Dam Break Analysis and Inundation Mapping, Case Study of Fincha’a Dam in Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

Jiregna Nugusa Duressa; Asie Kemal Jubir

doi:doi:10.11648/j.sr.20180602.11

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Dam Break Analysis and Inundation Mapping, Case Study of Fincha’a Dam in Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

Jiregna Nugusa Duressa, Asie Kemal Jubir

Published in Science Research (Volume 6, Issue 2)

Received: 23 October 2017 Accepted: 18 December 2017 Published: 26 April 2018

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Abstract

Fincha’a Dam was constructed in 1973 for the purpose of electricity generation, irrigation, fishery and truism with 22.2m height and 340m crest length. Fincha’a dam is rock fill dam with uncontrolled over flow spillway. There are different economic developments downstream of the Fincha’a dam including hydropower pant, irrigation project, residential house and sugar factory. These economic developments are affected either dam break by overtopping or piping mode of failure. The calculated breach parameters by Von Thun and Gillette Regression equation are selected as input data into the HEC-RAS model for dam break analysis. The general objective of the study is to analyze Dam break by using hydraulic models (Hydraulic Engineering Center’s River Analysis system). For this study the failure location is assumed to be at the center of the dam due to presence of high hydrostatic pressure and develop equally in both sides. From the result of Fincha’a dam break simulation the peak discharge formed by overtopping mode of failure is more devastating than the piping mode of failure. The effect of dam breach parameters on discharge is more pronounced than that of the water level. Dam break has greater impact on the downstream location where is closer to the dam in accordance with the hydrograph at downstream locations. The created Fincha’a river network was exported to HEC-RAS model for further dam break analysis by addition of different geometric data including dam information, calculated breach parameters, initial condition, upstream and downstream unsteady boundary condition. After full computation the model result were exported to integrated Arc-GIS and HEC- GeoRAS model for mapping flood inundation. Developed inundation map guides the dam owners and emergency management authority to give emergency action plan for the highly affected area by flooding and used for planning future economic development activities.

Published in	Science Research (Volume 6, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.sr.20180602.11
Page(s)	29-38
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Dam Break, Analysis, HEC-RAS, Hydrograph, HEC-GeoRAS, Inundation

References

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[2]	Altinakar, M. (2008). Modeling Tools for Dam Break Analysis. Mississippi: National Center for computational Hydroscience and Engineering.
[3]	Brunner, G. W. (2010). HEC-RAS, River Analysis System Hydraulic Reference Manual. United State of America: U.S Army Corps of Engineer.
[4]	Chow, V. T. (1959). open channel hydraulics. Tokyo: kogakusha campany.
[5]	Colorado Dam Safety Branch. (2010). Guidilines for Dam Break Analysis. Colorado: Colorado Division of Water Resource.
[6]	Corporation, E. E. (2004). Facts about power plant in Ethiopia. Addis Ababa: Ethiopian Electric and Power Company.
[7]	Engineer, W. R. (March 27–29, 2007). HEC-RAS DAM BREAK MODELING OF. Georgia Water Resources Conference (pp. 1-3). Atlanta: University of Georgia.
[8]	FEMA. (2013, july). Federal guidelines for innundation mapping of flood risks associated with Dam incidents and failures. FEMA, p-946.
[9]	Fread, D. L. (2011). Guidelines for developing an Emergency Action Plan. united state: Department of Environmental protetion.
[10]	G. B. (2014). Using HEC-RAS for Dam break studies. United State: Institute of water Resource Hydrologic Engineering center (CEIWR-HEC).
[11]	Gee, D. (2008). Comparison of breach parameter estimators. U.S.A: Corps of Engineers Hydrologic Engineering Center, 609 2nd st.,, Davis, CA, 95616.
[12]	Kamanbedast, A., & Bryanvand, R. (2014). Effects of Dam Break on Downstream Lands Using Gis and Hec-Ras (Case. Advances in Environmental Biology, 2314-2321.
[13]	Libraries, U. o. (2012). Introduction to GIS. USA: U.S. Government Information, Maps & GIS Services.
[14]	Natale. E. (2009). Dam Break Analysis. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Civil and Environmental Engineering. Chilean Patagonia: MIT.
[15]	Sachin. (2014, may). Dam Break Analysis Using Mike11. Master Thesis, 11-13.
[16]	Safety, D. o. (2009). Guidelines for Developping an Emergency Action Plan. Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency.
[17]	Shahraki, A., Zadbar, A., Motevalli, M., & Aghajani, F. (2012). Modelling of Earth Dam Break with SMPDBK Case Study: Bidekan Earth Dam. World Applied Science, 376-386.
[18]	Source Ministry of Water, Irrigation and Energy. (1973). design of fincha'a dam fesibility study. Addis abeba:.
[19]	Steininger, A. (2014). Dam Overtopping and Flood Routing. Colorado: Colorado State Universiyt Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering.
[20]	Sterk, B. T. (2008, Feburary ). Hydropower-Induced Land Use Change in Fincha'a Watershed, Analysis and Impacts. Mountain Reserch and Development, 28 (1): 72-80.2008, 2,73.
[21]	Tefera, B. (2006). Environmental and social-economoic Changes indused by a reservoir Fincha'a Watershed. Tropical Resource Mangement, 3.
[22]	Wahl, T. L. (1998). Prediction of Embankment Dam Breach Parameters. u.s: DSO-98-004.
[23]	Xiong, Y. (. (2011, march 28). A Dam Break Analysis Using HEC-RAS. Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 370-379.

