemical and Construction Inputs Industry Research Development Center, Manufacturing Industry Development Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0007-6182-8919
Sisay Demisse Geda

Chemical and Construction Inputs Industry Research Development Center, Manufacturing Industry Development Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0002-6932-9149

Download PDF

Submit an Article

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Ashetu, T. T., Geda, S. D. (2025). Identification and Environmental Consequences of Long-term Stored Chemicals in Ethiopia Pulp and Paper Industry. American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry, 9(2), 80-91. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20250902.16

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Ashetu, T. T.; Geda, S. D. Identification and Environmental Consequences of Long-term Stored Chemicals in Ethiopia Pulp and Paper Industry. Am. J. Appl. Ind. Chem. 2025, 9(2), 80-91. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaic.20250902.16

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Ashetu TT, Geda SD. Identification and Environmental Consequences of Long-term Stored Chemicals in Ethiopia Pulp and Paper Industry. Am J Appl Ind Chem. 2025;9(2):80-91. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaic.20250902.16

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajaic.20250902.16,
  author = {Tujuba Tamiru Ashetu and Sisay Demisse Geda},
  title = {Identification and Environmental Consequences of Long-term Stored Chemicals in Ethiopia Pulp and Paper Industry},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry},
  volume = {9},
  number = {2},
  pages = {80-91},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaic.20250902.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20250902.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaic.20250902.16},
  abstract = {The study focuses on analysis of long term stored unknown chemicals and environmental impacts of stored chemicals at Ethiopia's Ethiopia Pulp and Paper Factory. In order to guide safe disposal or reuse, the goal is to identify and evaluate the chemical's qualities, especially its acidity, basicity, and composition. Both survey-based and laboratory methodologies are used in the investigation. While physical and chemical studies, such as pH measurements and cationic ion analysis, are carried out, information on chemical storage conditions is gathered using a standardized questionnaire. Soil samples gathered in the vicinity are examined to assess the environmental impact, and chemical samples are evaluated in water to ascertain their pH and solubility. Accuracy is ensured by multiple tests, the results of which are combined into averages and standard deviations. With pH values ranging from roughly 3.63 to 8.63, the results show that the compounds have a spectrum of weak acidic to weak basic characteristics. Aluminum sulfate is the main component found in the analysis, with traces of starch. Despite chemical contact, soil tests around the stored compounds are mainly neutral, indicating little immediate environmental damage. Sample variations indicate weak basicity or acidity, and the insoluble chemical further indicates intricate chemical interactions. The study confirmed that the stored chemical is mainly aluminum sulfate, a weak acid or base, posing limited environmental danger at current concentrations. The findings support safe disposal or potential reuse by industries, emphasizing the importance of proper chemical handling to mitigate ecological risks. Overall, the study provides a basis for informed management of chemical waste in industrial settings, promoting environmental safety and sustainable practices.},
 year = {2025}
}

Copy | Download