Characterization of Cattle Production System in East Gojjam Zone of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia

Bainesagn Worku; Mezgebu Getnet; Anduamlak Assaye

doi:doi:10.11648/j.sr.20241201.12

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Characterization of Cattle Production System in East Gojjam Zone of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia

Bainesagn Worku^*, Mezgebu Getnet, Anduamlak Assaye

Published in Science Research (Volume 12, Issue 1)

Received: 28 January 2024 Accepted: 12 February 2024 Published: 7 March 2024

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Abstract

Survey was conducted in four Districts of East Gojjam Zone Amhara Regional state of Ethiopia (Sinan, Dejen, Gozamen and Machakel). The objectives of the survey were to characterize cattle production systems, asses feed resources of cattle in eastern Gojjam and identify major constraint of cattle production in the zone. A total of 160 household heads were randomly selected and interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The study revealed that the average cattle herd size was 7.55 ± 0.31 heads per household and were significantly different (P<0.01) among districts. In the study districts, cattle are primarily kept for draught power followed by income source and milk production. According to the respondents, crop residue, hay and local brewery by-products are the main feed resources ranked in order of importance as first, second and third, respectively in dry season. Similarly, crop residue, cut and curry system and communal grazing are important feed sources in wet season (ranked as first, second and third, respectively). The study also shows that feed shortage was the main constraint affecting livestock production and productivity across the districts. In availability of appropriate cattle genotype and disease were identified as second and third important constraints. Due to shrinkage of grazing areas, farmers are shifting cattle rearing from permanent free grazing into tethering and semi-grazing systems. The total livestock number in the zone was estimated to be 7.55 TLU unit which is directly related to carrying capacity of the grazing feed resources in the area. Thus, the study implies that there is a need to improve fodder production, crop residue utilization, efficiency and utilization of artificial insemination to increase the number of improved cattle genotype and improve delivery of veterinary services in a smallholder cattle production system of the zone.

Published in	Science Research (Volume 12, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.sr.20241201.12
Page(s)	9-19
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cattle Production System, Free Grazing, Feed Shortage

References

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[2]	Chen, S., Arrouays, D., Angers, D. A., Martin, M. P., and Walter, C. 2019. Soil carbon stocks under different land uses and the applicability of the soil carbon saturation concept. Soil Tillage Res. 188, 53–58
[3]	FAO. 2022. COMMITTEE ON Agriculture. Good Practices to Sustainably Enhance the Productivity of Small-Scale Livestock Producers, January.
[4]	Sere, C. and Steinfeld, H. 1996. World livestock production systems: current status, issues and trends. Animal production.
[5]	and health paper No 127. FAO. RomeCSA. 2021. Federal democratic republic of Ethiopia. Central statistical agency. Agricultural sample survey, Volume II, Report on livestock and livestock. Central Statistical Agency (CSA), Addis Ababa, Ethiopi, 2(March), 34–35.
[6]	Eisler, M. C., Lee, M. R. F., Tarlton, J. F., Martin, G. B., Beddington, J., Dungait, J. A., Greathead, H., Liu, J., Mathew, S., Miller, H., Misselbrook, T., Murray, P., Vinod, V. K., Van Saun, R., and Winter, M. 2014. Steps to sustainable livestock. Nature 507, 32–34.
[7]	Gaughan, J. B., Sejian, V., Mader, T. L., and Dunshea, F. R. 2019. Adaptation strategies: ruminants. Anim. Front. 9, 47–53.
[8]	Shapiro, B.I., Gebru, G., Desta, S., Negassa, A., Nigussie, K., A. G. and M. H. 2017. Ethiopia livestock sector analysis. ILRI Project Report. Nairobi, Kenya: International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI).
[9]	Davis, B., Di Giuseppe, S., and Zezza, A. 2017. Are African households (not) leaving agriculture? Patterns of households' income sources in rural Sub-Saharan Africa. Food Policy 67, 153–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2016.09.018
[10]	Agegnehu, G., Ashagrie, A. K., & Yirga, C. 2020. Farming Systems Characterization and Analysis in East Gojjam Zone : Implications for research and Research Report No. 127 Getachew Agegnehu Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (Issue October).
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[12]	Musa, K. J. P. 2006. On farm characterization of Butana and Kenana cattle breed production systems in Sudan. 18(12). http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd18/12/musa18177.html
[13]	Zewdu Edea., 2008. Characterization of Bonga and Horro Indigenous Sheep Breeds of Smallholders for Designing Community Based Breeding Strategies in Ethiopia an M. Sc. Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.
[14]	King, M. T. M., Pajor, E. A., Leblanc, S. J., & Devries, T. J. 2016. Associations of herd-level housing, management, and lameness prevalence with productivity and cow behavior in herds with automated milking systems. Journal of Dairy Science, 99(11), 9069–9079. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2016-11329
[15]	Guyo, S., & Tamir, B. 2014. Assessment Of Cattle Husbandry Practices In Burji Woreda, Segen Zuria Zone Of SNNPRS,. 2(4), 11–26.
[16]	Witkowska, D. 2022. The Effect of Housing System on Disease Prevalence and Productive Lifespan of Dairy Herds — A Case Study. 1–17. https://doirg/https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12131610

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APA Style

Worku, B., Getnet, M., Assaye, A. (2024). Characterization of Cattle Production System in East Gojjam Zone of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. Science Research, 12(1), 9-19. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20241201.12

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ACS Style

Worku, B.; Getnet, M.; Assaye, A. Characterization of Cattle Production System in East Gojjam Zone of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. Sci. Res. 2024, 12(1), 9-19. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20241201.12

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AMA Style

Worku B, Getnet M, Assaye A. Characterization of Cattle Production System in East Gojjam Zone of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. Sci Res. 2024;12(1):9-19. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20241201.12

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@article{10.11648/j.sr.20241201.12,
  author = {Bainesagn Worku and Mezgebu Getnet and Anduamlak Assaye},
  title = {Characterization of Cattle Production System in East Gojjam Zone of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia},
  journal = {Science Research},
  volume = {12},
  number = {1},
  pages = {9-19},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sr.20241201.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20241201.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sr.20241201.12},
  abstract = {Survey was conducted in four Districts of East Gojjam Zone Amhara Regional state of Ethiopia (Sinan, Dejen, Gozamen and Machakel). The objectives of the survey were to characterize cattle production systems, asses feed resources of cattle in eastern Gojjam and identify major constraint of cattle production in the zone. A total of 160 household heads were randomly selected and interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The study revealed that the average cattle herd size was 7.55 ± 0.31 heads per household and were significantly different (P<0.01) among districts. In the study districts, cattle are primarily kept for draught power followed by income source and milk production. According to the respondents, crop residue, hay and local brewery by-products are the main feed resources ranked in order of importance as first, second and third, respectively in dry season. Similarly, crop residue, cut and curry system and communal grazing are important feed sources in wet season (ranked as first, second and third, respectively). The study also shows that feed shortage was the main constraint affecting livestock production and productivity across the districts. In availability of appropriate cattle genotype and disease were identified as second and third important constraints. Due to shrinkage of grazing areas, farmers are shifting cattle rearing from permanent free grazing into tethering and semi-grazing systems. The total livestock number in the zone was estimated to be 7.55 TLU unit which is directly related to carrying capacity of the grazing feed resources in the area. Thus, the study implies that there is a need to improve fodder production, crop residue utilization, efficiency and utilization of artificial insemination to increase the number of improved cattle genotype and improve delivery of veterinary services in a smallholder cattle production system of the zone.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Characterization of Cattle Production System in East Gojjam Zone of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
AU  - Bainesagn Worku
AU  - Mezgebu Getnet
AU  - Anduamlak Assaye
Y1  - 2024/03/07
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20241201.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.sr.20241201.12
T2  - Science Research
JF  - Science Research
JO  - Science Research
SP  - 9
EP  - 19
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-0927
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20241201.12
AB  - Survey was conducted in four Districts of East Gojjam Zone Amhara Regional state of Ethiopia (Sinan, Dejen, Gozamen and Machakel). The objectives of the survey were to characterize cattle production systems, asses feed resources of cattle in eastern Gojjam and identify major constraint of cattle production in the zone. A total of 160 household heads were randomly selected and interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The study revealed that the average cattle herd size was 7.55 ± 0.31 heads per household and were significantly different (P<0.01) among districts. In the study districts, cattle are primarily kept for draught power followed by income source and milk production. According to the respondents, crop residue, hay and local brewery by-products are the main feed resources ranked in order of importance as first, second and third, respectively in dry season. Similarly, crop residue, cut and curry system and communal grazing are important feed sources in wet season (ranked as first, second and third, respectively). The study also shows that feed shortage was the main constraint affecting livestock production and productivity across the districts. In availability of appropriate cattle genotype and disease were identified as second and third important constraints. Due to shrinkage of grazing areas, farmers are shifting cattle rearing from permanent free grazing into tethering and semi-grazing systems. The total livestock number in the zone was estimated to be 7.55 TLU unit which is directly related to carrying capacity of the grazing feed resources in the area. Thus, the study implies that there is a need to improve fodder production, crop residue utilization, efficiency and utilization of artificial insemination to increase the number of improved cattle genotype and improve delivery of veterinary services in a smallholder cattle production system of the zone.

