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Comparative Study of the Phytochemistry and Antioxidant Activity of Anacardium occidentale (L.) Leaf and Stem Bark Extracts

Received: 31 August 2020     Accepted: 15 September 2020     Published: 23 September 2020
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Abstract

The use of plant roots and stem barks is a common practice in traditional medicine. This practice could lead to the disappearance of some plant species. Anacardium occidentale (L) is a plant whose stem bark is commonly used for the traditional management of diabetes and hypertension in Mali. In the hope of replacing this organ with the leaves, a comparative phytochemical study of the two organs was carried out. The Phytochemical screening was carried out through colouring and precipitation reactions. The Folin-Ciocalteu reagent was used to determine the content of total phenolic compounds whereas the flavonoids were determined using aluminium trichloride. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by the TAC and DPPH methods. The results obtained have shown that both organs were rich in secondary metabolites with a similar phytochemical profile. Also, it was found that regardless of the solvent used, the leaves contained the highest levels of total phenols and flavonoids. Thus, the contents of total phenols in methanolic extracts have been 211.2±21.8 mg GAE/g and 129.72±5.15 mg GAE/g for leaves and stem barks respectively. As for those of flavonoids, they have been 59.02±5.88 mg QE/g for leaves and 31.30±2.74 mg QE/g for stem barks. However, the stem barks showed the higher antioxidant activity than the leaves, which is also appreciable. In sum, other studies such as toxicological one must be conducted before replacing stem barks with leaves in the traditional management of these two pathologies.

Published in Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants (Volume 6, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.jdmp.20200603.13
Page(s) 72-76
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Anacardium occidentale, Phytochemistry, Antioxidant Activity, Leaf and Stem Bark

References
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    Issiaka Togola, Youssouf Kaya, Nouhoum Diarra, Mamadou Abdoulaye Konare, Adama Denou, et al. (2020). Comparative Study of the Phytochemistry and Antioxidant Activity of Anacardium occidentale (L.) Leaf and Stem Bark Extracts. Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants, 6(3), 72-76. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jdmp.20200603.13

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    ACS Style

    Issiaka Togola; Youssouf Kaya; Nouhoum Diarra; Mamadou Abdoulaye Konare; Adama Denou, et al. Comparative Study of the Phytochemistry and Antioxidant Activity of Anacardium occidentale (L.) Leaf and Stem Bark Extracts. J. Dis. Med. Plants 2020, 6(3), 72-76. doi: 10.11648/j.jdmp.20200603.13

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    AMA Style

    Issiaka Togola, Youssouf Kaya, Nouhoum Diarra, Mamadou Abdoulaye Konare, Adama Denou, et al. Comparative Study of the Phytochemistry and Antioxidant Activity of Anacardium occidentale (L.) Leaf and Stem Bark Extracts. J Dis Med Plants. 2020;6(3):72-76. doi: 10.11648/j.jdmp.20200603.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.jdmp.20200603.13,
      author = {Issiaka Togola and Youssouf Kaya and Nouhoum Diarra and Mamadou Abdoulaye Konare and Adama Denou and Rokia Sanogo},
      title = {Comparative Study of the Phytochemistry and Antioxidant Activity of Anacardium occidentale (L.) Leaf and Stem Bark Extracts},
      journal = {Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants},
      volume = {6},
      number = {3},
      pages = {72-76},
      doi = {10.11648/j.jdmp.20200603.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jdmp.20200603.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jdmp.20200603.13},
      abstract = {The use of plant roots and stem barks is a common practice in traditional medicine. This practice could lead to the disappearance of some plant species. Anacardium occidentale (L) is a plant whose stem bark is commonly used for the traditional management of diabetes and hypertension in Mali. In the hope of replacing this organ with the leaves, a comparative phytochemical study of the two organs was carried out. The Phytochemical screening was carried out through colouring and precipitation reactions. The Folin-Ciocalteu reagent was used to determine the content of total phenolic compounds whereas the flavonoids were determined using aluminium trichloride. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by the TAC and DPPH methods. The results obtained have shown that both organs were rich in secondary metabolites with a similar phytochemical profile. Also, it was found that regardless of the solvent used, the leaves contained the highest levels of total phenols and flavonoids. Thus, the contents of total phenols in methanolic extracts have been 211.2±21.8 mg GAE/g and 129.72±5.15 mg GAE/g for leaves and stem barks respectively. As for those of flavonoids, they have been 59.02±5.88 mg QE/g for leaves and 31.30±2.74 mg QE/g for stem barks. However, the stem barks showed the higher antioxidant activity than the leaves, which is also appreciable. In sum, other studies such as toxicological one must be conducted before replacing stem barks with leaves in the traditional management of these two pathologies.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Comparative Study of the Phytochemistry and Antioxidant Activity of Anacardium occidentale (L.) Leaf and Stem Bark Extracts
    AU  - Issiaka Togola
    AU  - Youssouf Kaya
    AU  - Nouhoum Diarra
    AU  - Mamadou Abdoulaye Konare
    AU  - Adama Denou
    AU  - Rokia Sanogo
    Y1  - 2020/09/23
    PY  - 2020
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jdmp.20200603.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.jdmp.20200603.13
    T2  - Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants
    JF  - Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants
    JO  - Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants
    SP  - 72
    EP  - 76
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2469-8210
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jdmp.20200603.13
    AB  - The use of plant roots and stem barks is a common practice in traditional medicine. This practice could lead to the disappearance of some plant species. Anacardium occidentale (L) is a plant whose stem bark is commonly used for the traditional management of diabetes and hypertension in Mali. In the hope of replacing this organ with the leaves, a comparative phytochemical study of the two organs was carried out. The Phytochemical screening was carried out through colouring and precipitation reactions. The Folin-Ciocalteu reagent was used to determine the content of total phenolic compounds whereas the flavonoids were determined using aluminium trichloride. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by the TAC and DPPH methods. The results obtained have shown that both organs were rich in secondary metabolites with a similar phytochemical profile. Also, it was found that regardless of the solvent used, the leaves contained the highest levels of total phenols and flavonoids. Thus, the contents of total phenols in methanolic extracts have been 211.2±21.8 mg GAE/g and 129.72±5.15 mg GAE/g for leaves and stem barks respectively. As for those of flavonoids, they have been 59.02±5.88 mg QE/g for leaves and 31.30±2.74 mg QE/g for stem barks. However, the stem barks showed the higher antioxidant activity than the leaves, which is also appreciable. In sum, other studies such as toxicological one must be conducted before replacing stem barks with leaves in the traditional management of these two pathologies.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FST), Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali

  • Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FST), Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali

  • Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FST), Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali

  • Department of Pharmacognosy and Traditional Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria

  • Department of Pharmacognosy and Traditional Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria

  • Department des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et de Médicine Traditionnelle, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali

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