Faecal sludge generating from fixed-place defecation system has been an increasing concern in Bangladesh. In the city, this challenge is acute due to high population density, rapid and unplanned growth, and inadequate service provisions. Energy can be recovered from faecal sludge (FS) by converting the waste into usable heat, electricity, or fuel through pyrolization. Through Pyrolyzation biochar, biofuel, biogas can be obtained. Biochar can be produced by heating FS at high temperature. The burned portion of the sludge is the biochar, condensed steam is the biofuel and the uncondensed part is the biogas. This study shows that FS has volatile matter ranged between 39 to 50%, which qualify the FS as fuel. The ash residue of FS is between 34 to 45%. The rest of this is moisture. From Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) it was observed that major thermal events (mass loss rate) were found approximately between 150°C and 400°C which was considered as the ideal temperature range for pyrolysis process. Significant amount of biochar but negligible amount of biogas and biofuel were obtained from the samples by the pyrolysis process. 93.3% biochar, 2.8% biofuel and 3.8% biogas (at 200°C); 91.4% biochar, 3.5% biofuel and 5.1% biogas (at 300°C); 84.6% biochar, 9.3% biofuel and 6.1% biogas (at 400°C) were obtained. The result of pyrolysis analysis shows significant potential for energy recovery from FS.
| Published in | Landscape Architecture and Regional Planning (Volume 5, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.larp.20200502.11 |
| Page(s) | 21-26 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Faecal Sludge, Pyrolysis, Bio-char, Bio-oil, Bio-gas, TGA
| [1] | Chan, K. Y., Van Zwieten, L., Meszaros, I., Downie, A., & Joseph, S. (2008). Agronomic values of greenwaste biochar as a soil amendment. Soil Research, 45 (8), 629-634. |
| [2] | Dodane, P. H., Mbéguéré, M., Kengne, I. M., & Strande-Gaulke, L. (2011). Planted drying beds for faecal sludge treatment: lessons learned through scaling up in Dakar, Senegal. Desalination, 1, 8. |
| [3] | Rulkens, W. (2007). Sewage sludge as a biomass resource for the production of energy: overview and assessment of the various options. Energy & Fuels, 22 (1), 9-15. |
| [4] | Bassan, M., Tchonda, T., Yiougo, L., Zoellig, H., Mahamane, I., Mbéguéré, M., & Strande, L. (2013). Characterization of faecal sludge during dry and rainy seasons in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. |
| [5] | Hawkins, P., Blackett, I., & Heymans, C. (2017). Poor-inclusive urban sanitation: An overview. |
| [6] | Gaulke, L. S. (2006, June). On-site wastewater treatment and reuses in Japan. In Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Water Management (Vol. 159, No. 2, pp. 103-109). Thomas Telford Ltd. |
| [7] | Diener, S., Semiyaga, S., Niwagaba, C. B., Muspratt, A. M., Gning, J. B., Mbéguéré, M.,...& Strande, L. (2014). A value proposition: Resource recovery from faecal sludge—Can it be the driver for improved sanitation?. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 88, 32-38. |
| [8] | Murray, A., & Ray, I. (2010). Commentary: back-end users: the unrecognized stakeholders in demand-driven sanitation. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 30 (1), 94-102. |
| [9] | Dodane, P. H., Mbéguéré, M., Sow, O., & Strande, L. (2012). Capital and operating costs of full-scale fecal sludge management and wastewater treatment systems in Dakar, Senegal. Environmental science & technology, 46 (7), 3705-3711. |
| [10] | Nguyen, H. D. (2010). Decomposition of organic wastes by black soldier fly larvae. LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. |
| [11] | Calvo, L. F., Otero, M., Jenkins, B. M., Garcıa, A. I., & Morán, A. (2004). Heating process characteristics and kinetics of sewage sludge in different atmospheres. Thermochimica Acta, 409 (2), 127-135. |
| [12] | Wang, C. C., Chang, C. W., Chu, C. P., Lee, D. J., Chang, B. V., & Liao, C. S. (2003). Hydrogen production from wastewater sludge using a Clostridium strain. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 38 (9), 1867-1875. |
| [13] | Ting, C. H., Lin, K. R., Lee, D. J., & Tay, J. H. (2004). Production of hydrogen and methane from wastewater sludge using anaerobic fermentation. Water Science and Technology, 50 (9), 223-228. |
| [14] | Cofie, O. O., Agbottah, S., Strauss, M., Esseku, H., Montangero, A., Awuah, E., & Kone, D. (2006). Solid–liquid separation of faecal sludge using drying beds in Ghana: Implications for nutrient recycling in urban agriculture. Water research, 40 (1), 75-82. |
| [15] | Vonwiller, L. (2007). Monitoring of the faecal sludge treatment plant Cambérène in Dakar. EAWAG, Dübendorf, Switzerland. |
| [16] | Koottatep, T., Surinkul, N., Polprasert, C., Kamal, A. S. M., Koné, D., Montangero, A.,...& Strauss, M. (2005). Treatment of septage in constructed wetlands in tropical climate: lessons learnt from seven years of operation. Water Science and Technology, 51 (9), 119-126. |