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APA Style

Jiregna Nugusa Duressa, Asie Kemal Jubir. (2018). Dam Break Analysis and Inundation Mapping, Case Study of Fincha’a Dam in Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Science Research, 6(2), 29-38. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20180602.11

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ACS Style

Jiregna Nugusa Duressa; Asie Kemal Jubir. Dam Break Analysis and Inundation Mapping, Case Study of Fincha’a Dam in Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Sci. Res. 2018, 6(2), 29-38. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20180602.11

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AMA Style

Jiregna Nugusa Duressa, Asie Kemal Jubir. Dam Break Analysis and Inundation Mapping, Case Study of Fincha’a Dam in Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Sci Res. 2018;6(2):29-38. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20180602.11

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@article{10.11648/j.sr.20180602.11,
  author = {Jiregna Nugusa Duressa and Asie Kemal Jubir},
  title = {Dam Break Analysis and Inundation Mapping, Case Study of Fincha’a Dam in Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia},
  journal = {Science Research},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {29-38},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sr.20180602.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20180602.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sr.20180602.11},
  abstract = {Fincha’a Dam was constructed in 1973 for the purpose of electricity generation, irrigation, fishery and truism with 22.2m height and 340m crest length. Fincha’a dam is rock fill dam with uncontrolled over flow spillway. There are different economic developments downstream of the Fincha’a dam including hydropower pant, irrigation project, residential house and sugar factory. These economic developments are affected either dam break by overtopping or piping mode of failure. The calculated breach parameters by Von Thun and Gillette Regression equation are selected as input data into the HEC-RAS model for dam break analysis. The general objective of the study is to analyze Dam break by using hydraulic models (Hydraulic Engineering Center’s River Analysis system). For this study the failure location is assumed to be at the center of the dam due to presence of high hydrostatic pressure and develop equally in both sides. From the result of Fincha’a dam break simulation the peak discharge formed by overtopping mode of failure is more devastating than the piping mode of failure. The effect of dam breach parameters on discharge is more pronounced than that of the water level. Dam break has greater impact on the downstream location where is closer to the dam in accordance with the hydrograph at downstream locations. The created Fincha’a river network was exported to HEC-RAS model for further dam break analysis by addition of different geometric data including dam information, calculated breach parameters, initial condition, upstream and downstream unsteady boundary condition. After full computation the model result were exported to integrated Arc-GIS and HEC- GeoRAS model for mapping flood inundation. Developed inundation map guides the dam owners and emergency management authority to give emergency action plan for the highly affected area by flooding and used for planning future economic development activities.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Dam Break Analysis and Inundation Mapping, Case Study of Fincha’a Dam in Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
AU - Jiregna Nugusa Duressa
AU - Asie Kemal Jubir
Y1 - 2018/04/26
PY - 2018
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20180602.11
DO - 10.11648/j.sr.20180602.11
T2 - Science Research
JF - Science Research
JO - Science Research
SP - 29
EP - 38
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2329-0927
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20180602.11
AB - Fincha’a Dam was constructed in 1973 for the purpose of electricity generation, irrigation, fishery and truism with 22.2m height and 340m crest length. Fincha’a dam is rock fill dam with uncontrolled over flow spillway. There are different economic developments downstream of the Fincha’a dam including hydropower pant, irrigation project, residential house and sugar factory. These economic developments are affected either dam break by overtopping or piping mode of failure. The calculated breach parameters by Von Thun and Gillette Regression equation are selected as input data into the HEC-RAS model for dam break analysis. The general objective of the study is to analyze Dam break by using hydraulic models (Hydraulic Engineering Center’s River Analysis system). For this study the failure location is assumed to be at the center of the dam due to presence of high hydrostatic pressure and develop equally in both sides. From the result of Fincha’a dam break simulation the peak discharge formed by overtopping mode of failure is more devastating than the piping mode of failure. The effect of dam breach parameters on discharge is more pronounced than that of the water level. Dam break has greater impact on the downstream location where is closer to the dam in accordance with the hydrograph at downstream locations. The created Fincha’a river network was exported to HEC-RAS model for further dam break analysis by addition of different geometric data including dam information, calculated breach parameters, initial condition, upstream and downstream unsteady boundary condition. After full computation the model result were exported to integrated Arc-GIS and HEC- GeoRAS model for mapping flood inundation. Developed inundation map guides the dam owners and emergency management authority to give emergency action plan for the highly affected area by flooding and used for planning future economic development activities.
VL - 6
IS - 2
ER -

