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An Assessment of Residential Buildings to Identify Strategies Towards Building Sustainability
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
184-188
Received:
17 August 2023
Accepted:
11 September 2023
Published:
8 October 2023
Abstract: The aim of this study is to identify strategies for a sustainable residential building. Building sustainability can simply be described as the ease of using a building with little or no cost over a period of performance and efficiency. Sustainable Architecture is a path to elongating the dilapidating process of a structure. Architectural sustainability is still in its infancy in many countries. Therefore, there is a need to establish possible innovations and strategies in the collaborative design and construction of sustainable buildings. This research conducted a review of established sustainable strategies and recommended the most effective and efficient strategies for the tropics. Hence, this study evaluates the degree to which residential buildings adhere to sustainable design principles. Buildings were assessed based on their use of appliances, passive/bioclimatic factors, and renewable energy technologies. This was accomplished using a quantitative analysis in addition to a descriptive approach to the data gathered. In order to assess differing measures on potential sustainable techniques and technologies that can be used in residential buildings, related literature was reviewed to identify strategies towards building sustainability. The study goes on to emphasize the significance of energy balance in buildings and concludes that developers and clients are not sufficiently informed about passive design strategies, consequently a higher reliance (of 50.4%) on appliances to compensate for the inefficient residential designs.
Abstract: The aim of this study is to identify strategies for a sustainable residential building. Building sustainability can simply be described as the ease of using a building with little or no cost over a period of performance and efficiency. Sustainable Architecture is a path to elongating the dilapidating process of a structure. Architectural sustainabi...
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Ergonomic Multifunctional Building Tool Design to Increase Work Productivity of Msmes Employees
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
189-193
Received:
9 September 2023
Accepted:
25 September 2023
Published:
8 October 2023
Abstract: In culinary businesses that are members of MSMEs or small food processing industries, grating work is usually done manually. The tools used for grating are usually also simple. Sometimes grating work, such as grating coconuts, sweet potatoes, cassava, and so on, is done by paying for grating services. This is considered less effective and adds time and costs that continue to come out. Manual grating can also increase the risk of work accidents in the form of wounds on the hands, grating, or fatigue. Complaints in the arm muscles, it takes longer, causing less than optimal employee work productivity. Therefore, a shaving tool is needed Ergonomic multi-function as a solution to these problems. This research was conducted experimentally by making a multifunctional design tool that was applied to MSMEs employees in Tabanan Regency. Workload was calculated based on employee work pulse measured using a pulse meter, skeletal muscle complaints were measured using the Nordic Body Map questionnaire, work fatigue was calculated using 30 general fatigue questionnaire items and work productivity was calculated based on grater results divided by workload and working time. Test the difference between treatments using the t-pair test statistic at a 95% significance level. The results showed that the use of multifunctional shaving tools can significantly reduce workload, skeletal muscle complaints, and employee work fatigue. The use of this multifunctional contractor is also able to significantly increase employee work productivity. Therefore, it is recommended that this multifunctional contractor can be used for MSMEs engaged in culinary.
Abstract: In culinary businesses that are members of MSMEs or small food processing industries, grating work is usually done manually. The tools used for grating are usually also simple. Sometimes grating work, such as grating coconuts, sweet potatoes, cassava, and so on, is done by paying for grating services. This is considered less effective and adds time...
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Research Article
Design of Ergonomic Harmonica Wire Forming Tools to Increase Work Productivity of Harmonica Fence Craftsmen
Gede Oka Pujihadi,
I Komang Rusmariadi,
I Putu Sastra Negara,
I Ketut Gde Juli Suarbawa,
M. Yusuf
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
194-198
Received:
2 October 2023
Accepted:
20 October 2023
Published:
31 October 2023
Abstract: A harmonica fence is a type of fence made of steel wire that is zigzaggingly assembled into a harmonica. Making harmonica fences requires appropriate wire forming tools so that the results can be more precise and consistent. Formation of harmonica wire using the bending method. Bending is a job by applying pressure to certain parts so that plastic deformation occurs in the pressurized part. Harmonica wire is often used for daily needs, such as house fences, land area fences, livestock fences (cattle, chickens, and goats). Making harmonica wire still uses manual methods and requires labor, patience and a long time. This research aims to develop an effective and efficient harmonica wire forming tool to increase the productivity of craftsmen. This research uses an experimental approach in the form of tool development which includes the stages of needs analysis, tool design, prototyping, trials, and evaluation. Workload is calculated based on the worker's pulse, production yield is measured based on the length of the harmonica wire produced, and work productivity is calculated based on the ratio between output (production output) and input (workload) multiplied by his working time. The results showed that there was a decrease in workload and a significant increase in production results and work productivity between using the old method manually and using a new way, namely using ergonomic chain wire forming tools. Workload decreased by 10.3%. Production output increased by 59.8%, while labor productivity increased by 78.7%. Therefore, it is recommended that harmonica wire craftsmen use ergonomic harmonica wire forming tools.
