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Reference Effect of Preschool Teachers’ Salary and Its Influence on Preschools’ Service Quality: An Empirical Study in China

Received: 7 November 2021     Accepted: 24 November 2021     Published: 21 January 2022
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Abstract

Research from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has found strong links between the pay and conditions of preschool teachers and the quality of preschool service provided. In order to improve the quality of private preschool, China puts forward “Several Opinions on Deepening the Reform and Standardized Development of Preschool Education” at the end of 2018, which mentioned that private preschool teachers' salaries should refer to public preschool teachers. This involves the influence of different types of preschool teachers, and the impact of their salaries on the quality of preschools. Although teacher's salary is an important research topic in the world, the reference of teachers’ salary between different types of preschools and its influence on preschools’ service quality have not been studied in previous literature. In order to solve this question, this study draws the following three conclusions based on a survey in two districts from China with different numbers of public and private preschools: (1) The teachers’ salary of public preschools does have a referential effect on the teachers’ salary of private preschools; (2) It works only when the supply of public preschools in a region is relatively inadequate, the teachers’ salary of public preschools will play a reference role on the teachers’ salary of private preschools; (3) Compared to regions with reference salaries, regions without reference salaries are more conducive to the improvement of preschool service quality. While the education system differ, the problem discussed in this research reflects a challenge faced by many countries.

Published in International Journal of Elementary Education (Volume 11, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijeedu.20221101.11
Page(s) 1-10
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Preschool Teachers, Teachers’ Salary, Service Quality, Policy

References
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[3] "Opinon". (2018). Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council. Several opinions on the development of pre-school education to deepen reform and standardizatio Retrieved from http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2018-11/15/content_5340776.htm
[4] Zeng, & Liu. (2018). From Unit Welfare to Diversified Supply——The Development and Reform of Preschool Education in the 40 Years of Reform and Opening up. Educational Economic Review, 3 (06), 62-72.
[5] Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (OECD). (2012). Starting Strong 111: a quality took box for early childhood education. Geneva: OECD Publishing. https://www.dji.de/fileadmin/user_upload/icec/Starting%20Strong%20III_englisch.pdf
[6] Torquati, J. C., Raikes, H., & Huddleston-Casas, C. A. (2007). Teacher education, motivation, compensation, workplace support, and links to quality of center-based child care and teachers’ intention to stay in the early childhood profession (Book review). In (Vol. 22, pp. 261-275).
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[9] Liu, Y. (2018). International comparative study on kindergarten teachers'salary status and policies: data analysis based on OECD and other databases. Foreign primary and secondary education (12), 68-76.
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[13] Cassidy, D. J., Lower, J. K., Kintner-Duffy, V. L., Hegde, A. V., & Shim, J. (2011). The Day-to-Day Reality of Teacher Turnover in Preschool Classrooms: An Analysis of Classroom Context and Teacher, Director, and Parent Perspectives. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 25 (1), 1-23. doi: 10.1080/02568543.2011.533118.
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[15] Wu, H. (2019). Developing Private Education Needs New Concept Foundation. Fudan Education Forum, 17 (02), 5-8.
[16] Sosinsky, L. S., Lord, H., & Zigler, E. (2007). For-profit/nonprofit differences in center-based child care quality: Results from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 28 (5-6), 390-410. doi: 10.1016/j.appdev.2007.06.003.
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  • APA Style

    Tianzi Liu, Lihua Yang, Josephine Ng, Berenice Nyland. (2022). Reference Effect of Preschool Teachers’ Salary and Its Influence on Preschools’ Service Quality: An Empirical Study in China. International Journal of Elementary Education, 11(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeedu.20221101.11

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    ACS Style

    Tianzi Liu; Lihua Yang; Josephine Ng; Berenice Nyland. Reference Effect of Preschool Teachers’ Salary and Its Influence on Preschools’ Service Quality: An Empirical Study in China. Int. J. Elem. Educ. 2022, 11(1), 1-10. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeedu.20221101.11

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    AMA Style

    Tianzi Liu, Lihua Yang, Josephine Ng, Berenice Nyland. Reference Effect of Preschool Teachers’ Salary and Its Influence on Preschools’ Service Quality: An Empirical Study in China. Int J Elem Educ. 2022;11(1):1-10. doi: 10.11648/j.ijeedu.20221101.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijeedu.20221101.11,
      author = {Tianzi Liu and Lihua Yang and Josephine Ng and Berenice Nyland},
      title = {Reference Effect of Preschool Teachers’ Salary and Its Influence on Preschools’ Service Quality: An Empirical Study in China},
      journal = {International Journal of Elementary Education},
      volume = {11},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1-10},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijeedu.20221101.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijeedu.20221101.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijeedu.20221101.11},
      abstract = {Research from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has found strong links between the pay and conditions of preschool teachers and the quality of preschool service provided. In order to improve the quality of private preschool, China puts forward “Several Opinions on Deepening the Reform and Standardized Development of Preschool Education” at the end of 2018, which mentioned that private preschool teachers' salaries should refer to public preschool teachers. This involves the influence of different types of preschool teachers, and the impact of their salaries on the quality of preschools. Although teacher's salary is an important research topic in the world, the reference of teachers’ salary between different types of preschools and its influence on preschools’ service quality have not been studied in previous literature. In order to solve this question, this study draws the following three conclusions based on a survey in two districts from China with different numbers of public and private preschools: (1) The teachers’ salary of public preschools does have a referential effect on the teachers’ salary of private preschools; (2) It works only when the supply of public preschools in a region is relatively inadequate, the teachers’ salary of public preschools will play a reference role on the teachers’ salary of private preschools; (3) Compared to regions with reference salaries, regions without reference salaries are more conducive to the improvement of preschool service quality. While the education system differ, the problem discussed in this research reflects a challenge faced by many countries.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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    AU  - Tianzi Liu
    AU  - Lihua Yang
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    AB  - Research from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has found strong links between the pay and conditions of preschool teachers and the quality of preschool service provided. In order to improve the quality of private preschool, China puts forward “Several Opinions on Deepening the Reform and Standardized Development of Preschool Education” at the end of 2018, which mentioned that private preschool teachers' salaries should refer to public preschool teachers. This involves the influence of different types of preschool teachers, and the impact of their salaries on the quality of preschools. Although teacher's salary is an important research topic in the world, the reference of teachers’ salary between different types of preschools and its influence on preschools’ service quality have not been studied in previous literature. In order to solve this question, this study draws the following three conclusions based on a survey in two districts from China with different numbers of public and private preschools: (1) The teachers’ salary of public preschools does have a referential effect on the teachers’ salary of private preschools; (2) It works only when the supply of public preschools in a region is relatively inadequate, the teachers’ salary of public preschools will play a reference role on the teachers’ salary of private preschools; (3) Compared to regions with reference salaries, regions without reference salaries are more conducive to the improvement of preschool service quality. While the education system differ, the problem discussed in this research reflects a challenge faced by many countries.
    VL  - 11
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Author Information
  • School of Government, Peking University, Beijing, China

  • School of Government, Peking University, Beijing, China

  • School of Education, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia

  • School of Education, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia

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