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Research Article
Epidemiological Profile of Urinary Lithiasis in the Urology Department of Libreville University Hospital from January 2020 to September 2024
Ndang Ngou Milama Steevy*
,
Adande Menest Elvire Felicite,
Mbethe Dimitri,
Mougougou Adrien,
Abeme Lesly,
Bissiriou Izoudine,
Nguyen Akendengue Leslie,
Allogho Mbouye Gloire
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 2, December 2026
Pages:
114-118
Received:
1 June 2026
Accepted:
17 June 2026
Published:
24 July 2026
Abstract: Introduction: Urinary stone disease is a common condition. They mainly form in the kidney but can occur anywhere in the urinary tract, leading to complications that can be serious. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological profile of urinary stone disease in the Urology Department of the Libreville University Hospital Center (CHUL) from 2020 to 2024. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study of patients treated for urinary lithiasis in the Urology Department of the CHUL between January 1, 2020, and September 30, 2024. Results: 184 patients were hospitalized during the study period for urinary lithiasis. The mean age was 42 ± 16.2 years, ranging from 11 to 85 years, and the sex ratio was 1: 1. Renal colic was the presenting symptom in 84.2% of cases. The stones were located in the upper urinary tract in 77.7% of cases. CT urography was performed in 90.2% of cases. The stones measured an average of 15.2 mm and were complicated in 50.5% of cases, including hydronephrosis (23.9%) followed by ureterohydronephrosis (19%). Conclusion: Urinary lithiasis is a common condition predominantly located in the upper urinary tract. This condition most often affects young, professionally active adults. The presence of serious complications highlights the need for earlier diagnosis of this condition.
Abstract: Introduction: Urinary stone disease is a common condition. They mainly form in the kidney but can occur anywhere in the urinary tract, leading to complications that can be serious. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological profile of urinary stone disease in the Urology Department of the Libreville University Hospital Center (CHUL)...
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Research Article
Silodosin in the Management of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms:
An Experts Perspective Study
Manjula Suresh*,
Krishna Kumar Manjunath
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 2, December 2026
Pages:
119-125
Received:
2 July 2026
Accepted:
16 July 2026
Published:
10 August 2026
Abstract: Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) commonly causes lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), with α1-blockers as first-line therapy. Silodosin, due to its high uroselectivity and favorable tolerability, is increasingly used; this survey assesses clinician preferences, usage patterns, tolerability, and combination therapy practices in clinical practice. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted among 97 urologists in India and used a validated 23-item questionnaire to assess treatment preferences, silodosin use, switching patterns, adverse events, combination therapies, and outcomes. Data were analyzed descriptively as frequencies and percentages. Results: The survey included 97 participants. A majority of clinicians (76%) preferred silodosin as the first-line α1-blocker for BPH management. Approximately 44% recognized all listed reasons for its use, including receptor selectivity, safety profile, and clinical benefits. Switching from tamsulosin to silodosin in 21–30% of patients due to inadequate symptom relief was reported by around 43% of clinicians. Marked clinical improvement with silodosin was observed by nearly 77%, while 54% reported no associated adverse drug reactions. Reduction in the risk of BPH-related surgery was identified as the key advantage of combination therapy by around 47% of clinicians. Preference for the silodosin and dutasteride combination to prevent disease progression was noted by 85% of respondents, and approximately 53% reported adding mirabegron to silodosin in 11–20% of patients. Conclusion: This survey highlights silodosin as an effective, well-tolerated, and first-line treatment for BPH and LUTS in clinical practice. Its high uroselectivity, favorable safety profile, and strong symptomatic relief support its use both as monotherapy and in combination with dutasteride or mirabegron in more complex cases. These findings underscore the need for further long-term studies to strengthen its role in BPH management.
Abstract: Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) commonly causes lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), with α1-blockers as first-line therapy. Silodosin, due to its high uroselectivity and favorable tolerability, is increasingly used; this survey assesses clinician preferences, usage patterns, tolerability, and combination therapy practices in clinica...
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Case Report
Ectopic Ureter Opening in Vagina in a Dual Collecting System: Report of a Case
Bagayogo Ndeye Aissatou*,
Zihalirwa Patrick Ciza,
Thiam Amath,
Cissokho Omar,
Thiam Ibrahima Diaw,
Lakibi Raphaelle,
Sene Aissatou,
Sine Babacar,
Diao Babacar
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 2, December 2026
Pages:
126-130
Received:
19 August 2026
Accepted:
31 August 2026
Published:
20 September 2026
Abstract: The ectopic ureter is a congenital anomaly characterized by an opening of the ureter outside the bladder trigone. Approximately 80% of cases are associated with a completely dual collecting system, most often involving the ureter draining the upper pole, in accordance with the Weigert-Meyer Law. The majority of cases are diagnosed during childhood, often during continuous urinary leakage or recurrent urinary infections. However, certain cases may remain unknown and be revealed in adulthood. Ultrasound, urography, uroscanner and uro-MRI are currently the examinations which allow the precise diagnosis of these uropathies. Surgical management of an ectopic ureter depends on the functional status of the kidney. Various surgical methods are available including the laparoscopic approach. We report a case of an ectopic ureter draining into the vagina, associated with ureteral duplication, discovered in a 16-year-old girl presenting with urinary incontinence. The investigations and treatment are discussed, as well as hypotheses regarding its embryogenesis, considering data from the literature. Ectopic ureter in a double urinary system is a rare but classic cause of permanent urinary incontinence in young girls, despite preserved voiding. Its diagnosis can be delayed, particularly in resource-limited settings, hence the importance of clinical suspicion in any case of atypical incontinence.
