| Peer-Reviewed

Allometric Equations for Aboveground Biomass Estimation of Osyris quadripartita (African Sandalwood) in Semi-arid Woodlands, Southern Ethiopia

Received: 4 June 2021     Accepted: 15 July 2021     Published: 23 July 2021
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

African sandalwood, Osyris quadripartita Salzm. ex Decne is cosmopolitan in dry evergreen forest, rocky ridges, and forest edges, habitually with Olea europaea as well as Dodonaea angustifolia woodland in East Africa and Ethiopia. It reaches in Africa from Ethiopia to Algeria and Kenya to South Africa, starting from stunted shrubs to tall trees. Osyris quadripartita is culturally important for herbal medicine and religious activities, and also, commercially for the perfumery oil industry. Recently, the population of the species is endangered in some places, because of overexploitation for commercial values. Even though the species has many economic and ecological functions, its environmental uses like carbon storage and global climate change mitigation are less assessed. Therefore, the study aimed to develop species-specific allometric equations for Osyris quadripartita using a destructive method and to evaluate allometric models for estimating the aboveground biomass (AGB) within the semi-arid woodlands forest of Southern Ethiopia. Subsequently, all the needed biomass calculations were done, eight AGB equations were developed. Based on regression equations AGB is related with a diameter at breast height (DBH), height (H), and density (ρ) both individually and in combination. Out of eight, four allometric equations were chosen based on goodness-of-fit statistics, and the others four are rejected. The chosen models were tested for accuracy supported on observed data. The selected models have best fitted with higher R2-adj and lower residual standard error and Akaike information criterion than rejected equations. The relations for four selected models are significant (p < 0.001), which showed a strong correlation of AGB with selected dendrometric variables. Accordingly, the AGB was strongly correlated with three variables combination DBH, Height & Wood density. Individually, AGB was strongly interrelated with DBH, but not significantly interrelated with height and wood density. A specific species equations are better for determining biomass and carbon evaluation than general equations.

Published in International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management (Volume 6, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210603.13
Page(s) 116-125
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Osyris quadripartita, Species-Specific Equations, AGB, Biomass Valuation, Semi-arid Woodland

