Pulmonary Metastasis of Ewing's Sarcoma in Pediatric Age: Literature Review and Case Report

Caridad Verdecia Canizares; Luis Alexis Graveran Sanchez; Niurka Diaz Zayas; Damian Pineda Fernandez

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijmcr.20220103.13

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Pulmonary Metastasis of Ewing's Sarcoma in Pediatric Age: Literature Review and Case Report

Caridad Verdecia Canizares, Luis Alexis Graveran Sanchez, Niurka Diaz Zayas, Damian Pineda Fernandez

Published in International Journal of Medical Case Reports (Volume 1, Issue 3)

Received: 15 June 2022 Accepted: 4 July 2022 Published: 20 July 2022

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Abstract

Ewings sarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal tumor, extremely rare in patients under 10 years of age, being more frequent from the second decade of life. Its annual incidence is low, 1 to 3 cases per year per million children under 15 years of age. The most affected bone sites are: metaphysis of the long bones, Followed frequently by the pelvic bones from 20 to 25%, tumors that affect the axial skeleton have a worse prognosis and affect individuals close to adulthood. The symptoms are common to other bone tumors: intermittent pain and inflammation located in the affected area, and metastases via the hematogenous route to the lung. It appears in patients in the stage of life of greater exercise and changes in the body typical of adolescence. Treatment is based on extensive surgery of the lesion with free section margins whenever the site or location of the tumor allows it, chemotherapy with high-dose drug association, and radiotherapy. More than 90% of these tumors are characterized by a reciprocal translocation of chromosomes 11 and 22, resulting in a novel EWS-FLI1 fusion protein. Because these tumors show only neuroectodermal markers of differentiation, it has been suggested that they arise from neural crest cellsf. Our goal is to present a case of a patient of only two years of age with stage IV disease at the time of diagnosis, highlighting the value of multidisciplinary teamwork where imaging studies and pathology immunohistochemical techniques play a fundamental role in the diagnosis of the entity.

Published in	International Journal of Medical Case Reports (Volume 1, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijmcr.20220103.13
Page(s)	21-24
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Bone Ewing Sarcoma, Lung Metastasis, Pediatrics

