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Evaluation of Maize Variety for Ear Rot (Fusarium graminearum) in South Omo Zone of Ethiopia

Received: 18 May 2015     Accepted: 22 May 2015     Published: 28 July 2015
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Abstract

Maize is a staple food crop which plays a great role in food security in Ethiopia. It is affected by many diseases which reduces yield. Mycotoxin contamination of maize grain (Zea Mays L.) is a global threat to safety both for human food and animal feed. Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi, which may be toxic or have other debilitating effects on living organisms. The major control methods are use of relative resistant or tolerant varieties mean that varieties with tight husk coverage, harvest on the time, proper storage and good crop management. An experiment conducted on experimental field of Jinka Agricultural Research Center to evaluate 12 improved maize varieties and one local check using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The objective of the study was to select maize variety /varieties resistant/tolerant to ear rot. The variety BH660 and BH540 was highly resistant compare to the other tested varieties with the incidence of 19.00% and 14.66% and a grain yield of 3.70kg/plot and 3.79kg/plot respectively. The varieties BH543, Melkassa7 and BH661 were susceptible with the incidence of 64.00%, 50.13%, and 64.33% and their grain yields were of 3.37kg/plot,2.62kg/plot and 3.62kg/plot respectively. On the other hand BHQPY545 and local check were susceptible to ear rot but their yields were 4.05kg/plot and 3.84kg/plot respectively. This indicates that the local check and BHQPY545 were able to tolerate high disease pressure. Therefore, the variety BHQPY545 is recommended for mid land maize production areas of South Omo zone.

Published in Journal of Plant Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.jps.20150304.17
Page(s) 212-215
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Resistance, Mycotoxin, Disease Incidence Severity, Yield

References
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[8] Commission Regulation, 2007. European Commission Regulation (EC) N 1126/2007 of 28 September 2007 amending regulation (EC) N1881/2006. Setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in food stuffs as regards Fusarium toxins in maize and maize products. Official Journal of European Union 255, 14–17.
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[18] Reid L.M., R.I. Hamilton and D.E. Mather, 1996a. Screening Maize for resistance to Gibberella ear rot. Technical Bull 19965E, ResearchBranch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
[19] Simbarashe Muzemu, James Chitamba, Benny Mutetwa. Evaluation of Eucalyptus tereticornis,Tagetes minuta and Carica papaya as Stored Maize Grain Protectants against Sitophilus zeamais(Motsch.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. Vol. 2, No. 5, 2013, pp. 196-201. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20130205.13.
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  • APA Style

    Misgana Mitiku, Yesuf Eshete, Awoke Tadesse. (2015). Evaluation of Maize Variety for Ear Rot (Fusarium graminearum) in South Omo Zone of Ethiopia. Journal of Plant Sciences, 3(4), 212-215. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20150304.17

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    ACS Style

    Misgana Mitiku; Yesuf Eshete; Awoke Tadesse. Evaluation of Maize Variety for Ear Rot (Fusarium graminearum) in South Omo Zone of Ethiopia. J. Plant Sci. 2015, 3(4), 212-215. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20150304.17

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    AMA Style

    Misgana Mitiku, Yesuf Eshete, Awoke Tadesse. Evaluation of Maize Variety for Ear Rot (Fusarium graminearum) in South Omo Zone of Ethiopia. J Plant Sci. 2015;3(4):212-215. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20150304.17

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  • @article{10.11648/j.jps.20150304.17,
      author = {Misgana Mitiku and Yesuf Eshete and Awoke Tadesse},
      title = {Evaluation of Maize Variety for Ear Rot (Fusarium graminearum) in South Omo Zone of Ethiopia},
      journal = {Journal of Plant Sciences},
      volume = {3},
      number = {4},
      pages = {212-215},
      doi = {10.11648/j.jps.20150304.17},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20150304.17},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jps.20150304.17},
      abstract = {Maize is a staple food crop which plays a great role in food security in Ethiopia. It is affected by many diseases which reduces yield. Mycotoxin contamination of maize grain (Zea Mays L.) is a global threat to safety both for human food and animal feed. Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi, which may be toxic or have other debilitating effects on living organisms. The major control methods are use of relative resistant or tolerant varieties mean that varieties with tight husk coverage, harvest on the time, proper storage and good crop management. An experiment conducted on experimental field of Jinka Agricultural Research Center to evaluate 12 improved maize varieties and one local check using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The objective of the study was to select maize variety /varieties resistant/tolerant to ear rot. The variety BH660 and BH540 was highly resistant compare to the other tested varieties with the incidence of 19.00% and 14.66% and a grain yield of 3.70kg/plot and 3.79kg/plot respectively. The varieties BH543, Melkassa7 and BH661 were susceptible with the incidence of 64.00%, 50.13%, and 64.33% and their grain yields were of 3.37kg/plot,2.62kg/plot and 3.62kg/plot respectively. On the other hand BHQPY545 and local check were susceptible to ear rot but their yields were 4.05kg/plot and 3.84kg/plot respectively. This indicates that the local check and BHQPY545 were able to tolerate high disease pressure. Therefore, the variety BHQPY545 is recommended for mid land maize production areas of South Omo zone.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Evaluation of Maize Variety for Ear Rot (Fusarium graminearum) in South Omo Zone of Ethiopia
    AU  - Misgana Mitiku
    AU  - Yesuf Eshete
    AU  - Awoke Tadesse
    Y1  - 2015/07/28
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    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20150304.17
    DO  - 10.11648/j.jps.20150304.17
    T2  - Journal of Plant Sciences
    JF  - Journal of Plant Sciences
    JO  - Journal of Plant Sciences
    SP  - 212
    EP  - 215
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2331-0731
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20150304.17
    AB  - Maize is a staple food crop which plays a great role in food security in Ethiopia. It is affected by many diseases which reduces yield. Mycotoxin contamination of maize grain (Zea Mays L.) is a global threat to safety both for human food and animal feed. Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi, which may be toxic or have other debilitating effects on living organisms. The major control methods are use of relative resistant or tolerant varieties mean that varieties with tight husk coverage, harvest on the time, proper storage and good crop management. An experiment conducted on experimental field of Jinka Agricultural Research Center to evaluate 12 improved maize varieties and one local check using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The objective of the study was to select maize variety /varieties resistant/tolerant to ear rot. The variety BH660 and BH540 was highly resistant compare to the other tested varieties with the incidence of 19.00% and 14.66% and a grain yield of 3.70kg/plot and 3.79kg/plot respectively. The varieties BH543, Melkassa7 and BH661 were susceptible with the incidence of 64.00%, 50.13%, and 64.33% and their grain yields were of 3.37kg/plot,2.62kg/plot and 3.62kg/plot respectively. On the other hand BHQPY545 and local check were susceptible to ear rot but their yields were 4.05kg/plot and 3.84kg/plot respectively. This indicates that the local check and BHQPY545 were able to tolerate high disease pressure. Therefore, the variety BHQPY545 is recommended for mid land maize production areas of South Omo zone.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Jinka Agricultural Research Centre, Southern Agricultural Research Institute, Jinka, Ethiopia

  • Jinka Agricultural Research Centre, Southern Agricultural Research Institute, Jinka, Ethiopia

  • Jinka Agricultural Research Centre, Southern Agricultural Research Institute, Jinka, Ethiopia

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