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The Design and Need for Jigs and Fixtures in Manufacturing

Received: 21 June 2015     Accepted: 18 July 2015     Published: 28 July 2015
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Abstract

The paper gave a detailed definition of jigs and fixtures, and also identified the numerous advantages that are associated with the use of jigs and fixtures in manufacturing to include: production increase, cost reduction, interchangeability and high accuracy of parts, reduction of the need for inspection and quality control expenses, reduction of accident as safety is improved, automation of machine tool to an appreciable extent, easy machining of complex and heavy components, as well as low variability in dimension which leads to consistent quality of manufactured products. The work also explained that since the design is dependent on numerous factors which are analyzed to achieve an optimum output, that jigs and fixtures should be made of rigid light materials to facilitate easy handling. For adequate strength and rigidity, a mild steel with 16 millimeters diameter was chosen for the design of a sample jig and fixture. Mild steel which contain about 0.29% of carbon are very cheap, and because of their easy availability are often the choicest material for the making of jigs of fixtures.With 1.5 as the material factor ‘k’ for mild steel, a feed rate of 0.17 millimeter per revolution, and a drill diameter of 16 millimeters, the Thrust/Drilling force was calculated as 3094.2 N. The Force acting on each of the lips was calculated as 1700 N, the Torque (M) was gotten as 1360N-mm, while the value of the Clamping Force was also calculated as 4080N. The calculated values confirmed that a 16 millimeter diameter mild will lead to the construction of a rigid and strong jigs and fixtures that will guarantee high machining accuracy, consistent quality of products, and interchangeability. Finall, the paper advocated that jigs and fixtures must be provided with adequate clearance which should allow for variations in size of components especially during forging, milling, and casting operations.

Published in Science Research (Volume 3, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.sr.20150304.19
Page(s) 213-219
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Components, Work-Holding, Manufacturing, Production, Operation, Devices, Machining, Work-Piece, Clamping, Bushes

References
[1] Joshi, P. (2010). “Jigs and Fixtures” Tata McGraw Hill Education, New Delhi, India.
[2] Nanthakumar, K. and Prabakaran, V. (2014). “Design and Fabrication Testing of Combined Multipurpose Jig and Fixture” IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering. www.iosrjournals.org.
[3] Lin, Q., Burdick, J., and Rimon, E. (2006). “Constructing Minimum Deflection Arrangements Using Invariant Norms” IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, Vol. 3, No. 3.
[4] Blogspot (2010). “Introduction to Jigs and Fixtures” [Online] engineeringhut.blogspot.com/2010/11/jigs-and-fixtures.html[Accessed 5 May 2015].
[5] Spogel (2014). “Mini project on Jigs and Fixtures” [Online] http://files.spogel.com/miniprojectsin-mech/p-0027--Jigs-and-Fixtures.pdf[Accessed 18 May 2015].
[6] Kaija, T. and Heino, P. (2006). “The Optimization of On-wafer Shield-Based Test Fixture Layout” IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 54, No. 5.
[7] Meduettaxila (2012). “Jigs and Fixtures Module” [Online] https://2k9meduettaxila.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/scan-jigs-and-fixtures.pdf [Accessed 22 May 2015].
[8] Mechnol (2015). “Applications of Jigs and Fixtures” [Online] http://www.mechnol.com/applications-of-jigs-and-fixtures.html [Accessed 11 July 2015].
[9] Pachbhai, S. and Raut, L. (2014). “A Review on Design of Fixtures” International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science, Vol. 2, Issue 2.
[10] Chennu, V. (2014) “Jigs and Fixtures and their Purposes” [Online] http://www.me-mechanicalengineering.com/2015/02/jigs-and-fixtures.html [Accessed 12 July 2015].
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Charles Chikwendu Okpala, Ezeanyim Okechukwu C. (2015). The Design and Need for Jigs and Fixtures in Manufacturing. Science Research, 3(4), 213-219. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20150304.19