Abstract: A harmonica fence is a type of fence made of steel wire that is zigzaggingly assembled into a harmonica. Making harmonica fences requires appropriate wire forming tools so that the results can be more precise and consistent. Formation of harmonica wire using the bending method. Bending is a job by applying pressure to certain parts so that plastic ...
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Research Article
Utilization of Biomaterial (Bamboo Carbon) as Phase Change Material (PCM) for Electric Vehicle Batteries Cooling Media
I Made Arsawan*,
I Dewa Gede Ary Subagia,
I Putu Sastra Negara,
I Nengah Ludra,
Ide Bagus Puspa Indra
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
199-205
Received:
19 September 2023
Accepted:
12 October 2023
Published:
9 November 2023
Abstract: Consumption of fossil fuels, especially oil and gas, increases every year. The use of fossil fuels in the transportation sector can result in environmental pollution, especially air pollution. One alternative that can be done in the transportation sector is the use of electric vehicles. Currently, the development of electric vehicles is still hampered by overheating of the battery, resulting in a shorter battery life. Various research has been carried out to overcome overheating in batteries, including designing battery cooling systems, innovating battery cooling materials and so on. The aim of this research is to develop a biomaterial-based battery cooling system to overcome overheating that occurs in batteries. The method used in this research is an experimental method by creating a simulation of a battery cooling system using phase change material (PCM) based cooling. The PCM used is made from parapine combined with TiO2 and bamboo carbon. This PCM material mixture will be varied by adding 0-5% TiO2 and bamboo carbon elements to the PCM. The results of the research show that the addition of TiO2 and bamboo carbon elements can slow down the rate of heat that occurs in electric vehicle batteries, this is because the addition of TiO2 and bamboo carbon elements to paraffin can increase the thermal conductivity of the PCM material, so that the heat that occurs in the battery can be absorbed more. fast by PCM material. Of the various variations of PCM material mixtures tested, the addition of 3% bamboo carbon to paraffin can slow down the rate of increase in battery temperature most effectively compared to other variations of PCM material.
Abstract: Consumption of fossil fuels, especially oil and gas, increases every year. The use of fossil fuels in the transportation sector can result in environmental pollution, especially air pollution. One alternative that can be done in the transportation sector is the use of electric vehicles. Currently, the development of electric vehicles is still hampe...
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Research Article
Electrical Characteristics of Quaternary Layered Structured Tl4In3GaS8 Crystals
Jazi Abdullah Mohammed Abdulwahed
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
206-209
Received:
2 October 2023
Accepted:
26 October 2023
Published:
9 November 2023
Abstract: Despite the fact that numerous compositions of quaternary chalcogenides have recently been identified as having high thermoelectric capabilities and are still being studied for energy applications, experimental data on the electrical characteristics of Tl4In3GaS8 crystals is scarce. In this paper, growing quaternary Tl4In3GaS8 layered crystals have been prepared using the travelling solvent method (TSM). In this investigation, we evaluated the electrical conductivity and Hall effect measurements in the temperature range of 203 K to 443 K. These measurements allowed the determination of many physical parameters for both the majority and minority carriers, including carrier mobility, resistivity, carrier concentration, Hall coefficient, and conductivity. Our research revealed that our samples are n-type conductors. From the electrical conductivity and Hall effect studies, the forbidden energy gap and the impurity level's ionisation energy were determined for the crystals studied. At room temperature, the electrical conductivity, Hall coefficient, and carrier concentration were 0.85 Ω -1cm-1, 21.8 cm3C-1, and 2.997 x 1029 cm-3, respectively. Also, the Hall mobility was found to be 0.177 cm2/V. sec.