| [17] | Strauss, M., Larmie, S. A., Heinss, U., & Montangero, A. (2000). Treating faecalsludges in ponds. Water Science and Technology, 42 (10-11), 283-290. |
APA Style
Mehejabin Chowdhury Ankan, Md. Murad Hasan, Md. Jobaer Howlader. (2020). Assessment of Energy Recovery Potential of Faecal Sludge. Landscape Architecture and Regional Planning, 5(2), 21-26. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.larp.20200502.11
ACS Style
Mehejabin Chowdhury Ankan; Md. Murad Hasan; Md. Jobaer Howlader. Assessment of Energy Recovery Potential of Faecal Sludge. Landsc. Archit. Reg. Plan. 2020, 5(2), 21-26. doi: 10.11648/j.larp.20200502.11
AMA Style
Mehejabin Chowdhury Ankan, Md. Murad Hasan, Md. Jobaer Howlader. Assessment of Energy Recovery Potential of Faecal Sludge. Landsc Archit Reg Plan. 2020;5(2):21-26. doi: 10.11648/j.larp.20200502.11
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.larp.20200502.11,
author = {Mehejabin Chowdhury Ankan and Md. Murad Hasan and Md. Jobaer Howlader},
title = {Assessment of Energy Recovery Potential of Faecal Sludge},
journal = {Landscape Architecture and Regional Planning},
volume = {5},
number = {2},
pages = {21-26},
doi = {10.11648/j.larp.20200502.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.larp.20200502.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.larp.20200502.11},
abstract = {Faecal sludge generating from fixed-place defecation system has been an increasing concern in Bangladesh. In the city, this challenge is acute due to high population density, rapid and unplanned growth, and inadequate service provisions. Energy can be recovered from faecal sludge (FS) by converting the waste into usable heat, electricity, or fuel through pyrolization. Through Pyrolyzation biochar, biofuel, biogas can be obtained. Biochar can be produced by heating FS at high temperature. The burned portion of the sludge is the biochar, condensed steam is the biofuel and the uncondensed part is the biogas. This study shows that FS has volatile matter ranged between 39 to 50%, which qualify the FS as fuel. The ash residue of FS is between 34 to 45%. The rest of this is moisture. From Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) it was observed that major thermal events (mass loss rate) were found approximately between 150°C and 400°C which was considered as the ideal temperature range for pyrolysis process. Significant amount of biochar but negligible amount of biogas and biofuel were obtained from the samples by the pyrolysis process. 93.3% biochar, 2.8% biofuel and 3.8% biogas (at 200°C); 91.4% biochar, 3.5% biofuel and 5.1% biogas (at 300°C); 84.6% biochar, 9.3% biofuel and 6.1% biogas (at 400°C) were obtained. The result of pyrolysis analysis shows significant potential for energy recovery from FS.},
year = {2020}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of Energy Recovery Potential of Faecal Sludge AU - Mehejabin Chowdhury Ankan AU - Md. Murad Hasan AU - Md. Jobaer Howlader Y1 - 2020/05/28 PY - 2020 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.larp.20200502.11 DO - 10.11648/j.larp.20200502.11 T2 - Landscape Architecture and Regional Planning JF - Landscape Architecture and Regional Planning JO - Landscape Architecture and Regional Planning SP - 21 EP - 26 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2637-4374 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.larp.20200502.11 AB - Faecal sludge generating from fixed-place defecation system has been an increasing concern in Bangladesh. In the city, this challenge is acute due to high population density, rapid and unplanned growth, and inadequate service provisions. Energy can be recovered from faecal sludge (FS) by converting the waste into usable heat, electricity, or fuel through pyrolization. Through Pyrolyzation biochar, biofuel, biogas can be obtained. Biochar can be produced by heating FS at high temperature. The burned portion of the sludge is the biochar, condensed steam is the biofuel and the uncondensed part is the biogas. This study shows that FS has volatile matter ranged between 39 to 50%, which qualify the FS as fuel. The ash residue of FS is between 34 to 45%. The rest of this is moisture. From Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) it was observed that major thermal events (mass loss rate) were found approximately between 150°C and 400°C which was considered as the ideal temperature range for pyrolysis process. Significant amount of biochar but negligible amount of biogas and biofuel were obtained from the samples by the pyrolysis process. 93.3% biochar, 2.8% biofuel and 3.8% biogas (at 200°C); 91.4% biochar, 3.5% biofuel and 5.1% biogas (at 300°C); 84.6% biochar, 9.3% biofuel and 6.1% biogas (at 400°C) were obtained. The result of pyrolysis analysis shows significant potential for energy recovery from FS. VL - 5 IS - 2 ER -
Information
Email: