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Effects of Vegetable Oil Reused for Frying on the Liver of Albino Rats

Received: 9 November 2018     Accepted: 17 December 2018     Published: 30 January 2019
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Abstract

The reuse of vegetable oils for food preparation has become a very common practice in both food outlets and homes. Several changes in flavor and taste are observed in the food prepared with reused vegetable oils. This research investigated the effects of vegetable oil used for frying akara balls on lipid profile and liver enzymes of albino rats. Twenty-one adult male albino rats (8-12 weeks old) were used for this research. The rats were divided into seven (7) groups, (3 rats per group). They were allowed to acclimatize for a period of one week. Group 1 served as the control group and was fed with feed mixed with unheated vegetable oil. Groups 2-7 were fed with feed mixed with 2mls of the oil used for frying for a period of two weeks. After the treatment period, they were sacrificed and their blood collected for laboratory analysis. Lipid profile and liver enzymes tests were performed on the collected samples. The results revealed high level of CHOL and LDL, and low levels of HDL, TRIG and VLDL in all the test groups over the control. The levels increased/decreased with frying time. The liver enzymes (ALT, ALP and AST) levels in the test groups were found to be high when compared to the control group. The increased level of enzymes, suggests hepatic injury in the animals fed with reused oil. This suggests that consumption of vegetable oil that has been repeatedly used for frying has harmful effect in the body.

Published in Science Journal of Chemistry (Volume 7, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.sjc.20190701.12
Page(s) 11-14
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Albino Rats, Liver Enzymes, Vegetable Oil, Lipid Profile, akara

References
[1] Ayodeji, O. F, Ganiju, O, Adebayo, O. A, Oluwatoyin, V. O. (2015). Consumption of thermally oxidized palm oil diets alters biochemical indices in rats. Beni-Surf University Journal of Basic And Applied Sciences 4 (2), 150-156.
[2] Frank, M. and Painter, D. C. (Nov. 1996). Important fats for the body. Nutritional Science News.
[3] Garrido-Polonio. C, Garcia-Linares, M. C, Garcia-Arias, M. T, Lopez-Varella, S, Garcia-Katragadda, H. R, Fullana, A, Sidhu, S and Carbonnett-Barrashina, A. A. (2009). Emissions of volatile aldehyde from heated cooking oils. Food Chemistry. 120, 59-65.
[4] Goldberg, J. M. and Kirsch, J. F (1996). Proteins: Structure, Function and Genetics. Medline. 24, 195-208.
[5] Gupta, M. K (2005). Frying Oils. Wiley Online Library 1999-2017.
[6] Imafidon, K. E. and Okunrobo, L. O. (2012). Study on biochemical indices of liver function tests of albino rats supplemented with three sources of vegetable oils. Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Science. 19 (2): 105-110.
[7] Kamsiah, J, Mohd, R. M and Xin-Fang L. (2011). The effects of heated vegetable oils on blood pressure in rats. Clinics,. 66 (12), 2125-2132.
[8] Lapointe, A., Couillard, C., Lemieux, S. (2006). Effects of dietary factors on oxidation of low-density lipoprotein particles. Journal of nutritional biochemistry. 17 (10), 645-658.
[9] Maduelosi, N. J, Obomanu F. G, and Fekarurhobo, G. K. (2012). Dye Sensitized Photo-oxidation of Some Vegetable Oils. Journal of Emerging Trends in Eng. and Appl. Sci.. 3 (5): 740-742.
[10] Maduelosi N. J., and Worlu, G. E (2015). Effect of Photo- Oxidized Groundnut oil (Arachis hypogea) on the Liver Enzymes of Albino Rats. International Journal of Advanced Research in Chemical Science.. 2 (11) 5- 7.
[11] Mensah, E and Obeng, G. Y. (2013). Assessment and projection of waste vegetable oil from hotels for biodiesel feedstock and CO2 savings in Ghana. IntJournal of engineering research and technology. 2, (4), 1-12.
[12] Moreira, R. G, Casteel-Perez, M. E and Barrufet, M. A. (1999). Deep fat frying: fundamentals and applications. Aspen publishers, Galithersburg M. D.
[13] Onyeike, E. N., Monanu, M. O. and Okoye, C. N. (2012). Changes in the blood lipid profile of wistaralbinorats fed rich cholesterol diet. Annals of Biological Research, 3 (11):5186-5191.
[14] Saha, S. K, Ahmad, N, Majunder, S, Hosain, M. Z. and Miah, M. A. (2005). Effects of different edible oil on growth performance, different organ weight and serum transaminase in rats. BaglJournal of Vet. Med, 3 (1), 79-81.
[15] Shastry, C. S, Patel, N. Ambala, J. Hand and Aswathranrayana B. J (2011). Evaluation of effect of reused edible oil on vital organs of Wistar rats. Journal of Health Science 1 (4) 10-15.
[16] WebMD (2017), Higher Triglycerides, Topic Overview.
[17] WebMD (2017), Cholesterol management.
[18] Wolfrum, C, and Spenner, F. (2014). Impact of dietary oils and fats on lipid peroxidation in liver and blood of albino rats. Asia Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 4 (1), 52-58.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Maduelosi Ngozi Jane, Obediah Gogo Appolos, Ogbonna Ogechi Debora. (2019). Effects of Vegetable Oil Reused for Frying on the Liver of Albino Rats. Science Journal of Chemistry, 7(1), 11-14. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20190701.12

