Analysis of Pump Storaged's Functions at Grid Frequency Control and Contigency Response

Chen Tongfa; Wan Zhengxi; Yan Lei; Wu Zheng

doi:doi:10.11648/j.sr.20190703.12

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Analysis of Pump Storaged's Functions at Grid Frequency Control and Contigency Response

Chen Tongfa, Wan Zhengxi, Yan Lei, Wu Zheng

Published in Science Research (Volume 7, Issue 3)

Received: 22 June 2019 Accepted: 4 August 2019 Published: 11 October 2019

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Abstract

Frequency stability is one of the crucial indicators of electric power system. Pumped storage hydro (PSH) serves to improve grid security and achieve cost effectiveness and efficiency of overall power system. Frequency regulation is one of PSH's important ancillary services offered to grid. Based on the conventional classifications of frequency regulation, ie., primary frequency regulation (PFR), secondary frequency regulation (SFR) and tertiary frequency regulation (TFR), this paper explores the interreaction process of generation and grid in detailed and proposes two more frequency regulations which are defined as initial frequency regulation (IFR) and 2.5^th frequency regulation (contingency frequency regulation, CFR). Therefore the principles and characteristics of five types of frequency regulation are introduced and presented, and performance and economics of various generation units such as hydro, coal-fired, gas, gas combined-cycle and PSH that are engaged in five types of frequency regulation are compared and analyzied in this paper. Especially, the performance of PSH on CFR are illustrated in detail with successful operations of several pump-storage power plants in East China and North China grid under the circumstance of contingency. In one hand PSH's competence on CFR is advantageous compared to other generation units, in the otherhand since the PSH's compensation from frequency regulation is too minor, and more importantly, to avoid mix-up of CFR and contingency reserve which is the core competence of PSH, rhetorical assessment is not proposed on PSH's capability at CFR.

Published in	Science Research (Volume 7, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.sr.20190703.12
Page(s)	38-43
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

PSH, Frequency Regulation, Contingency

References

[1]	Suai Junqing, Key technologies applied in extra-large grid dispatching centre, published by China Electric Power Press, Beijing, 2010.
[2]	Gao Xiang, Applied technologies for frequency control in modern grid, published by China Electric Power Press, Beijing, 2010.
[3]	Xia Daozhi, Analysis of electric power system, published by China Electric Power Press, Beijing, 2010.
[4]	Wang Weichao, Zhang Ming, Hu Kun, Operation mode of electric power system, published by China Electric Power Press, Beijing, 2009.
[5]	Du Liang, Unleashed process and indicators system of frequency regulation capacity, published by Grid Technology, 2007, 31 (21).
[6]	Wang Hezhen, Record analysis of load responses df/da and grid frequency characteristics. published by Grid Technology, 1995, 19 (12).
[7]	Yang Jianhua, Steady state analysis and economic operation of electric power system, published by China Electric Power Press, Beijing, 2013.
[8]	Cheng Haozhong, Introduction of power quality, published by China Electric Power Press, Beijing, 2013.
[9]	Zhang Zhichao, Wang Zengping, Fang Panyu, Strategy study under emergency situation based on frequency and voltage [J], Protection and Control of Power System, 2013, 41 (03): 149-155.
[10]	Ed Habtour; Mark Paulus; Abhijit Dasgupta. Modeling Approach for Predicting the Rate of Frequency Change of Notched Beam Exposed to Gaussian Random Excitation [J], Shock and Vibration, 2014.
[11]	Tang J, Liu J, Ponci F. Adaptive load shedding based on combined frequency and voltage stability assessment using synchrophasor measurements [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems. 2013, 28 (2): 2035-2047.
[12]	Albu, M.; Dumitrescu, A. M.; Popovici, R., Rate of change of frequency - a power quality descriptor [A]. 2014.
[13]	Ying-Yi Hong, Shih-Fan Wei. Multiobjective underfrequency load shedding in an autonomous system using hierarchical genetic algorithms [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2016, 25 (3): 1355-1362.
[14]	CIGRE SCTF 38.02.19. System protection schemes in power networks [R]. 2017.
[15]	Yuan Ji Xiu. Security and Stability of Power System [M]. Published by China Electric Power Press, Beijing, 2018.

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APA Style

Chen Tongfa, Wan Zhengxi, Yan Lei, Wu Zheng. (2019). Analysis of Pump Storaged's Functions at Grid Frequency Control and Contigency Response. Science Research, 7(3), 38-43. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20190703.12

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ACS Style

Chen Tongfa; Wan Zhengxi; Yan Lei; Wu Zheng. Analysis of Pump Storaged's Functions at Grid Frequency Control and Contigency Response. Sci. Res. 2019, 7(3), 38-43. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20190703.12

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AMA Style

Chen Tongfa, Wan Zhengxi, Yan Lei, Wu Zheng. Analysis of Pump Storaged's Functions at Grid Frequency Control and Contigency Response. Sci Res. 2019;7(3):38-43. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20190703.12

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@article{10.11648/j.sr.20190703.12,
  author = {Chen Tongfa and Wan Zhengxi and Yan Lei and Wu Zheng},
  title = {Analysis of Pump Storaged's Functions at Grid Frequency Control and Contigency Response},
  journal = {Science Research},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {38-43},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sr.20190703.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20190703.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sr.20190703.12},
  abstract = {Frequency stability is one of the crucial indicators of electric power system. Pumped storage hydro (PSH) serves to improve grid security and achieve cost effectiveness and efficiency of overall power system. Frequency regulation is one of PSH's important ancillary services offered to grid. Based on the conventional classifications of frequency regulation, ie., primary frequency regulation (PFR), secondary frequency regulation (SFR) and tertiary frequency regulation (TFR), this paper explores the interreaction process of generation and grid in detailed and proposes two more frequency regulations which are defined as initial frequency regulation (IFR) and 2.5th frequency regulation (contingency frequency regulation, CFR). Therefore the principles and characteristics of five types of frequency regulation are introduced and presented, and performance and economics of various generation units such as hydro, coal-fired, gas, gas combined-cycle and PSH that are engaged in five types of frequency regulation are compared and analyzied in this paper. Especially, the performance of PSH on CFR are illustrated in detail with successful operations of several pump-storage power plants in East China and North China grid under the circumstance of contingency. In one hand PSH's competence on CFR is advantageous compared to other generation units, in the otherhand since the PSH's compensation from frequency regulation is too minor, and more importantly, to avoid mix-up of CFR and contingency reserve which is the core competence of PSH, rhetorical assessment is not proposed on PSH's capability at CFR.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Analysis of Pump Storaged's Functions at Grid Frequency Control and Contigency Response
AU  - Chen Tongfa
AU  - Wan Zhengxi
AU  - Yan Lei
AU  - Wu Zheng
Y1  - 2019/10/11
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20190703.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.sr.20190703.12
T2  - Science Research
JF  - Science Research
JO  - Science Research
SP  - 38
EP  - 43
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-0927
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20190703.12
AB  - Frequency stability is one of the crucial indicators of electric power system. Pumped storage hydro (PSH) serves to improve grid security and achieve cost effectiveness and efficiency of overall power system. Frequency regulation is one of PSH's important ancillary services offered to grid. Based on the conventional classifications of frequency regulation, ie., primary frequency regulation (PFR), secondary frequency regulation (SFR) and tertiary frequency regulation (TFR), this paper explores the interreaction process of generation and grid in detailed and proposes two more frequency regulations which are defined as initial frequency regulation (IFR) and 2.5th frequency regulation (contingency frequency regulation, CFR). Therefore the principles and characteristics of five types of frequency regulation are introduced and presented, and performance and economics of various generation units such as hydro, coal-fired, gas, gas combined-cycle and PSH that are engaged in five types of frequency regulation are compared and analyzied in this paper. Especially, the performance of PSH on CFR are illustrated in detail with successful operations of several pump-storage power plants in East China and North China grid under the circumstance of contingency. In one hand PSH's competence on CFR is advantageous compared to other generation units, in the otherhand since the PSH's compensation from frequency regulation is too minor, and more importantly, to avoid mix-up of CFR and contingency reserve which is the core competence of PSH, rhetorical assessment is not proposed on PSH's capability at CFR.
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Chen Tongfa

Department of Planning, State Grid Xinyuan Holding Company, Beijing, China
Wan Zhengxi