References

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[2]	Ortiz-Escobar A, Monsalvo-Zuleta H, Martínez-Rangel D, Torrenegra–Villalobos J, Bernal-Torres L, et al. Ewing's sarcoma in a public children's hospital in Cartagena: case series, 2010-2012. Scientific Spike 2014; 11: 87-92.
[3]	Izaguirre G A, Mejía K I, Castro CA, Cárcamo SH, Toledo-M L, Cruz BC. Ewing's Sarcoma with Pulmonary Metastasis in a Pediatric Patient: Case Report. Archives of Medicine MedPub Journals 2016; 12 (2): 5 http://imedpub.com doi: 10.3823/1290.
[4]	Jiménez SD, Soto FJ, Garro OM, Vega UG. Ewing's sarcoma. Rev ClE Med 2014; UCR4: 9-12.
[5]	Cruz S, Azevedo P, Triguieros N, Rodríguez M. Ewing's sarcoma: a rarity in the sinus region. Otorrinolaringol Act 2015; Esp 66: 171-174.
[6]	Hernandez EH, Mosquera CG, Quintero MO, Hernandez CI. Ewing's sarcoma. Magazine Medical Archive of Camagüey 2013; 17: 623-640.
[7]	Albergo JI, Gaston CL, Laitinen M, et al. Ewing's sarcoma: only patients with 100% of necrosis after chemotherapy should be classified as having a good response. Bone Joint J 2016; 98-B: 1138-44.
[8]	Argentine Hospital Oncopediatric Registry. In: http://www.msal.gov.ar/inc/epidemiologia-y-registros/roha/;accessed September 2018.
[9]	Sanchez-saba J, Abrego MO, Albergo JI, Farfalli GI, Aponte-Tinao LA, Ayerza MA, et al. Sarcoma de Ewing óseo. Enfoque multidisciplinario y resultados oncológicos en 88 pacientes. Medicina 2020; 80 (1).
[10]	Gaspar N, Hawkins DS, Dirksen U. Ewing sarcoma: current management and future approaches through collaboration. J Clin Oncol 2015; 33: 3036-40.
[11]	Werier J, Yao X, Caudrelier J M. A systematic review of optimal treatment strategies for localized Ewing’s sarcoma of bone after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. Surg Oncol 2016; 25: 16-23.
[12]	Bosma SE, Ayu O, Fiocco M, Gelderblom H, Dijkstra PDS. Prognostic factors for survival in Ewing sarcoma: A systematic review. Surg Oncol 2018; 27: 603-10.
[13]	Miller BJ, Gao Y, Duchman KR. Does surgery or radiation provide the best overall survival in Ewing’s sarcoma? A review of the National Cancer Data Base. J Surg Oncol 2017; 116: 384-90.
[14]	Verma V, Denniston KA, Lin CJ, Lin C. A Comparison of Pediatric vs. Adult Patients with the Ewing Sarcoma Family of Tumors. Front Oncol 2017; 7: 82.
[15]	Albergo JI, Gaston CLL, Parry MC, Laitinen MK, Jeys L M, Abudu A T, et al. Risk analysis factors for local recurrence in Ewing’s sarcoma: when should adjuvant radiotherapy be administered? Bone Joint J 2018; 100-B: 247-55.
[16]	Foulon S, Brennan B, Gaspar N, Dirksen U, Jeys L, Cassoni A, et al. Can postoperative radiotherapy be omitted in localised standard-risk Ewing sarcoma? An observational study of the Euro-E.W.I.N.G group. Eur J Cancer 2016; 61: 128-36.
[17]	Werier J, Yao X, Caudrelier J-M. Evidence-based guideline recommendations on treatment strategies for localized Ewing’s sarcoma of bone following neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. Surg Oncol 2016; 25: (2): 92-7. doi: 10.1016/j.suronc.2016.03.006. Epub 2016 Mar 25.

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Caridad Verdecia Canizares, Luis Alexis Graveran Sanchez, Niurka Diaz Zayas, Damian Pineda Fernandez. (2022). Pulmonary Metastasis of Ewing's Sarcoma in Pediatric Age: Literature Review and Case Report. International Journal of Medical Case Reports, 1(3), 21-24. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmcr.20220103.13

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ACS Style

Caridad Verdecia Canizares; Luis Alexis Graveran Sanchez; Niurka Diaz Zayas; Damian Pineda Fernandez. Pulmonary Metastasis of Ewing's Sarcoma in Pediatric Age: Literature Review and Case Report. Int. J. Med. Case Rep. 2022, 1(3), 21-24. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmcr.20220103.13