Abstract: Despite the fact that numerous compositions of quaternary chalcogenides have recently been identified as having high thermoelectric capabilities and are still being studied for energy applications, experimental data on the electrical characteristics of Tl4In3GaS8 crystals is scarce. In this paper, growing quaternary Tl4In3GaS8 layered crystals have...
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Research Article
Development of an Appropriate Clove Threshing Machine to Increase the Productivity of Clove Farmers in Munduk-Buleleng, Bali, Indonesia
Ida Bagus Puspa Indra,
I Made Arsawan,
Anak Agung Ngurah Bagus Mulawarman,
I Ketut Gde Juli Suarbawa,
M. Yusuf*
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
210-216
Received:
2 October 2023
Accepted:
26 October 2023
Published:
9 November 2023
Abstract: Clove plants are one of the agricultural commodities with high economic value. Good as spices, clove cigarette mixtures, ingredients for making medicines and ingredients for making essential oils. In the process of harvesting cloves, the process of separating clove flowers from their stalks still has many obstacles. The process currently carried out by farmers is by the manual method, namely by swiping clove flowers that are still integrated with the stalk into the palm of the farmer's hand. This process is time-consuming and can hurt the hands. If the process of separating clove flowers with their stalks is done at a slow tempo, it will harm farmers because if not dried immediately after picking it will reduce the quality of the cloves. For this reason, it is necessary to develop an appropriate clove threshing machine to increase the productivity of clove farmers. This research uses experimental methods in the form of making tools which include the stages of observation of needs, tool design, prototyping, trials, measurement of workload, production results and productivity. Workload is calculated based on the worker's pulse, production output is measured based on the output of threshed clove flowers, and labor productivity is calculated based on the ratio between output (production output) and input (workload) multiplied by his working time. The conclusion of the study showed that the designed clove threshing machine can speed up the process of separating clove flowers from their stalks compared to separating clove flowers from their stalks by manual method. The use of this clove threshing machine was able to reduce the workload on clove farmers by 11.8%, increase the production yield of threshing clove flowers by 324.6%, and increase the work productivity of clove farmers by 3 425.0%. It is recommended that clove flower growers should use ergonomic threshing machines in order to reduce workload and increase production yield and work productivity.
Abstract: Clove plants are one of the agricultural commodities with high economic value. Good as spices, clove cigarette mixtures, ingredients for making medicines and ingredients for making essential oils. In the process of harvesting cloves, the process of separating clove flowers from their stalks still has many obstacles. The process currently carried ou...
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Research Article
Design of an Ergonomic Rotating Steering System on an Electric Cart Based on RULA Analysis (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) and Using Solidworks Software
I. Made Sudana,
I. Made Rajendra,
M. Yusuf*,
I. Gede Nyoman Suta Waisnawa
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
217-225
Received:
10 October 2023
Accepted:
31 October 2023
Published:
11 November 2023
Abstract: Designing material transportation equipment using human-powered carts is not efficient. An electric drive system can be an environmentally friendly system that can be implemented on three-wheeled carts, thereby replacing the role of humans in doing so. developing an electric drive device with a 48 V 1000watt Brushless DC (BLDC) type, 12 Ah lithium ion battery, so that it can reduce pollution problems and also meet the needs of the domestic automotive sector. This research aims to design and build a rotary steering drive system for a three-wheeled electric cart to make it lighter and easier. The steering seat frame functions to support the driver and a structural analysis was carried out using ergonomic analysis using the RULA method. Meanwhile, to determine the strength of the frame material and components of the cart steering system using SolidWorks software simulation. Based on the results of research on the design of the cart frame and steering system frame made of alloy steel with SolidWorks analysis for frame loading, it shows that the maximum stress value that occurs is still below the yield strength value of the material, the results of the frame loading safety factor value have exceeded the required value, so that very safe to withstand a load of 1962.33 N. Meanwhile, when loading the steering frame and steering mount, the maximum stress value that occurs is still below the material yield strength value, the resulting loading safety factor value has exceeded the required value, so it is very safe to withstand a load of 784.58 N. The results of the RULA method analysis on the ergonomic design of the rotary steering system show that the MSDs risk score for the new driver's posture after ergonomic intervention is 2 (two), which means the MSDs risk category is good, for the cart moving forward or backward. This means that the cart driver's posture is acceptable as long as it is not maintained. or recurring for a long time. Analysis of the power consumption of three-wheeled electric cart testing, namely the maximum value without load produces 571.14 Watts, while testing with load produces 583.68 Watts. This affects the use without load and with load on the performance/speed produced by the 48V1000 Watt BLDC motor. The prototype design of this three-wheeled electric cart has the advantage that it can be used on narrow roads and alleys in hotel or company yards.