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    ACS Style

    Maduelosi Ngozi Jane; Obediah Gogo Appolos; Ogbonna Ogechi Debora. Effects of Vegetable Oil Reused for Frying on the Liver of Albino Rats. Sci. J. Chem. 2019, 7(1), 11-14. doi: 10.11648/j.sjc.20190701.12

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    AMA Style

    Maduelosi Ngozi Jane, Obediah Gogo Appolos, Ogbonna Ogechi Debora. Effects of Vegetable Oil Reused for Frying on the Liver of Albino Rats. Sci J Chem. 2019;7(1):11-14. doi: 10.11648/j.sjc.20190701.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.sjc.20190701.12,
      author = {Maduelosi Ngozi Jane and Obediah Gogo Appolos and Ogbonna Ogechi Debora},
      title = {Effects of Vegetable Oil Reused for Frying on the Liver of Albino Rats},
      journal = {Science Journal of Chemistry},
      volume = {7},
      number = {1},
      pages = {11-14},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sjc.20190701.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20190701.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjc.20190701.12},
      abstract = {The reuse of vegetable oils for food preparation has become a very common practice in both food outlets and homes. Several changes in flavor and taste are observed in the food prepared with reused vegetable oils. This research investigated the effects of vegetable oil used for frying akara balls on lipid profile and liver enzymes of albino rats. Twenty-one adult male albino rats (8-12 weeks old) were used for this research. The rats were divided into seven (7) groups, (3 rats per group). They were allowed to acclimatize for a period of one week. Group 1 served as the control group and was fed with feed mixed with unheated vegetable oil. Groups 2-7 were fed with feed mixed with 2mls of the oil used for frying for a period of two weeks. After the treatment period, they were sacrificed and their blood collected for laboratory analysis. Lipid profile and liver enzymes tests were performed on the collected samples. The results revealed high level of CHOL and LDL, and low levels of HDL, TRIG and VLDL in all the test groups over the control. The levels increased/decreased with frying time. The liver enzymes (ALT, ALP and AST) levels in the test groups were found to be high when compared to the control group. The increased level of enzymes, suggests hepatic injury in the animals fed with reused oil. This suggests that consumption of vegetable oil that has been repeatedly used for frying has harmful effect in the body.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Effects of Vegetable Oil Reused for Frying on the Liver of Albino Rats
    AU  - Maduelosi Ngozi Jane
    AU  - Obediah Gogo Appolos
    AU  - Ogbonna Ogechi Debora
    Y1  - 2019/01/30
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20190701.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.sjc.20190701.12
    T2  - Science Journal of Chemistry
    JF  - Science Journal of Chemistry
    JO  - Science Journal of Chemistry
    SP  - 11
    EP  - 14
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-099X
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjc.20190701.12
    AB  - The reuse of vegetable oils for food preparation has become a very common practice in both food outlets and homes. Several changes in flavor and taste are observed in the food prepared with reused vegetable oils. This research investigated the effects of vegetable oil used for frying akara balls on lipid profile and liver enzymes of albino rats. Twenty-one adult male albino rats (8-12 weeks old) were used for this research. The rats were divided into seven (7) groups, (3 rats per group). They were allowed to acclimatize for a period of one week. Group 1 served as the control group and was fed with feed mixed with unheated vegetable oil. Groups 2-7 were fed with feed mixed with 2mls of the oil used for frying for a period of two weeks. After the treatment period, they were sacrificed and their blood collected for laboratory analysis. Lipid profile and liver enzymes tests were performed on the collected samples. The results revealed high level of CHOL and LDL, and low levels of HDL, TRIG and VLDL in all the test groups over the control. The levels increased/decreased with frying time. The liver enzymes (ALT, ALP and AST) levels in the test groups were found to be high when compared to the control group. The increased level of enzymes, suggests hepatic injury in the animals fed with reused oil. This suggests that consumption of vegetable oil that has been repeatedly used for frying has harmful effect in the body.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Chemistry, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

  • Department of Biochemistry, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

  • Department of Chemistry, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

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