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Prevalence of Anaemia and Associated Factors Among Children Aged 03-06 Years in Rural Haryana

Received: 30 January 2017     Accepted: 31 May 2017     Published: 12 July 2017
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Abstract

Three fourth among Indian children are reported anaemic. Diet poor in iron are effecting their overall growth and development. In this community based cross sectional study all the children aged 3-6 years attending Anganwadis in the rural Haryana state in India were studied. A Semi-structured, pilot tested questionnaire was used to collect data regarding socio-demographic profile, dietary intake, and utilization of health services. Haemoglobin estimation was done by cyanmethaemoglobin method. SPSS (version 17.0) software was used. Rates, proportion and chi square test were used to analyze the data. Sample size was 402 and response rate was 93.5%. Mean age of the participants was 4.24±0.89 years. The study reported that 271(72.07%) of the children aged between 3-6 years in the study area were anaemic. Anaemia was more prevalent among 177(83.1%) girls, 46(79.3) with Low Birth Weight, 139(85.8%) underweight children and 179(79.9%) children not taking Fruits and Vegetables at least once a day and differences were statistically significant. Prevalence of anaemia among children taking IFA supplementation and de-worming was 10(58.8). The study concludes that all most three fourth of children aged 3-6 years in the study areas were anaemic due to gap in quantity and quality of iron rich foods in their diet. It is recommended to strengthen the IFA supplementation and de-worming program for the children as well create awareness among the community for better use of locally available iron rich foods like fruits/ vegetables and haem-iron rich foods of animal origin.

Published in International Journal of Science, Technology and Society (Volume 5, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijsts.20170504.18
Page(s) 107-111
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Anaemia, Children, Haemoglobin, Nutritional Status, Socio-economic Status

References
[1] Benoist B Mc Lean E, Eglil l, Cogswell M. Worldwide prevalence of anaemia 1993-2005, Geneva, Switzerland: WHO; 2008. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/43894/1/9789241596657_eng.pdf.
[2] Kapur D, Agarwal KN, Sharma S, Kela K, Kaur I. Iron status of Children aged 9-36 months in urban slum I. C. D. S. (Integrated Chid Development Services) Project in Delhi. Indian Pediatr. 2002; 39: 136-144. Available at: http://indianpediatrics.net/feb2002/feb-136-144.htm.
[3] International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS). National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) 2015-16: India Mumbai: IIPS, 2016. Available at: http://rchiips.org/nfhs/pdf/NFHS4/HR_FactSheet.pdf .
[4] Ezzati M, Lopus AD, Dogers A, Vander HS, Murray C. Selected major risk factors and global and regional burden of disease. Lancet 2002. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12423980.
[5] Ezzati M, Lopez AD, Rodgers AA, Murray CJL. Comparative quantification of health risks: global and regional burden of disease attributable to selected major risk factors. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 2004. Available at: www.who.int/publications/cra/.../0000i-xxiv.pdf.
[6] Sant-Rayn Pasricha et al, A community based field research project Investigating anaemia amongst young children living in rural Karnataka, India: a cross sectional study, BMC Public Health. 2009; 9: 59. Available at: http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2458-9-59.
[7] Barbara J. Bain, Imelda Bates, Michael A. Laffan, Mitchell Lewis, Dacie and Lewis Practical Haematology, New Delhi: Elsevier Publication, 2012: 25-26.
[8] Kara B, Cal S, Aydogan A, Sarper N. The prevalence of anaemia in adolescents: a study from Turkey. J Paediatr Haematol Oncol. 2006; 28(5): 316-21. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16772884.
[9] Shekhar A. The iron status of adolescent girls and its effect on their physical fitness. Indian J Nutr Diet 2005; 42(10): 451-45.
[10] Arlappa et al: Prevalence of anaemia among rural pre-school children of Maharashtra, India. Indian Journal of Community Health, Vol. 24, No. 1, Jan. 2012 - March 2012. Available at: http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/viewFile/73/pdf.
[11] Joycelyne E Ewusie et al: Prevalence of anemia among under-5 children in the Ghanaian population: estimates from the Ghana demographic and health survey. BMC Public Health 2014, 14: 626 Available at: http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2458-14-626.
[12] Leite MS et al. Prevalence of anaemia and associated factors among indigenous children in Brazil: results from the First National Survey of Indigenous People’s Health and Nutrition. Nutr J. 2013; 12: 69. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-12-69Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3681561/.
[13] Taqueco T Uchimura, Sophia C Szarfarc, Maria R D de O Latorre, Nelson S Uchimura, Sonia Buongermino de Souza. Anemia and birthweight. SciELO Public Health. 2003: 37(4); 397-403. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102003000400002.
[14] Lamba R, Misra SK, Rana R. A Study on the effect of iron folic acid supplementation and de-worming among college going adolescent girls in urban Agra. Ind J Comm Health. 2014: 26 (2); 160-164 Available at: http://www.iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/555/html_52.
[15] Bhoite RM, Iyer UM. Effect of Deworming vs Iron-Folic Acid Supplementation Plus Deworming on Growth, Hemoglobin level, and Physical Work Capacity of Schoolchildren. Indian Pediatr. 2012: 49; 659-61. doi: 10.1007/s13312-012-0129-y Available at: http://www.indianpediatrics.net/aug2012/aug-659-61.html.
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    Majra Jai. Pal., Pinki, Verma Ramesh. (2017). Prevalence of Anaemia and Associated Factors Among Children Aged 03-06 Years in Rural Haryana. International Journal of Science, Technology and Society, 5(4), 107-111. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20170504.18

