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Rain Fade Mitigation Technique Using Residue Number System Architecture on KU Band Satellite Communication Link

Received: 26 August 2020     Accepted: 13 October 2020     Published: 20 October 2020
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Abstract

Rain fade is the loss of signal power at the receiver of a telecommunication system mainly due to absorption and scattering caused by rain in the transmission medium, especially at frequencies above 10 GHz. In order to combat the loss of the signal power at the receiver, there is the need to employ rain fade mitigation techniques. Consequently, researchers have been studying how rain affects the signal in different geographical locations as well as proposing some mitigation techniques. Power control is one of the mitigation techniques that have been proposed. But this technique has some associated challenges. Increasing the power will lead to an increase in cost of transmission which will eventually be passed on to the consumer thereby making satellite services expensive. It introduces a delay in compensation due to link estimation and coordination. Also, because of health concerns there is a limit to the amount of power that can be radiated to the ground and this is governed by international agreements. Another power management drawback in using this technique is that, it is essential to track the power continuously to ensure that the power values are not set too high, which can lead to the front end of the receiver being overdriven and eventually leading to a shutdown or physical damage. In this paper, we address the power control challenges, by leveraging on the inherent properties of Residue Number System (RNS) to propose an RNS architecture using the moduli set {22n+1-1, 22n -1, 22n} that can mitigate rain fade in the satellite link. In digital communication systems, the bit energy, eb, is the most important parameter in determining the communications link performance. Numerical analysis shows that the proposed scheme performs better than the traditional method as indicated in the high energy per bit value obtained in the proposed system in comparison with the traditional method.

Published in Advances in Networks (Volume 8, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.net.20200801.11
Page(s) 1-8
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Rain Fade Mitigation, Power Control, Residue Number System

References
[1] Crane, R. (1997). Electromagnetic Wave Propagation through Rain, John Wiley, New York, 1996, Chapter 2-3.
[2] Ulaganathen K., Rahman A. T., Islam R. and Malek A. N (2015), Mitigation Technique for Rain Fade Using Frequency Diversity Method, IEEE 12th Malaysia International Conference on Communications (MICC), Kuching, Malaysia, November 2015.
[3] Nwaogu C. C., Amadi A. O., and Alozie I. S (2019), Mitigating Rain Attenuation on Wireless Communication Link Using Adaptive Power Control, Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering and Computer Science WCECS 2019, San Francisco, USA, pp. 22-24.
[4] Ippolito J. Louis (1986), Radiowave Propagation in Satellite Communications, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York.
[5] Patel, B. (2007). Emerging Digital Transmission Techniques for HDTV.
[6] Claudio, J., R., and Jacob, S. (2003). Adaptive Image De-noising and Edge Enhancement I Scale-Space using Wavelet Transforms. Pattern Recognition Letters, Volume 13, No. 7, pp 965-971.
[7] Taylor F. J. (1984): “Residue Arithmetic: A Tutorial with Examples,” Computer, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 50-62.
[8] Arash H., Keivan N. and Reza R.(2008): A new high dynamic range moduli set with efficient reverse converter, An internation Journal of Computers and Mathematics with Applications Vol 55, Issue 4,, pp. 660–668.
[9] Gbolagade, K., A. (2010). Effective Reverse Conversion in Residue Number System Processors. PhD thesis, Delft University of Technology (TU-Delft), The Netherlands.
[10] Molahosseini A. S. and Navi K. (2007), New Arithmetic Residue to Binary Converters, International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering Systems, Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 296-300.
[11] Szabo N. S. and Tanaka R. I. (1967): Residue Arithmetic and its Applications to computer Technology, New York: McGraw-Hill.
[12] Soderstrand M. A., Jenkins W. K., Jullien G. A. and Taylor F. J. (1986): Residue Number System Arithmetic: Modern Applications in Digital Signal Processing New York: IEEE Press.
[13] Wang Y., Xiaoyu S., and Mostapha A. (2002). Adder Based Residue to Binary Number Converters, IEEE Transactions On Signal Processing, Vol. 50, No. 7, pp. 1772-1779.
[14] Haron, N., Z. and Hamdioui, S. (2009). Residue-Based Code for Reliable Hybrid Memories. Proceedings of IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Nanoscale Architecture (NanoArch), pp. 27–32.
[15] Cao B., Chip-Hong C. and Thambipillai S. (2003): Adder Based Residue to Binary Converters for a New Balanced 4-Moduli Set, Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Image and Signal Processing and Analysis, vol. 2 pp. 820-825.
[16] Gbolagade K. A. (2013). An Efficient MRC based RNS-to-Binary Converter for the, {22n+1-1, 2n, 22n-1} Moduli Set, International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology, (IJARCET), vol. 2, issue 10 pp: 2661-2664.
[17] Siewobr H. and Gbolagade K. A. (2014). Modulo Operation Free Reverse Conversion in the Moduli Set {22n+1-1, 2n, 22n-1} International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 8887) Volume 85-No 18.
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  • APA Style