Abstract: Designing material transportation equipment using human-powered carts is not efficient. An electric drive system can be an environmentally friendly system that can be implemented on three-wheeled carts, thereby replacing the role of humans in doing so. developing an electric drive device with a 48 V 1000watt Brushless DC (BLDC) type, 12 Ah lithium ...
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Research Article
CFD Application to Estimate Air Flow Rate for Normal Ventilation in Metro Trains and Stations
Mohamed Abuelkassem Mohamed,
Elseman Ibrahim Abdelrasoul,
Sayed Ramadan Hamed*
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
226-234
Received:
6 October 2023
Accepted:
6 November 2023
Published:
17 November 2023
Abstract: Due to the problem of lacking enough fresh air for passengers in underground metro stations, increasing attention has been paid to improving ventilation in underground metro stations. In this paper, the distribution characteristics of airflow fields, geometry of the station, and the influence of airflow rate changes on passengers’ ventilation conditions have been investigated and simulated according to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) theory. In addition, the volume of the stations was treated with a central air conditioning system, including several air handling units (AHU) connected to chilled water. Air flow for trains and stations has been calculated and compared with the actual data of the National Authority for Tunnels (NAT). It has been found that the highest air flow rate Q for Attaba station is 24.97 m3/s at ticket hall level, and the lowest air flow rate is 5.23 m3/s at platform level. Also, the required air flow rate is 111.02 m3/s for trains has been calculated. This value is acceptable and suitable in comparison to the actual results from the NAT. This is to reduce the necessary heat and improve the air quality inside underground metro stations. It is concluded that, in cases where an air flow rate is required in stations, the efficiency of the fans must be superior to 70%. The rotation speed of the fans will range from 750 to 1480 revolutions per minute (r.p.m).
Abstract: Due to the problem of lacking enough fresh air for passengers in underground metro stations, increasing attention has been paid to improving ventilation in underground metro stations. In this paper, the distribution characteristics of airflow fields, geometry of the station, and the influence of airflow rate changes on passengers’ ventilation condi...
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Review Article
Bangladeshi Handloom Industry: Existing Status and Upcoming Hindrances
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
235-241
Received:
28 October 2023
Accepted:
15 November 2023
Published:
24 November 2023
Abstract: The Bangladeshi handloom industry holds a significant position in the country's cultural heritage, economic landscape, and global artisanal market. It highlights the industry's rich tradition of craftsmanship, intricate designs, and role in providing livelihoods to numerous artisans across the nation. Despite its cultural significance and potential for economic growth, the handloom sector faces multifaceted challenges. Technological obsolescence and the lack of modernization hinder its ability to compete in a global market increasingly driven by mechanization and innovation. Moreover, the industry encounters obstacles in terms of access to finance, marketing, and inadequate governmental support, which limit its scalability and competitiveness. By amalgamating empirical data, industry insights, and expert opinions, this article offers a comprehensive understanding of the hurdles impeding the sustainable advancement of the Bangladeshi handloom industry. It emphasizes the need for strategic interventions and policy reforms to revitalize this sector. Proposals encompass a spectrum of initiatives, including technology infusion, skill development programs, market diversification, and enhanced government support through subsidies and infrastructure development. The significance of preserving this traditional craft is paramount not only for its cultural heritage but also for its potential to contribute substantially to the national economy. Addressing these impending challenges and implementing effective strategies will not only safeguard the livelihoods of artisans but also position Bangladeshi handloom products as globally competitive, eco-friendly, and sustainable choices in the international market. This article serves as a call to action for stakeholders, policymakers, and industry players to collaborate in fostering a conducive environment that nurtures and sustains the growth of the Bangladeshi handloom industry in the face of impending challenges.
Abstract: The Bangladeshi handloom industry holds a significant position in the country's cultural heritage, economic landscape, and global artisanal market. It highlights the industry's rich tradition of craftsmanship, intricate designs, and role in providing livelihoods to numerous artisans across the nation. Despite its cultural significance and potential...
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