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    ACS Style

    Charles Chikwendu Okpala; Ezeanyim Okechukwu C. The Design and Need for Jigs and Fixtures in Manufacturing. Sci. Res. 2015, 3(4), 213-219. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20150304.19

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    AMA Style

    Charles Chikwendu Okpala, Ezeanyim Okechukwu C. The Design and Need for Jigs and Fixtures in Manufacturing. Sci Res. 2015;3(4):213-219. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20150304.19

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  • @article{10.11648/j.sr.20150304.19,
      author = {Charles Chikwendu Okpala and Ezeanyim Okechukwu C.},
      title = {The Design and Need for Jigs and Fixtures in Manufacturing},
      journal = {Science Research},
      volume = {3},
      number = {4},
      pages = {213-219},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sr.20150304.19},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20150304.19},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sr.20150304.19},
      abstract = {The paper gave a detailed definition of jigs and fixtures, and also identified the numerous advantages that are associated with the use of jigs and fixtures in manufacturing to include: production increase, cost reduction, interchangeability and high accuracy of parts, reduction of the need for inspection and quality control expenses, reduction of accident as safety is improved, automation of machine tool to an appreciable extent, easy machining of complex and heavy components, as well as low variability in dimension which leads to consistent quality of manufactured products. The work also explained that since the design is dependent on numerous factors which are analyzed to achieve an optimum output, that jigs and fixtures should be made of rigid light materials to facilitate easy handling. For adequate strength and rigidity, a mild steel with 16 millimeters diameter was chosen for the design of a sample jig and fixture. Mild steel which contain about 0.29% of carbon are very cheap, and because of their easy availability are often the choicest material for the making of jigs of fixtures.With 1.5 as the material factor ‘k’ for mild steel, a feed rate of 0.17 millimeter per revolution, and a drill diameter of 16 millimeters, the Thrust/Drilling force was calculated as 3094.2 N. The Force acting on each of the lips was calculated as 1700 N, the Torque (M) was gotten as 1360N-mm, while the value of the Clamping Force was also calculated as 4080N. The calculated values confirmed that a 16 millimeter diameter mild will lead to the construction of a rigid and strong jigs and fixtures that will guarantee high machining accuracy, consistent quality of products, and interchangeability. Finall, the paper advocated that jigs and fixtures must be provided with adequate clearance which should allow for variations in size of components especially during forging, milling, and casting operations.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
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    AU  - Charles Chikwendu Okpala
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    Y1  - 2015/07/28
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    AB  - The paper gave a detailed definition of jigs and fixtures, and also identified the numerous advantages that are associated with the use of jigs and fixtures in manufacturing to include: production increase, cost reduction, interchangeability and high accuracy of parts, reduction of the need for inspection and quality control expenses, reduction of accident as safety is improved, automation of machine tool to an appreciable extent, easy machining of complex and heavy components, as well as low variability in dimension which leads to consistent quality of manufactured products. The work also explained that since the design is dependent on numerous factors which are analyzed to achieve an optimum output, that jigs and fixtures should be made of rigid light materials to facilitate easy handling. For adequate strength and rigidity, a mild steel with 16 millimeters diameter was chosen for the design of a sample jig and fixture. Mild steel which contain about 0.29% of carbon are very cheap, and because of their easy availability are often the choicest material for the making of jigs of fixtures.With 1.5 as the material factor ‘k’ for mild steel, a feed rate of 0.17 millimeter per revolution, and a drill diameter of 16 millimeters, the Thrust/Drilling force was calculated as 3094.2 N. The Force acting on each of the lips was calculated as 1700 N, the Torque (M) was gotten as 1360N-mm, while the value of the Clamping Force was also calculated as 4080N. The calculated values confirmed that a 16 millimeter diameter mild will lead to the construction of a rigid and strong jigs and fixtures that will guarantee high machining accuracy, consistent quality of products, and interchangeability. Finall, the paper advocated that jigs and fixtures must be provided with adequate clearance which should allow for variations in size of components especially during forging, milling, and casting operations.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Industrial/Production Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

  • Department of Industrial/Production Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

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