    Stephen Akobre, Mohammed Ibrahim Daabo, Abdul-Mumin Salifu. (2020). Rain Fade Mitigation Technique Using Residue Number System Architecture on KU Band Satellite Communication Link. Advances in Networks, 8(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.net.20200801.11

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    ACS Style

    Stephen Akobre; Mohammed Ibrahim Daabo; Abdul-Mumin Salifu. Rain Fade Mitigation Technique Using Residue Number System Architecture on KU Band Satellite Communication Link. Adv. Netw. 2020, 8(1), 1-8. doi: 10.11648/j.net.20200801.11

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    AMA Style

    Stephen Akobre, Mohammed Ibrahim Daabo, Abdul-Mumin Salifu. Rain Fade Mitigation Technique Using Residue Number System Architecture on KU Band Satellite Communication Link. Adv Netw. 2020;8(1):1-8. doi: 10.11648/j.net.20200801.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.net.20200801.11,
      author = {Stephen Akobre and Mohammed Ibrahim Daabo and Abdul-Mumin Salifu},
      title = {Rain Fade Mitigation Technique Using Residue Number System Architecture on KU Band Satellite Communication Link},
      journal = {Advances in Networks},
      volume = {8},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1-8},
      doi = {10.11648/j.net.20200801.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.net.20200801.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.net.20200801.11},
      abstract = {Rain fade is the loss of signal power at the receiver of a telecommunication system mainly due to absorption and scattering caused by rain in the transmission medium, especially at frequencies above 10 GHz. In order to combat the loss of the signal power at the receiver, there is the need to employ rain fade mitigation techniques. Consequently, researchers have been studying how rain affects the signal in different geographical locations as well as proposing some mitigation techniques. Power control is one of the mitigation techniques that have been proposed. But this technique has some associated challenges. Increasing the power will lead to an increase in cost of transmission which will eventually be passed on to the consumer thereby making satellite services expensive. It introduces a delay in compensation due to link estimation and coordination. Also, because of health concerns there is a limit to the amount of power that can be radiated to the ground and this is governed by international agreements. Another power management drawback in using this technique is that, it is essential to track the power continuously to ensure that the power values are not set too high, which can lead to the front end of the receiver being overdriven and eventually leading to a shutdown or physical damage. In this paper, we address the power control challenges, by leveraging on the inherent properties of Residue Number System (RNS) to propose an RNS architecture using the moduli set {22n+1-1, 22n -1, 22n} that can mitigate rain fade in the satellite link. In digital communication systems, the bit energy, eb, is the most important parameter in determining the communications link performance. Numerical analysis shows that the proposed scheme performs better than the traditional method as indicated in the high energy per bit value obtained in the proposed system in comparison with the traditional method.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Rain Fade Mitigation Technique Using Residue Number System Architecture on KU Band Satellite Communication Link
    AU  - Stephen Akobre
    AU  - Mohammed Ibrahim Daabo
    AU  - Abdul-Mumin Salifu
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.net.20200801.11
    T2  - Advances in Networks
    JF  - Advances in Networks
    JO  - Advances in Networks
    SP  - 1
    EP  - 8
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2326-9782
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.net.20200801.11
    AB  - Rain fade is the loss of signal power at the receiver of a telecommunication system mainly due to absorption and scattering caused by rain in the transmission medium, especially at frequencies above 10 GHz. In order to combat the loss of the signal power at the receiver, there is the need to employ rain fade mitigation techniques. Consequently, researchers have been studying how rain affects the signal in different geographical locations as well as proposing some mitigation techniques. Power control is one of the mitigation techniques that have been proposed. But this technique has some associated challenges. Increasing the power will lead to an increase in cost of transmission which will eventually be passed on to the consumer thereby making satellite services expensive. It introduces a delay in compensation due to link estimation and coordination. Also, because of health concerns there is a limit to the amount of power that can be radiated to the ground and this is governed by international agreements. Another power management drawback in using this technique is that, it is essential to track the power continuously to ensure that the power values are not set too high, which can lead to the front end of the receiver being overdriven and eventually leading to a shutdown or physical damage. In this paper, we address the power control challenges, by leveraging on the inherent properties of Residue Number System (RNS) to propose an RNS architecture using the moduli set {22n+1-1, 22n -1, 22n} that can mitigate rain fade in the satellite link. In digital communication systems, the bit energy, eb, is the most important parameter in determining the communications link performance. Numerical analysis shows that the proposed scheme performs better than the traditional method as indicated in the high energy per bit value obtained in the proposed system in comparison with the traditional method.
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Faculty of Computing and Information Sciences, C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana

  • Faculty of Computing and Information Sciences, C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana

  • Faculty of Computing and Information Sciences, C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana

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