East China Tian Huangping Pump Storaged Power Company, Beijing, China
Yan Lei

Huilong Branch of State Grid Xinyuan Holding Company, Beijing, China
Wu Zheng

Department of Planning, State Grid Xinyuan Holding Company, Beijing, China

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Chen Tongfa, Wan Zhengxi, Yan Lei, Wu Zheng. (2019). Analysis of Pump Storaged's Functions at Grid Frequency Control and Contigency Response. Science Research, 7(3), 38-43. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20190703.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Chen Tongfa; Wan Zhengxi; Yan Lei; Wu Zheng. Analysis of Pump Storaged's Functions at Grid Frequency Control and Contigency Response. Sci. Res. 2019, 7(3), 38-43. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20190703.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Chen Tongfa, Wan Zhengxi, Yan Lei, Wu Zheng. Analysis of Pump Storaged's Functions at Grid Frequency Control and Contigency Response. Sci Res. 2019;7(3):38-43. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20190703.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.sr.20190703.12,
  author = {Chen Tongfa and Wan Zhengxi and Yan Lei and Wu Zheng},
  title = {Analysis of Pump Storaged's Functions at Grid Frequency Control and Contigency Response},
  journal = {Science Research},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {38-43},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sr.20190703.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20190703.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sr.20190703.12},
  abstract = {Frequency stability is one of the crucial indicators of electric power system. Pumped storage hydro (PSH) serves to improve grid security and achieve cost effectiveness and efficiency of overall power system. Frequency regulation is one of PSH's important ancillary services offered to grid. Based on the conventional classifications of frequency regulation, ie., primary frequency regulation (PFR), secondary frequency regulation (SFR) and tertiary frequency regulation (TFR), this paper explores the interreaction process of generation and grid in detailed and proposes two more frequency regulations which are defined as initial frequency regulation (IFR) and 2.5th frequency regulation (contingency frequency regulation, CFR). Therefore the principles and characteristics of five types of frequency regulation are introduced and presented, and performance and economics of various generation units such as hydro, coal-fired, gas, gas combined-cycle and PSH that are engaged in five types of frequency regulation are compared and analyzied in this paper. Especially, the performance of PSH on CFR are illustrated in detail with successful operations of several pump-storage power plants in East China and North China grid under the circumstance of contingency. In one hand PSH's competence on CFR is advantageous compared to other generation units, in the otherhand since the PSH's compensation from frequency regulation is too minor, and more importantly, to avoid mix-up of CFR and contingency reserve which is the core competence of PSH, rhetorical assessment is not proposed on PSH's capability at CFR.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Analysis of Pump Storaged's Functions at Grid Frequency Control and Contigency Response
AU  - Chen Tongfa
AU  - Wan Zhengxi
AU  - Yan Lei
AU  - Wu Zheng
Y1  - 2019/10/11
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20190703.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.sr.20190703.12
T2  - Science Research
JF  - Science Research
JO  - Science Research
SP  - 38
EP  - 43
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-0927
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20190703.12
AB  - Frequency stability is one of the crucial indicators of electric power system. Pumped storage hydro (PSH) serves to improve grid security and achieve cost effectiveness and efficiency of overall power system. Frequency regulation is one of PSH's important ancillary services offered to grid. Based on the conventional classifications of frequency regulation, ie., primary frequency regulation (PFR), secondary frequency regulation (SFR) and tertiary frequency regulation (TFR), this paper explores the interreaction process of generation and grid in detailed and proposes two more frequency regulations which are defined as initial frequency regulation (IFR) and 2.5th frequency regulation (contingency frequency regulation, CFR). Therefore the principles and characteristics of five types of frequency regulation are introduced and presented, and performance and economics of various generation units such as hydro, coal-fired, gas, gas combined-cycle and PSH that are engaged in five types of frequency regulation are compared and analyzied in this paper. Especially, the performance of PSH on CFR are illustrated in detail with successful operations of several pump-storage power plants in East China and North China grid under the circumstance of contingency. In one hand PSH's competence on CFR is advantageous compared to other generation units, in the otherhand since the PSH's compensation from frequency regulation is too minor, and more importantly, to avoid mix-up of CFR and contingency reserve which is the core competence of PSH, rhetorical assessment is not proposed on PSH's capability at CFR.
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download