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AMA Style

Caridad Verdecia Canizares, Luis Alexis Graveran Sanchez, Niurka Diaz Zayas, Damian Pineda Fernandez. Pulmonary Metastasis of Ewing's Sarcoma in Pediatric Age: Literature Review and Case Report. Int J Med Case Rep. 2022;1(3):21-24. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmcr.20220103.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijmcr.20220103.13,
  author = {Caridad Verdecia Canizares and Luis Alexis Graveran Sanchez and Niurka Diaz Zayas and Damian Pineda Fernandez},
  title = {Pulmonary Metastasis of Ewing's Sarcoma in Pediatric Age: Literature Review and Case Report},
  journal = {International Journal of Medical Case Reports},
  volume = {1},
  number = {3},
  pages = {21-24},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmcr.20220103.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmcr.20220103.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmcr.20220103.13},
  abstract = {Ewings sarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal tumor, extremely rare in patients under 10 years of age, being more frequent from the second decade of life. Its annual incidence is low, 1 to 3 cases per year per million children under 15 years of age. The most affected bone sites are: metaphysis of the long bones, Followed frequently by the pelvic bones from 20 to 25%, tumors that affect the axial skeleton have a worse prognosis and affect individuals close to adulthood. The symptoms are common to other bone tumors: intermittent pain and inflammation located in the affected area, and metastases via the hematogenous route to the lung. It appears in patients in the stage of life of greater exercise and changes in the body typical of adolescence. Treatment is based on extensive surgery of the lesion with free section margins whenever the site or location of the tumor allows it, chemotherapy with high-dose drug association, and radiotherapy. More than 90% of these tumors are characterized by a reciprocal translocation of chromosomes 11 and 22, resulting in a novel EWS-FLI1 fusion protein. Because these tumors show only neuroectodermal markers of differentiation, it has been suggested that they arise from neural crest cellsf. Our goal is to present a case of a patient of only two years of age with stage IV disease at the time of diagnosis, highlighting the value of multidisciplinary teamwork where imaging studies and pathology immunohistochemical techniques play a fundamental role in the diagnosis of the entity.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Pulmonary Metastasis of Ewing's Sarcoma in Pediatric Age: Literature Review and Case Report
AU  - Caridad Verdecia Canizares
AU  - Luis Alexis Graveran Sanchez
AU  - Niurka Diaz Zayas
AU  - Damian Pineda Fernandez
Y1  - 2022/07/20
PY  - 2022
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DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmcr.20220103.13
T2  - International Journal of Medical Case Reports
JF  - International Journal of Medical Case Reports
JO  - International Journal of Medical Case Reports
SP  - 21
EP  - 24
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7049
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmcr.20220103.13
AB  - Ewings sarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal tumor, extremely rare in patients under 10 years of age, being more frequent from the second decade of life. Its annual incidence is low, 1 to 3 cases per year per million children under 15 years of age. The most affected bone sites are: metaphysis of the long bones, Followed frequently by the pelvic bones from 20 to 25%, tumors that affect the axial skeleton have a worse prognosis and affect individuals close to adulthood. The symptoms are common to other bone tumors: intermittent pain and inflammation located in the affected area, and metastases via the hematogenous route to the lung. It appears in patients in the stage of life of greater exercise and changes in the body typical of adolescence. Treatment is based on extensive surgery of the lesion with free section margins whenever the site or location of the tumor allows it, chemotherapy with high-dose drug association, and radiotherapy. More than 90% of these tumors are characterized by a reciprocal translocation of chromosomes 11 and 22, resulting in a novel EWS-FLI1 fusion protein. Because these tumors show only neuroectodermal markers of differentiation, it has been suggested that they arise from neural crest cellsf. Our goal is to present a case of a patient of only two years of age with stage IV disease at the time of diagnosis, highlighting the value of multidisciplinary teamwork where imaging studies and pathology immunohistochemical techniques play a fundamental role in the diagnosis of the entity.
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Caridad Verdecia Canizares

Oncology Department, University Pediatric Hospital, William Soler Ledea, Havana, Cuba
Luis Alexis Graveran Sanchez

Surgical Department, University Pediatric Hospital, William Soler Ledea, Havana, Cuba
Niurka Diaz Zayas

Radiology Department, University Pediatric Hospital, William Soler Ledea, Havana, Cuba
Damian Pineda Fernandez

Anatomical Department, University Pediatric Hospital, William Soler Ledea, Havana, Cuba

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APA Style

Caridad Verdecia Canizares, Luis Alexis Graveran Sanchez, Niurka Diaz Zayas, Damian Pineda Fernandez. (2022). Pulmonary Metastasis of Ewing's Sarcoma in Pediatric Age: Literature Review and Case Report. International Journal of Medical Case Reports, 1(3), 21-24. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmcr.20220103.13

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ACS Style

Caridad Verdecia Canizares; Luis Alexis Graveran Sanchez; Niurka Diaz Zayas; Damian Pineda Fernandez. Pulmonary Metastasis of Ewing's Sarcoma in Pediatric Age: Literature Review and Case Report. Int. J. Med. Case Rep. 2022, 1(3), 21-24. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmcr.20220103.13

