Research Article
Impact of Climate Change Vulnerability on Forest cover in White Nile State, Sudan (A Case Study of Tendelti and Guli Localities)
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 2, June 2026
Pages:
82-95
Received:
26 January 2026
Accepted:
14 February 2026
Published:
28 April 2026
Abstract: This study was carried out during 2019 in Guli and Tendelti localities. Four methods for data collection were used (1) Vulnerability assessment by using the satellite images (2) Key informant interview (KII), (3) Focus group Discussion (FGD) and (4) direct field observations. According to MODIST and LAND SAT-8 data about 51% of Guli locality was classified as slightly vulnerable to climate change, 3% as moderate vulnerable and 46% as non- vulnerable. In Tendelti locality about 45% from the locality area was classified as slight vulnerable 1% as moderate vulnerable and 53% are slightly vulnerable. The forest cover in Guli locality was estimated at 12,289 ha in 2000. By year 2018 forest area was decreased to 8,349 ha (68%) of forest areas was converted to grassland (31%) was converted to agricultural land. According to the FNC reports, they are about 38 forests in Guli locality and there are some community. The forest status in the area was deteriorated. The main tree species in the targeted villages are Seyal (Acacia tortilis), Sunt (Acacia nilotica), loat (Acacia nubica), Talh (Acacia seyal) and Sider (Ziziphus spina-christia), Heglieg (Balanites aegyptiaca) and Merikh (Boscia senegalensis). For Tendelti locality the Landsat images for the periods 2000 and 2018 showed that the initial forest area was estimated at 116,808 ha in 2000 reducedto109,953 ha (94%) by the year 2018 as follows; 81,724 (70%) to grass land and 26,164 ha (22%) to agricultural land. The clearance of forest occurred in the southern part of the locality. The factors that lead to the forest deterioration in the targeted villages are low and erratic rainfall, drought and desertification, over cutting, over grazing, traditional Rainfed farming. The study recommended many intervention to improve the forest cover which include; enforcement of forestry laws, provision of improved stove and LPG, introduction of agro forestry systems, establishment of community forestry, provision of tree seedlings, renewable energy technologies; and biogas for domestic energy and lightning, rehabilitation of degraded range land by seeds broadcasting of palatable perennials species, opening of animal routes and fire lines and, provide new water points and redistribution of the old one.
Abstract: This study was carried out during 2019 in Guli and Tendelti localities. Four methods for data collection were used (1) Vulnerability assessment by using the satellite images (2) Key informant interview (KII), (3) Focus group Discussion (FGD) and (4) direct field observations. According to MODIST and LAND SAT-8 data about 51% of Guli locality was cl...
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Research Article
Institutional Factors and Forest Degradation in Most Fragile States: A Review with Particular Emphasis on Somalia
Bashir Ahmed Abshir*
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 2, June 2026
Pages:
96-103
Received:
20 April 2026
Accepted:
28 April 2026
Published:
13 May 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijnrem.20261102.12
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Abstract: Forest degradation led by human activities has diminished the capacity of the forest to deliver goods and services, making it less productive and resilient. Hence, the purpose of this study was to examine the influence of institutional factors on forest degradation in the most fragile states, with a particular emphasis on Somalia. Specifically, the paper examined the influence of land tenure insecurity, lack of environmental policy and law enforcement, and weak governance on forest degradation in Somalia. The methodology used for this paper was a systematic literature review, where information on forest degradation and factors contributing to the forest degradation in North America, South America, South Asia, and Africa was utilized through journals and institutional publications. Based on the literature reviewed, the forest sector in Somalia has severely degraded, and the sector is rapidly depleting. The findings indicated that weak governance, land tenure insecurity, and lack of environmental policy and law enforcement are the major factors causing forest degradation in Somalia. The study also revealed that the forest degradation resulting from these institutional factors has contributed to biodiversity loss, climate change, and decline in agricultural production. To address these issues, this review study recommends that the federal government of Somalia should strengthen environmental governance bodies such as the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change and the Ministry of Livestock, Forestry, and Range by building the capacity of staff, increasing funding for these institutions, and enhancing coordination among these agencies. Additionally, the government should establish national land policy, protected areas, national systems for the management and conservation of the protected areas, environmental and forest laws, and environmental law enforcement agencies to control overexploitation and illegal logging activities and reduce pressure on the country’s forests and wildlife.
Abstract: Forest degradation led by human activities has diminished the capacity of the forest to deliver goods and services, making it less productive and resilient. Hence, the purpose of this study was to examine the influence of institutional factors on forest degradation in the most fragile states, with a particular emphasis on Somalia. Specifically, the...
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