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    ACS Style

    Majra Jai. Pal.; Pinki; Verma Ramesh. Prevalence of Anaemia and Associated Factors Among Children Aged 03-06 Years in Rural Haryana. Int. J. Sci. Technol. Soc. 2017, 5(4), 107-111. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsts.20170504.18

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    AMA Style

    Majra Jai. Pal., Pinki, Verma Ramesh. Prevalence of Anaemia and Associated Factors Among Children Aged 03-06 Years in Rural Haryana. Int J Sci Technol Soc. 2017;5(4):107-111. doi: 10.11648/j.ijsts.20170504.18

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijsts.20170504.18,
      author = {Majra Jai. Pal. and Pinki and Verma Ramesh},
      title = {Prevalence of Anaemia and Associated Factors Among Children Aged 03-06 Years in Rural Haryana},
      journal = {International Journal of Science, Technology and Society},
      volume = {5},
      number = {4},
      pages = {107-111},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijsts.20170504.18},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20170504.18},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijsts.20170504.18},
      abstract = {Three fourth among Indian children are reported anaemic. Diet poor in iron are effecting their overall growth and development. In this community based cross sectional study all the children aged 3-6 years attending Anganwadis in the rural Haryana state in India were studied. A Semi-structured, pilot tested questionnaire was used to collect data regarding socio-demographic profile, dietary intake, and utilization of health services. Haemoglobin estimation was done by cyanmethaemoglobin method. SPSS (version 17.0) software was used. Rates, proportion and chi square test were used to analyze the data. Sample size was 402 and response rate was 93.5%. Mean age of the participants was 4.24±0.89 years. The study reported that 271(72.07%) of the children aged between 3-6 years in the study area were anaemic. Anaemia was more prevalent among 177(83.1%) girls, 46(79.3) with Low Birth Weight, 139(85.8%) underweight children and 179(79.9%) children not taking Fruits and Vegetables at least once a day and differences were statistically significant. Prevalence of anaemia among children taking IFA supplementation and de-worming was 10(58.8). The study concludes that all most three fourth of children aged 3-6 years in the study areas were anaemic due to gap in quantity and quality of iron rich foods in their diet. It is recommended to strengthen the IFA supplementation and de-worming program for the children as well create awareness among the community for better use of locally available iron rich foods like fruits/ vegetables and haem-iron rich foods of animal origin.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Prevalence of Anaemia and Associated Factors Among Children Aged 03-06 Years in Rural Haryana
    AU  - Majra Jai. Pal.
    AU  - Pinki
    AU  - Verma Ramesh
    Y1  - 2017/07/12
    PY  - 2017
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20170504.18
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijsts.20170504.18
    T2  - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society
    JF  - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society
    JO  - International Journal of Science, Technology and Society
    SP  - 107
    EP  - 111
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-7420
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsts.20170504.18
    AB  - Three fourth among Indian children are reported anaemic. Diet poor in iron are effecting their overall growth and development. In this community based cross sectional study all the children aged 3-6 years attending Anganwadis in the rural Haryana state in India were studied. A Semi-structured, pilot tested questionnaire was used to collect data regarding socio-demographic profile, dietary intake, and utilization of health services. Haemoglobin estimation was done by cyanmethaemoglobin method. SPSS (version 17.0) software was used. Rates, proportion and chi square test were used to analyze the data. Sample size was 402 and response rate was 93.5%. Mean age of the participants was 4.24±0.89 years. The study reported that 271(72.07%) of the children aged between 3-6 years in the study area were anaemic. Anaemia was more prevalent among 177(83.1%) girls, 46(79.3) with Low Birth Weight, 139(85.8%) underweight children and 179(79.9%) children not taking Fruits and Vegetables at least once a day and differences were statistically significant. Prevalence of anaemia among children taking IFA supplementation and de-worming was 10(58.8). The study concludes that all most three fourth of children aged 3-6 years in the study areas were anaemic due to gap in quantity and quality of iron rich foods in their diet. It is recommended to strengthen the IFA supplementation and de-worming program for the children as well create awareness among the community for better use of locally available iron rich foods like fruits/ vegetables and haem-iron rich foods of animal origin.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Community Medicine, BPSGMC(W), Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat, India

  • BPSGMC(W), Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat, India

  • Department of Community Medicine, BPSGMC(W), Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat, India

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