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Phytotoxicity and Iron Homeostasis Disturbance of Bismuth on IRT1 Promoter Knockout Arabidopsis thaliana

Published in Plant (Volume 9, Issue 3)
Received: 16 July 2021     Accepted: 28 July 2021     Published: 4 August 2021
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Abstract

Bismuth (Bi) is used in semiconductors and water pipes as a substitute for lead. The Bi concentration in the soil has not been investigated, and there is no environmental quality standard for Bi in Japan. We previously reported Bi accumulation and phytotoxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) and Solanum lycopersicum, which were presented that Bi disturb iron (Fe) homeostasis in both plants. However, the mechanism of Bi phytotoxicity remains unclear. We examined the toxic effect of Bi for the expression of Fe-related genes in A. thaliana. The microarray analysis revealed an increase of the Fe regulation cascade including the subgroup Ib transcription factor. We tried to clear the effect to Fe homeostasis using the Iron-Regulated Transporter 1 (IRT1) promoter knockout line. Bi inhibits the root growth and lateral root development, while Bi induces Fe contents. In wild type, Fe was located in the stem cell niche (SCN) without Bi condition. Fe location in IRT1 promoter knockout line was disturbed by 2 µM Bi treatment. Moreover, the cell death in root was found in 2 µM Bi treated-roots. These results suggest that Bi disturbed the Fe homeostasis, Fe overaccumulation enhanced cell death in A. thaliana, and Bi damaged SCN in the root tip.

Published in Plant (Volume 9, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.plant.20210903.12
Page(s) 48-57
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Bismuth (Bi), Iron (Fe), Iron-Regulated Transporter 1 (IRT1), Stem Cell Niche (SCN), Quiescent Center (QC)

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  • APA Style

    Makoto Nishimura, Takeshi Nagata. (2021). Phytotoxicity and Iron Homeostasis Disturbance of Bismuth on IRT1 Promoter Knockout Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant, 9(3), 48-57. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20210903.12

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    ACS Style

    Makoto Nishimura; Takeshi Nagata. Phytotoxicity and Iron Homeostasis Disturbance of Bismuth on IRT1 Promoter Knockout Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant. 2021, 9(3), 48-57. doi: 10.11648/j.plant.20210903.12

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    AMA Style

    Makoto Nishimura, Takeshi Nagata. Phytotoxicity and Iron Homeostasis Disturbance of Bismuth on IRT1 Promoter Knockout Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant. 2021;9(3):48-57. doi: 10.11648/j.plant.20210903.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.plant.20210903.12,
      author = {Makoto Nishimura and Takeshi Nagata},
      title = {Phytotoxicity and Iron Homeostasis Disturbance of Bismuth on IRT1 Promoter Knockout Arabidopsis thaliana},
      journal = {Plant},
      volume = {9},
      number = {3},
      pages = {48-57},
      doi = {10.11648/j.plant.20210903.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20210903.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.plant.20210903.12},
      abstract = {Bismuth (Bi) is used in semiconductors and water pipes as a substitute for lead. The Bi concentration in the soil has not been investigated, and there is no environmental quality standard for Bi in Japan. We previously reported Bi accumulation and phytotoxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) and Solanum lycopersicum, which were presented that Bi disturb iron (Fe) homeostasis in both plants. However, the mechanism of Bi phytotoxicity remains unclear. We examined the toxic effect of Bi for the expression of Fe-related genes in A. thaliana. The microarray analysis revealed an increase of the Fe regulation cascade including the subgroup Ib transcription factor. We tried to clear the effect to Fe homeostasis using the Iron-Regulated Transporter 1 (IRT1) promoter knockout line. Bi inhibits the root growth and lateral root development, while Bi induces Fe contents. In wild type, Fe was located in the stem cell niche (SCN) without Bi condition. Fe location in IRT1 promoter knockout line was disturbed by 2 µM Bi treatment. Moreover, the cell death in root was found in 2 µM Bi treated-roots. These results suggest that Bi disturbed the Fe homeostasis, Fe overaccumulation enhanced cell death in A. thaliana, and Bi damaged SCN in the root tip.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Phytotoxicity and Iron Homeostasis Disturbance of Bismuth on IRT1 Promoter Knockout Arabidopsis thaliana
    AU  - Makoto Nishimura
    AU  - Takeshi Nagata
    Y1  - 2021/08/04
    PY  - 2021
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20210903.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.plant.20210903.12
    T2  - Plant
    JF  - Plant
    JO  - Plant
    SP  - 48
    EP  - 57
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2331-0677
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20210903.12
    AB  - Bismuth (Bi) is used in semiconductors and water pipes as a substitute for lead. The Bi concentration in the soil has not been investigated, and there is no environmental quality standard for Bi in Japan. We previously reported Bi accumulation and phytotoxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) and Solanum lycopersicum, which were presented that Bi disturb iron (Fe) homeostasis in both plants. However, the mechanism of Bi phytotoxicity remains unclear. We examined the toxic effect of Bi for the expression of Fe-related genes in A. thaliana. The microarray analysis revealed an increase of the Fe regulation cascade including the subgroup Ib transcription factor. We tried to clear the effect to Fe homeostasis using the Iron-Regulated Transporter 1 (IRT1) promoter knockout line. Bi inhibits the root growth and lateral root development, while Bi induces Fe contents. In wild type, Fe was located in the stem cell niche (SCN) without Bi condition. Fe location in IRT1 promoter knockout line was disturbed by 2 µM Bi treatment. Moreover, the cell death in root was found in 2 µM Bi treated-roots. These results suggest that Bi disturbed the Fe homeostasis, Fe overaccumulation enhanced cell death in A. thaliana, and Bi damaged SCN in the root tip.
    VL  - 9
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Life Science, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan

  • Department of Life Science, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan

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