References
[1] Erbo K, Tolera M, & Awas T, 2020. Distribution, Association and Population Structure of Osyris Quadripartita (African Sandalwood) in a Dry Woodland Forest, Southern Ethiopia. Glob J Agric Health Sci 9: 101. Doi: 10.35248/2319-5584.20.9.101.
[2] Hedberg I. and Edwards S., 1989. Flora of Ethiopia, Vol. 3 Pittosporaceae to Araliaceae. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, AA and Uppsala.
[3] Herrera, C. M. 1988. The fruiting ecology of Osyris quadripartita: individual variation and evolutionary potential, Journal of Ecology, 69 (1). pp. 233-249.
[4] Gathara, M., Makenzi P., Kimondo J. and Mature G., 2014. Prediction of Osyris lanceolata (Hochst & Steud.) site suitability using indicator of plant species and edaphic factors in Kenya forests. Journal of Horticulture and Biodiversity, Vol. 6 (11), pp. 99-106.
[5] Global Plants, 2016. The Plant List with literature. Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow.
[6] Kokwaro, J. O. 2009. Medicinal Plants of East Africa 3rd edit, Kenya Literature Bureau, Nairobi.
[7] Mwang’ingo, P. L., Teklehaimanot Z., Hall J. B. & Lulandala L. L. 2003. African Sandalwood (Osyris lanceolata): resource assessment and quality variation among populations in Tanzania. South Afr. Forest. J. 199: pp. 77-88.
[8] Bekele T, Seifu A, Ayenew A. Status of Osyris quadripartita in borena and west guji zones, oromia region, Ethiopia. Biodiversity Int J. 2019; 3 (2): 79‒83. DOI: 10.15406/bij.2019.03.00131.
[9] Subasinghe, U., Gamage M. and Hettiarachchi D. S. 2013. Essential oil content and composition of Indian sandalwood (Santalum album) in Sri Lanka. J. Forestry Research, 3 (01), pp. 1-8.
[10] Gemedo, D., Brigitte L. M., and Johannes I., 2005. Plant Biodiversity and Ethnobotany of Borana Pastoralists in Southern Oromia, Ethiopia. Economic Botany, 59 (1), pp. 43-65.
[11] Ashenafi Ayenew, 2015. Current status of access genetic and benefit sharing implementation in Ethiopia reports. January 22-28, 2015, Copenhagen, pp. 1-19.
[12] Ravindranath, N. H., and M. Ostwald., 2008. Carbon Inventory Methods: Handbook for Greenhouse Gas Inventory. Carbon Mitigation and Round Wood Production Projects Springer Science. Delft: Advances in Global Change Research, Springer.
[13] Chave, J., Andalo C., Brown S., Cairns M. A. & Chambers J. Q., 2005. Tree allometry and improved estimation of carbon stocks and balance in tropical forests. Oecologia, 145 (1), pp. 87-99.
[14] Ketterings, Q. M., Coe R., Van Noordwijk M., Ambagau Y. & Palm C. A., 2001. Reducing uncertainty in the use of allometric biomass equations for predicting aboveground tree biomass in mixed secondary forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 146, pp. 199-209.
[15] Navár, J., Nájera J. & Jurado E. 2002. Biomass estimation equations in the Tamaulipan thorn scrub of north-eastern Mexico. Journal of Arid Environment, 52, pp. 167.
[16] Litton, C. M. and Kauffman, J. B. 2008. Allometric models for predicting above-ground biomass in two widespread woody plants in Hawaii. Bio-tropical, 40, pp. 313-320.
[17] CSA, 2007. Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia Result 2007. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, CTR Publications. 350 p.
[18] NMA-HMSC, 2017. National Meteorology Agency, Hawassa Meteorology Service Center, Result report, 2017.
[19] Teshome, S., Demel T. & Sebsebe D. 2004. Ecological study of vegetation in Gamo Gofa zone, South Ethiopia. Tropical Ecology, 45 (2): pp. 209-221.
[20] Assegid Assefa and Tesfaye Abebe, 2014. Ethnobotanical Study of Wild Medicinal Trees and Shrubs in Benna-Tsemay District, Southern Ethiopia. Journal of Science & Development 2: (1), 2014, pp. 17-33.
[21] Picard, N., Saint-Andre L. and Henry M. 2012. Manual for building tree volume and biomass allometric equations, from field measurement to prediction. FAO of the United Nations, Rome. Pp. 1-33.
[22] Dietz, J. and Kuyah S., 2011. Allometric equation from destructive sampling. Guidelines for establishing regression allometric equation for biomass estimation through destructive sampling. Protocol for CBP 1.3, ICRAF, pp. 1-25.
[23] Negash, M., Starr, M., Kanninen, M. & Berhe L., 2013a. Allometric equations for estimating aboveground biomass of Coffea Arabica L. grown in the Rift Valley escarpment of Ethiopia. Agroforestry System, 87; pp. 953-966.
[24] Birhanu Kebede & Teshome Soromessa, 2018. Allometric equations for aboveground biomass estimation of Olea europaea L. subsp. cuspidata in Mana Angetu Forest. Ecosystem Health and Sustainability, 4: 1, pp. 1-12.
[25] Chave, J., Réjou-Méchain, M., Búrquez, A., Chidumayo, E., Colgan, M. S., Delitti, W. B., Duque, A., Eid, T., Fearnside, P. M., Goodman, R. C. and Henry, M., 2014. Improved allometric models to estimate the aboveground biomass of tropical trees. Global change biology, 20 (10), pp. 3177-3190.
[26] Parresol BR, 1999. Assessing tree and stand biomass: a review with examples and critical comparisons. For Sci 45 (4): 573–593.
[27] Crawley MJ, 2013. The R book. Second edition. Imperial College London at Silwood Park, UK, ISBN 978-0-470-97392-9.
[28] Baskerville, G. L. 1972. Use of logarithmic regression in the estimation of plant biomass. Can. J. For. Res., 2, pp. 49-53.
[29] Sprugel, D. G. 1983. Correcting for bias in log-transformed allometric equations. Journal of Ecology, 64, 209-210.
[30] Nelson, B. W., Mesquita R., Pereira J. L., De Souza S. G. A., Batista G. T. and Couto L. B., 1999. Allometric regressions for improved estimate of secondary forest biomass in the central Amazon. Forest ecology and management, 117 (1-3), pp. 149-167.
[31] Brown, S., 1997. Estimating biomass & biomass change of tropical forests: a primer. FAO Forestry Paper. FAO, Rome.
[32] Tesfaye, M. A., Bravo-Oviedo A., Bravo F. and Ruiz-Peinado R., 2016. Aboveground biomass equations for sustainable production of fuelwood in a native dry tropical afro-montane forest of Ethiopia. Annals of forest science, 73 (2), pp. 411-423.
[33] Mate, R., Johansson T. & Sitoe A. 2014. Biomass equations for tropical forest tree species in Mozambique. Forests 5: 535-556.
[34] Henry, M., Picard N., Trotta C., R. J Manlay, R Valentini, M. Bernoux and L. SaintAndré, 2011. Estimating tree biomass of sub-Saharan African forests: a review of available allometric equations. Silva Fennica 45, pp. 477-569.
[35] Hung, D. N., Son N. V. and Hung N. P., 2012. PART B-3: Tree allometric equations in evergreen broadleaf forests in North Central coastal region, Viet Nam. UN-REDD Programme, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
[36] Befikadu Nemomsa, 2014. Allometric Equations and the Carbon Stock of Small-Scale Eucalyptus camaldulensis Plantation in Guto Gida District, Western Ethiopia, A Thesis Submitted to the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Wondo Genet College of Forestry And Natural Resources.
[37] De Castro, F., Williamson, G. B., de Jesus, R. M., 1993. Radial variation in wood specific gravity of Jounnesia princeps: the roles of age and diameter. Biotropica 25, 176–182.
[38] Basuki, T. M., Van Laake P. E., Skidmore A. K. and Hussein Y. A., 2009. Allometric equations for estimating the above-ground biomass in tropical lowland Dipterocarp forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 257 (8), pp. 1684-1694.
[39] Tietema T, 1993. Biomass determination of fuel wood trees and bushes of Botswana, Southern Africa, Forest Ecology and Management, Volume 60, Issues 3–4, Pages 257-269.
[40] Abola J. R., Arévalo J. R. and Fernández Á, 2005. Allometric relationships of different tree species and stand aboveground biomass in the Gomera laurel forest (Canary Islands). Flora 200: 3 pp. 264-274. ISSN: 0367-2530. Doi: 10.1016/j.flora.2004.11.001.
[41] Van Breugel, M., Ransijn J., Craven D., Bongers F. and Hall J. S. 2011. Estimating carbon stock in secondary forests: Decisions and uncertainties associated with allometric biomass models. Forest Ecology and Management, Vol. 2: pp. 1648-1657.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Kedir Erbo, Tesfaye Awas. (2021). Allometric Equations for Aboveground Biomass Estimation of Osyris quadripartita (African Sandalwood) in Semi-arid Woodlands, Southern Ethiopia. International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, 6(3), 116-125. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210603.13

