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Detection of Bacteria Contaminating Milk and Milk Products in Tanzania by Conventional and Rapid Methods

Received: 4 October 2023     Accepted: 2 November 2023     Published: 17 November 2023
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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the performance of rapid methods for identifying contaminating bacteria in milk and milk products in Tanzania. A total of 60 milk and milk product samples were collected along the dairy value chain in Morogoro Municipality. The samples included raw and boiled milk, local fermented milk, and industrial processed milk products. Laboratory analyses were conducted using the conventional tests (culture and confirmatory tests) as well as rapid methods (3M petrifilm plate and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Total bacteria count and identification of Escherichia coli as well as Staphylococcus aureus were performed. Results had indicated that there is positive correlation (R=1) between the 3M petrifilm and conventional methods. On the other hand, the correlation between PCR and the conventional method was poor (R=-0.078 and -0.15 for E. coli and S. aureus identification respectively). Furthermore, the PCR identified more positive samples (8 for E. coli and 12 for S. aureus) compared to the conventional method (2 for E. coli and 5 for S. aureus). No significant difference (p˂0.05) was observed between 3M petrifilm and the conventional methods in tested boiled milk, local fermented milk, and industrial processed milk products; however, significant differences (p˃0.05) were observed in raw milk by both methods. Based on these results and the time to obtain them, it is confirmed that rapid methods performed better than the conventional methods for determining contamination and identifying bacteria in milk and milk products and are hence recommended for routine laboratory analysis in Tanzania.

Published in International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology (Volume 8, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13
Page(s) 87-93
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Dairy Value Chain, 3M Petrifilms, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus

References
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Mfilinge, I., Mwega, E., Chove, L., Msalya, G. (2023). Detection of Bacteria Contaminating Milk and Milk Products in Tanzania by Conventional and Rapid Methods. International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 8(4), 87-93. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13

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    ACS Style

    Mfilinge, I.; Mwega, E.; Chove, L.; Msalya, G. Detection of Bacteria Contaminating Milk and Milk Products in Tanzania by Conventional and Rapid Methods. Int. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2023, 8(4), 87-93. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13

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    AMA Style

    Mfilinge I, Mwega E, Chove L, Msalya G. Detection of Bacteria Contaminating Milk and Milk Products in Tanzania by Conventional and Rapid Methods. Int J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2023;8(4):87-93. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13,
      author = {Irene Mfilinge and Elisa Mwega and Lucy Chove and George Msalya},
      title = {Detection of Bacteria Contaminating Milk and Milk Products in Tanzania by Conventional and Rapid Methods},
      journal = {International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology},
      volume = {8},
      number = {4},
      pages = {87-93},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmb.20230804.13},
      abstract = {The aim of the present study was to evaluate the performance of rapid methods for identifying contaminating bacteria in milk and milk products in Tanzania. A total of 60 milk and milk product samples were collected along the dairy value chain in Morogoro Municipality. The samples included raw and boiled milk, local fermented milk, and industrial processed milk products. Laboratory analyses were conducted using the conventional tests (culture and confirmatory tests) as well as rapid methods (3M petrifilm plate and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Total bacteria count and identification of Escherichia coli as well as Staphylococcus aureus were performed. Results had indicated that there is positive correlation (R=1) between the 3M petrifilm and conventional methods. On the other hand, the correlation between PCR and the conventional method was poor (R=-0.078 and -0.15 for E. coli and S. aureus identification respectively). Furthermore, the PCR identified more positive samples (8 for E. coli and 12 for S. aureus) compared to the conventional method (2 for E. coli and 5 for S. aureus). No significant difference (p˂0.05) was observed between 3M petrifilm and the conventional methods in tested boiled milk, local fermented milk, and industrial processed milk products; however, significant differences (p˃0.05) were observed in raw milk by both methods. Based on these results and the time to obtain them, it is confirmed that rapid methods performed better than the conventional methods for determining contamination and identifying bacteria in milk and milk products and are hence recommended for routine laboratory analysis in Tanzania.
    },
     year = {2023}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Detection of Bacteria Contaminating Milk and Milk Products in Tanzania by Conventional and Rapid Methods
    AU  - Irene Mfilinge
    AU  - Elisa Mwega
    AU  - Lucy Chove
    AU  - George Msalya
    Y1  - 2023/11/17
    PY  - 2023
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13
    T2  - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
    JF  - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
    JO  - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
    SP  - 87
    EP  - 93
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2578-9686
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20230804.13
    AB  - The aim of the present study was to evaluate the performance of rapid methods for identifying contaminating bacteria in milk and milk products in Tanzania. A total of 60 milk and milk product samples were collected along the dairy value chain in Morogoro Municipality. The samples included raw and boiled milk, local fermented milk, and industrial processed milk products. Laboratory analyses were conducted using the conventional tests (culture and confirmatory tests) as well as rapid methods (3M petrifilm plate and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Total bacteria count and identification of Escherichia coli as well as Staphylococcus aureus were performed. Results had indicated that there is positive correlation (R=1) between the 3M petrifilm and conventional methods. On the other hand, the correlation between PCR and the conventional method was poor (R=-0.078 and -0.15 for E. coli and S. aureus identification respectively). Furthermore, the PCR identified more positive samples (8 for E. coli and 12 for S. aureus) compared to the conventional method (2 for E. coli and 5 for S. aureus). No significant difference (p˂0.05) was observed between 3M petrifilm and the conventional methods in tested boiled milk, local fermented milk, and industrial processed milk products; however, significant differences (p˃0.05) were observed in raw milk by both methods. Based on these results and the time to obtain them, it is confirmed that rapid methods performed better than the conventional methods for determining contamination and identifying bacteria in milk and milk products and are hence recommended for routine laboratory analysis in Tanzania.
    
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Animal, Aquaculture and Range Sciences (DAARS), Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Morogoro, Tanzania

  • Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Parasitology and Biotechnology, Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Morogoro, Tanzania

  • Department of Food Science and Agro-Processing Engineering, Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Morogoro, Tanzania

  • Department of Animal, Aquaculture and Range Sciences (DAARS), Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Morogoro, Tanzania; Tanzania Dairy Board (TDB), Dodoma, Tanzania

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