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Author Information

Jiregna Nugusa Duressa

Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Asie Kemal Jubir

Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Jiregna Nugusa Duressa, Asie Kemal Jubir. (2018). Dam Break Analysis and Inundation Mapping, Case Study of Fincha’a Dam in Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Science Research, 6(2), 29-38. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20180602.11

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ACS Style

Jiregna Nugusa Duressa; Asie Kemal Jubir. Dam Break Analysis and Inundation Mapping, Case Study of Fincha’a Dam in Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Sci. Res. 2018, 6(2), 29-38. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20180602.11

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AMA Style

Jiregna Nugusa Duressa, Asie Kemal Jubir. Dam Break Analysis and Inundation Mapping, Case Study of Fincha’a Dam in Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Sci Res. 2018;6(2):29-38. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20180602.11

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@article{10.11648/j.sr.20180602.11,
  author = {Jiregna Nugusa Duressa and Asie Kemal Jubir},
  title = {Dam Break Analysis and Inundation Mapping, Case Study of Fincha’a Dam in Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia},
  journal = {Science Research},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {29-38},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sr.20180602.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20180602.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sr.20180602.11},
  abstract = {Fincha’a Dam was constructed in 1973 for the purpose of electricity generation, irrigation, fishery and truism with 22.2m height and 340m crest length. Fincha’a dam is rock fill dam with uncontrolled over flow spillway. There are different economic developments downstream of the Fincha’a dam including hydropower pant, irrigation project, residential house and sugar factory. These economic developments are affected either dam break by overtopping or piping mode of failure. The calculated breach parameters by Von Thun and Gillette Regression equation are selected as input data into the HEC-RAS model for dam break analysis. The general objective of the study is to analyze Dam break by using hydraulic models (Hydraulic Engineering Center’s River Analysis system). For this study the failure location is assumed to be at the center of the dam due to presence of high hydrostatic pressure and develop equally in both sides. From the result of Fincha’a dam break simulation the peak discharge formed by overtopping mode of failure is more devastating than the piping mode of failure. The effect of dam breach parameters on discharge is more pronounced than that of the water level. Dam break has greater impact on the downstream location where is closer to the dam in accordance with the hydrograph at downstream locations. The created Fincha’a river network was exported to HEC-RAS model for further dam break analysis by addition of different geometric data including dam information, calculated breach parameters, initial condition, upstream and downstream unsteady boundary condition. After full computation the model result were exported to integrated Arc-GIS and HEC- GeoRAS model for mapping flood inundation. Developed inundation map guides the dam owners and emergency management authority to give emergency action plan for the highly affected area by flooding and used for planning future economic development activities.},
 year = {2018}
}

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