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AMA Style

Caridad Verdecia Canizares, Luis Alexis Graveran Sanchez, Niurka Diaz Zayas, Damian Pineda Fernandez. Pulmonary Metastasis of Ewing's Sarcoma in Pediatric Age: Literature Review and Case Report. Int J Med Case Rep. 2022;1(3):21-24. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmcr.20220103.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijmcr.20220103.13,
  author = {Caridad Verdecia Canizares and Luis Alexis Graveran Sanchez and Niurka Diaz Zayas and Damian Pineda Fernandez},
  title = {Pulmonary Metastasis of Ewing's Sarcoma in Pediatric Age: Literature Review and Case Report},
  journal = {International Journal of Medical Case Reports},
  volume = {1},
  number = {3},
  pages = {21-24},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmcr.20220103.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmcr.20220103.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmcr.20220103.13},
  abstract = {Ewings sarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal tumor, extremely rare in patients under 10 years of age, being more frequent from the second decade of life. Its annual incidence is low, 1 to 3 cases per year per million children under 15 years of age. The most affected bone sites are: metaphysis of the long bones, Followed frequently by the pelvic bones from 20 to 25%, tumors that affect the axial skeleton have a worse prognosis and affect individuals close to adulthood. The symptoms are common to other bone tumors: intermittent pain and inflammation located in the affected area, and metastases via the hematogenous route to the lung. It appears in patients in the stage of life of greater exercise and changes in the body typical of adolescence. Treatment is based on extensive surgery of the lesion with free section margins whenever the site or location of the tumor allows it, chemotherapy with high-dose drug association, and radiotherapy. More than 90% of these tumors are characterized by a reciprocal translocation of chromosomes 11 and 22, resulting in a novel EWS-FLI1 fusion protein. Because these tumors show only neuroectodermal markers of differentiation, it has been suggested that they arise from neural crest cellsf. Our goal is to present a case of a patient of only two years of age with stage IV disease at the time of diagnosis, highlighting the value of multidisciplinary teamwork where imaging studies and pathology immunohistochemical techniques play a fundamental role in the diagnosis of the entity.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Pulmonary Metastasis of Ewing's Sarcoma in Pediatric Age: Literature Review and Case Report
AU  - Caridad Verdecia Canizares
AU  - Luis Alexis Graveran Sanchez
AU  - Niurka Diaz Zayas
AU  - Damian Pineda Fernandez
Y1  - 2022/07/20
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmcr.20220103.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmcr.20220103.13
T2  - International Journal of Medical Case Reports
JF  - International Journal of Medical Case Reports
JO  - International Journal of Medical Case Reports
SP  - 21
EP  - 24
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7049
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmcr.20220103.13
AB  - Ewings sarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal tumor, extremely rare in patients under 10 years of age, being more frequent from the second decade of life. Its annual incidence is low, 1 to 3 cases per year per million children under 15 years of age. The most affected bone sites are: metaphysis of the long bones, Followed frequently by the pelvic bones from 20 to 25%, tumors that affect the axial skeleton have a worse prognosis and affect individuals close to adulthood. The symptoms are common to other bone tumors: intermittent pain and inflammation located in the affected area, and metastases via the hematogenous route to the lung. It appears in patients in the stage of life of greater exercise and changes in the body typical of adolescence. Treatment is based on extensive surgery of the lesion with free section margins whenever the site or location of the tumor allows it, chemotherapy with high-dose drug association, and radiotherapy. More than 90% of these tumors are characterized by a reciprocal translocation of chromosomes 11 and 22, resulting in a novel EWS-FLI1 fusion protein. Because these tumors show only neuroectodermal markers of differentiation, it has been suggested that they arise from neural crest cellsf. Our goal is to present a case of a patient of only two years of age with stage IV disease at the time of diagnosis, highlighting the value of multidisciplinary teamwork where imaging studies and pathology immunohistochemical techniques play a fundamental role in the diagnosis of the entity.
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
ER  -

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