VL  - 12
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Bainesagn Worku

Livestock Research Directorate, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Debre Markos Agricultural Research Center, Debremarkos, Ethiopia

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Mezgebu Getnet

Livestock Research Directorate, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Debre Markos Agricultural Research Center, Debremarkos, Ethiopia
Anduamlak Assaye

Livestock Research Directorate, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Debre Markos Agricultural Research Center, Debremarkos, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Worku, B., Getnet, M., Assaye, A. (2024). Characterization of Cattle Production System in East Gojjam Zone of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. Science Research, 12(1), 9-19. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20241201.12

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ACS Style

Worku, B.; Getnet, M.; Assaye, A. Characterization of Cattle Production System in East Gojjam Zone of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. Sci. Res. 2024, 12(1), 9-19. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20241201.12

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AMA Style

Worku B, Getnet M, Assaye A. Characterization of Cattle Production System in East Gojjam Zone of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. Sci Res. 2024;12(1):9-19. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20241201.12

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@article{10.11648/j.sr.20241201.12,
  author = {Bainesagn Worku and Mezgebu Getnet and Anduamlak Assaye},
  title = {Characterization of Cattle Production System in East Gojjam Zone of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia},
  journal = {Science Research},
  volume = {12},
  number = {1},
  pages = {9-19},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sr.20241201.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20241201.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sr.20241201.12},
  abstract = {Survey was conducted in four Districts of East Gojjam Zone Amhara Regional state of Ethiopia (Sinan, Dejen, Gozamen and Machakel). The objectives of the survey were to characterize cattle production systems, asses feed resources of cattle in eastern Gojjam and identify major constraint of cattle production in the zone. A total of 160 household heads were randomly selected and interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The study revealed that the average cattle herd size was 7.55 ± 0.31 heads per household and were significantly different (P<0.01) among districts. In the study districts, cattle are primarily kept for draught power followed by income source and milk production. According to the respondents, crop residue, hay and local brewery by-products are the main feed resources ranked in order of importance as first, second and third, respectively in dry season. Similarly, crop residue, cut and curry system and communal grazing are important feed sources in wet season (ranked as first, second and third, respectively). The study also shows that feed shortage was the main constraint affecting livestock production and productivity across the districts. In availability of appropriate cattle genotype and disease were identified as second and third important constraints. Due to shrinkage of grazing areas, farmers are shifting cattle rearing from permanent free grazing into tethering and semi-grazing systems. The total livestock number in the zone was estimated to be 7.55 TLU unit which is directly related to carrying capacity of the grazing feed resources in the area. Thus, the study implies that there is a need to improve fodder production, crop residue utilization, efficiency and utilization of artificial insemination to increase the number of improved cattle genotype and improve delivery of veterinary services in a smallholder cattle production system of the zone.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Characterization of Cattle Production System in East Gojjam Zone of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
AU  - Bainesagn Worku
AU  - Mezgebu Getnet
AU  - Anduamlak Assaye
Y1  - 2024/03/07
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20241201.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.sr.20241201.12
T2  - Science Research
JF  - Science Research
JO  - Science Research
SP  - 9
EP  - 19
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-0927
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20241201.12
AB  - Survey was conducted in four Districts of East Gojjam Zone Amhara Regional state of Ethiopia (Sinan, Dejen, Gozamen and Machakel). The objectives of the survey were to characterize cattle production systems, asses feed resources of cattle in eastern Gojjam and identify major constraint of cattle production in the zone. A total of 160 household heads were randomly selected and interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The study revealed that the average cattle herd size was 7.55 ± 0.31 heads per household and were significantly different (P<0.01) among districts. In the study districts, cattle are primarily kept for draught power followed by income source and milk production. According to the respondents, crop residue, hay and local brewery by-products are the main feed resources ranked in order of importance as first, second and third, respectively in dry season. Similarly, crop residue, cut and curry system and communal grazing are important feed sources in wet season (ranked as first, second and third, respectively). The study also shows that feed shortage was the main constraint affecting livestock production and productivity across the districts. In availability of appropriate cattle genotype and disease were identified as second and third important constraints. Due to shrinkage of grazing areas, farmers are shifting cattle rearing from permanent free grazing into tethering and semi-grazing systems. The total livestock number in the zone was estimated to be 7.55 TLU unit which is directly related to carrying capacity of the grazing feed resources in the area. Thus, the study implies that there is a need to improve fodder production, crop residue utilization, efficiency and utilization of artificial insemination to increase the number of improved cattle genotype and improve delivery of veterinary services in a smallholder cattle production system of the zone.

VL  - 12
IS  - 1
ER  -

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