Abstract: The ectopic ureter is a congenital anomaly characterized by an opening of the ureter outside the bladder trigone. Approximately 80% of cases are associated with a completely dual collecting system, most often involving the ureter draining the upper pole, in accordance with the Weigert-Meyer Law. The majority of cases are diagnosed during childhood,...
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Research Article
Practice and Safety of Rigid Cystoscopy Without Prior Urine Culture or Antibiotic Prophylaxis: Observational Analysis in Chad
Saleh Abdelkerim Nedjim*,
Mahamat Ali Mahamat,
Ndormadjita Allah-Syengar,
Adoumadji Kouldjim,
Valentin Vadandi,
Rimtebaye Kimassoum
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 2, December 2026
Pages:
131-137
Received:
25 February 2026
Accepted:
20 July 2026
Published:
28 October 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijcu.20261002.14
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Abstract: Introduction: Cystoscopy is a key diagnostic procedure in urology, but the need for prior urine culture and routine antibiotic prophylaxis remains controversial due to the low risk of infection reported in several studies. In resource-limited settings, these practices pose particular challenges. This study evaluates the safety of rigid cystoscopy performed without prior urine culture or antibiotic prophylaxis in a referral center in Chad. Methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive study at the Urology Department of CHU La Renaissance, Chad, including patients who underwent outpatient rigid cystoscopy without prior urine culture or antibiotic prophylaxis between 2023 and 2025. Patients with active urinary tract infections were excluded. Clinical data, indications, and post-procedural complications were analyzed descriptively. Results: During the study period, 361 patients underwent cystoscopy, of whom the majority were male (n = 329, 91.1%) with a mean age of 46.4 years (range, 14-81). The most common comorbidities were diabetes mellitus (19%) and hypertension (14%). Lower urinary tract symptoms were the leading indication for cystoscopy (n = 157, 43.5%), followed by hematuria (n = 130, 36.0%). Cystoscopy was successfully completed without intraoperative complications in most patients (n = 329, 91.2%). Normal cystoscopic findings were observed in 97 patients (26.9%). Post-procedural complications were generally mild, with pain being the most frequent (n = 69, 19%), and symptomatic urinary tract infections occurring in 14 patients (3.9%) within an average of 48 hours. No severe infectious complications were reported. Additional interventions included urethral dilation/urethrotomy, bladder biopsy, and prostate biopsy. Conclusion: This study in Chad shows that rigid cystoscopy without prior urine culture or routine antibiotic prophylaxis is associated with a low rate of mild infections, with no cases of sepsis or hospitalization. It suggests that a selective approach, based on clinical evaluation and strict aseptic technique, is safe and appropriate in this context.
Abstract: Introduction: Cystoscopy is a key diagnostic procedure in urology, but the need for prior urine culture and routine antibiotic prophylaxis remains controversial due to the low risk of infection reported in several studies. In resource-limited settings, these practices pose particular challenges. This study evaluates the safety of rigid cystoscopy p...
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Research Article
Endoscopic Balloon Dilation Under Fluoroscopic Guidance for the Treatment of Urethral Strictures in Chad: Initial Experience
Saleh Abdelkerim Nedjim*,
Mahamat Ali Mahamat,
Ndormadjita Allah-Syengar,
Adoumadji Kouldjim,
Hissein Hagguir,
Oumar Atti,
Minguemadji Allassiangar,
Nisso Ouang-Kakake,
Freddy Rimtebaye Kimassoum,
Valentin Vadandi,
Rimtebaye Kimassoum
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 2, December 2026
Pages:
138-144
Received:
4 June 2026
Accepted:
20 July 2026
Published:
28 October 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijcu.20261002.15
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Views:
Abstract: Introduction: Male urethral stricture disease is a common condition in sub-Saharan Africa, associated with significant morbidity. Fluoroscopy-guided endoscopic balloon dilation, a minimally invasive technique that applies uniform radial force, has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional endoscopic approaches. However, data from African settings, particularly from Chad, remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and functional outcomes of this technique in our setting. Methods: We conducted a prospective, observational, and analytical study at the University Hospital Center La Renaissance in N’Djamena over an 18-month period (November 2024-October 2025). Thirty consecutive adult patients with a single, short urethral stricture were included. Balloon dilation was performed under fluoroscopic guidance. The primary endpoint was success, defined as the absence of clinical or endoscopic recurrence. Secondary endpoints included complications, time to recurrence, and the need for additional intervention. Results: The mean age of patients was 36.9 years, and the mean delay before consultation was 9 months. Symptoms were predominantly obstructive, mainly dysuria with reduced urinary flow. A suprapubic cystostomy was present in 20% of patients. Bulbar strictures were the most common location. The procedure was performed under spinal anesthesia in 97% of cases, with a mean operative time of 23 minutes. Significant clinical improvement was observed, including increased urinary flow and reduced post-void residual urine. At 6 months, the overall success rate was approximately 90%, with a recurrence rate of 10%. Two patients required repeat dilation. Conclusion: Fluoroscopy-guided endoscopic balloon dilation is a feasible, safe, and effective short-term treatment for short urethral strictures in Chad. It represents a valuable option in resource-limited settings, although studies with longer follow-up are needed to confirm its durability.
Abstract: Introduction: Male urethral stricture disease is a common condition in sub-Saharan Africa, associated with significant morbidity. Fluoroscopy-guided endoscopic balloon dilation, a minimally invasive technique that applies uniform radial force, has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional endoscopic approaches. However, data from African s...
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