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Kedir Erbo; Tesfaye Awas. Allometric Equations for Aboveground Biomass Estimation of Osyris quadripartita (African Sandalwood) in Semi-arid Woodlands, Southern Ethiopia. Int. J. Nat. Resour. Ecol. Manag. 2021, 6(3), 116-125. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210603.13

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Kedir Erbo, Tesfaye Awas. Allometric Equations for Aboveground Biomass Estimation of Osyris quadripartita (African Sandalwood) in Semi-arid Woodlands, Southern Ethiopia. Int J Nat Resour Ecol Manag. 2021;6(3):116-125. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210603.13

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210603.13,
      author = {Kedir Erbo and Tesfaye Awas},
      title = {Allometric Equations for Aboveground Biomass Estimation of Osyris quadripartita (African Sandalwood) in Semi-arid Woodlands, Southern Ethiopia},
      journal = {International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management},
      volume = {6},
      number = {3},
      pages = {116-125},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210603.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210603.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnrem.20210603.13},
      abstract = {African sandalwood, Osyris quadripartita Salzm. ex Decne is cosmopolitan in dry evergreen forest, rocky ridges, and forest edges, habitually with Olea europaea as well as Dodonaea angustifolia woodland in East Africa and Ethiopia. It reaches in Africa from Ethiopia to Algeria and Kenya to South Africa, starting from stunted shrubs to tall trees. Osyris quadripartita is culturally important for herbal medicine and religious activities, and also, commercially for the perfumery oil industry. Recently, the population of the species is endangered in some places, because of overexploitation for commercial values. Even though the species has many economic and ecological functions, its environmental uses like carbon storage and global climate change mitigation are less assessed. Therefore, the study aimed to develop species-specific allometric equations for Osyris quadripartita using a destructive method and to evaluate allometric models for estimating the aboveground biomass (AGB) within the semi-arid woodlands forest of Southern Ethiopia. Subsequently, all the needed biomass calculations were done, eight AGB equations were developed. Based on regression equations AGB is related with a diameter at breast height (DBH), height (H), and density (ρ) both individually and in combination. Out of eight, four allometric equations were chosen based on goodness-of-fit statistics, and the others four are rejected. The chosen models were tested for accuracy supported on observed data. The selected models have best fitted with higher R2-adj and lower residual standard error and Akaike information criterion than rejected equations. The relations for four selected models are significant (p < 0.001), which showed a strong correlation of AGB with selected dendrometric variables. Accordingly, the AGB was strongly correlated with three variables combination DBH, Height & Wood density. Individually, AGB was strongly interrelated with DBH, but not significantly interrelated with height and wood density. A specific species equations are better for determining biomass and carbon evaluation than general equations.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Allometric Equations for Aboveground Biomass Estimation of Osyris quadripartita (African Sandalwood) in Semi-arid Woodlands, Southern Ethiopia
    AU  - Kedir Erbo
    AU  - Tesfaye Awas
    Y1  - 2021/07/23
    PY  - 2021
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210603.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210603.13
    T2  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
    JF  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
    JO  - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management
    SP  - 116
    EP  - 125
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-3061
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20210603.13
    AB  - African sandalwood, Osyris quadripartita Salzm. ex Decne is cosmopolitan in dry evergreen forest, rocky ridges, and forest edges, habitually with Olea europaea as well as Dodonaea angustifolia woodland in East Africa and Ethiopia. It reaches in Africa from Ethiopia to Algeria and Kenya to South Africa, starting from stunted shrubs to tall trees. Osyris quadripartita is culturally important for herbal medicine and religious activities, and also, commercially for the perfumery oil industry. Recently, the population of the species is endangered in some places, because of overexploitation for commercial values. Even though the species has many economic and ecological functions, its environmental uses like carbon storage and global climate change mitigation are less assessed. Therefore, the study aimed to develop species-specific allometric equations for Osyris quadripartita using a destructive method and to evaluate allometric models for estimating the aboveground biomass (AGB) within the semi-arid woodlands forest of Southern Ethiopia. Subsequently, all the needed biomass calculations were done, eight AGB equations were developed. Based on regression equations AGB is related with a diameter at breast height (DBH), height (H), and density (ρ) both individually and in combination. Out of eight, four allometric equations were chosen based on goodness-of-fit statistics, and the others four are rejected. The chosen models were tested for accuracy supported on observed data. The selected models have best fitted with higher R2-adj and lower residual standard error and Akaike information criterion than rejected equations. The relations for four selected models are significant (p < 0.001), which showed a strong correlation of AGB with selected dendrometric variables. Accordingly, the AGB was strongly correlated with three variables combination DBH, Height & Wood density. Individually, AGB was strongly interrelated with DBH, but not significantly interrelated with height and wood density. A specific species equations are better for determining biomass and carbon evaluation than general equations.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Forest & Range Land Plants Diversity Directorate, Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

  • Forest & Range Land Plants Diversity Directorate, Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

  • Sections