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Serum Homocysteine Level Might Be a Predictor for Persistence of Abnormal Glucose Tolerance in Gestational Diabetes

Received: 19 March 2021     Accepted: 12 April 2021     Published: 26 April 2021
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Abstract

Background: Increased plasma homocysteine levels are recognized to exert oxidative damage resulting into risk factors for insulin resistance (IR) and vascular disease. Present study was conducted to observe post-partum persistence of abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT) and level of homocysteine after delivery in patient with GDM. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study encompassed 100 subjects (age: 28.58±4.26 years, BMI: 26.7±2.80 Kg/m2; mean±SD) who were diagnosed as GDM during their index pregnancy by any of the internationally acceptable standard criteria. At 6-12 weeks post-partum, each of them underwent anthropometric measurements, 75 gram 2 sample OGTT and measurement of plasma homocysteine level by utilizing the chemiluminescent Immunoassay method. Results: Of the 100 subjects, 32% converted to having AGT during 6 – 12 week of post-partum follow up. Statistically significant difference was found in between the AGT and normal glucose tolerance (NGT) groups in circulating concentration of homocysteine (AGT vs NGT: 9.19±1.15 vs. 6.29±1.31 mmol/L; p=<0.001). Mean age and BMI were significantly higher in the AGT group (p<0.05 for both). Independent association was found between each of the variables age, history of macrosomia and higher homocysteine level with AGT in multiple regression analysis. Conclusion: Our study identified persistence of AGT and elevation of homocysteine levels are more prominent in women with GDM in post-partum period.

Published in International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology (Volume 6, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijde.20210602.11
Page(s) 58-63
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

GDM, Plasma Homocysteine Level, Abnormal Glucose Tolerance

References
[1] American Diabetes Association. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2017: Abridged for Primary Care Providers. Clinical Diabetes 2017; 35: 5–26.
[2] Graham IM, Daly LE, Refsum HM, et al. Plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease: the European Concerted Action Project. JAMA. 1997; 277: 1775–1781.
[3] Cho NH, Lim S, Jang HC, et al. Elevated Homocysteine as a Risk Factor for the Development of Diabetes in Women With a Previous History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A 4-year prospective study. Diabetes Care 2005; 28: 2750–2755.
[4] Yang L, Zhang H, Jiang C, et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia Promotes Insulin Resistance by Inducing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Adipose Tissue. J Bio Chem. 2013; 10: 1-23.
[5] Meigs JB, Jacques PF, Selhub J, et al. Fasting Plasma Homocysteine Levels in the Insulin Resistance Syndrome: The Framingham Offspring Study. Diabetes Care 2001; 24: 1403–1410.
[6] Hoffman L, Nolan C, Dennis Wilson J, et al. Gestational diabetes mellitus - management guidelines: The Australasian Diabetes in Pregnancy Society. Medical Journal of Australia 1998; 169: 93–97.
[7] Metzger BE, Buchanan TA, Coustan DR, et al. Summary and Recommendations of the Fifth International Workshop-Conference on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care 2007; 30: S251–S260.
[8] Chatterjee S. Pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus. In: V Seshiah editor. Contemporary topics in gestational diabetes mellitus, 1st edition, New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers; 2015, p. 18-23.
[9] Shovierova H, Vidomanova E, Mahmood S, et al. The molecular and cellular effect of homocystein metabolism imbalance in human health. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17 (10): 1733.
[10] Sharmin-Jahan, Fariduddin M, Nusrat-Sultana, et al. Frequency of Post-partum Persistence of Glucose Intolerance in GDM Patients is Strikingly High at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh. JCD 2015; 2 (2): 31-35.
[11] Aktar Y, Hasanat MA, Jahan S, et al. Pregnancy Outcome in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Under Treatment. Journal of Bioinformatics and Diabetes 2017; 1: 28–34.
[12] Norhayati MN, Hazlina NHH, Asrenee AR, Wan-Emilin WMA. Magnitude and risk factors for postpartum symptoms: A literature review. Journal of Affective Disorder 2015; 175 (1): 34-52.
[13] Tobias DK, Hu FB, Forman JP, et al. Increased Risk of Hypertension after Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Findings from a large prospective cohort study. Diabetes Care 2011; 34: 1582–1584.
[14] Jahan S, Fariduddin M, Sultana N, et al. Predictors of Post-Partum Persistence of Glucose Intolerance and Its Association with Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Metab 2015; 6: 609.
[15] Nam, H. C, Lim, S, Hak, C, et al. Elevated Homocysteine as a Risk Factor for the Development of Diabetes in Women with a Previous History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care 2005; 28: 2750-2755.
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  • APA Style

    Shradha Shrestha, Sharmin Jahan, Nusrat Sultana, Mohammad Fakhrul Alam, Yasmin Akter, et al. (2021). Serum Homocysteine Level Might Be a Predictor for Persistence of Abnormal Glucose Tolerance in Gestational Diabetes. International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology, 6(2), 58-63. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20210602.11

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    ACS Style

    Shradha Shrestha; Sharmin Jahan; Nusrat Sultana; Mohammad Fakhrul Alam; Yasmin Akter, et al. Serum Homocysteine Level Might Be a Predictor for Persistence of Abnormal Glucose Tolerance in Gestational Diabetes. Int. J. Diabetes Endocrinol. 2021, 6(2), 58-63. doi: 10.11648/j.ijde.20210602.11

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    AMA Style

    Shradha Shrestha, Sharmin Jahan, Nusrat Sultana, Mohammad Fakhrul Alam, Yasmin Akter, et al. Serum Homocysteine Level Might Be a Predictor for Persistence of Abnormal Glucose Tolerance in Gestational Diabetes. Int J Diabetes Endocrinol. 2021;6(2):58-63. doi: 10.11648/j.ijde.20210602.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijde.20210602.11,
      author = {Shradha Shrestha and Sharmin Jahan and Nusrat Sultana and Mohammad Fakhrul Alam and Yasmin Akter and Mohammad Farid Uddin and Muhammad Abul Hasanat},
      title = {Serum Homocysteine Level Might Be a Predictor for Persistence of Abnormal Glucose Tolerance in Gestational Diabetes},
      journal = {International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology},
      volume = {6},
      number = {2},
      pages = {58-63},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijde.20210602.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20210602.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijde.20210602.11},
      abstract = {Background: Increased plasma homocysteine levels are recognized to exert oxidative damage resulting into risk factors for insulin resistance (IR) and vascular disease. Present study was conducted to observe post-partum persistence of abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT) and level of homocysteine after delivery in patient with GDM. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study encompassed 100 subjects (age: 28.58±4.26 years, BMI: 26.7±2.80 Kg/m2; mean±SD) who were diagnosed as GDM during their index pregnancy by any of the internationally acceptable standard criteria. At 6-12 weeks post-partum, each of them underwent anthropometric measurements, 75 gram 2 sample OGTT and measurement of plasma homocysteine level by utilizing the chemiluminescent Immunoassay method. Results: Of the 100 subjects, 32% converted to having AGT during 6 – 12 week of post-partum follow up. Statistically significant difference was found in between the AGT and normal glucose tolerance (NGT) groups in circulating concentration of homocysteine (AGT vs NGT: 9.19±1.15 vs. 6.29±1.31 mmol/L; p=<0.001). Mean age and BMI were significantly higher in the AGT group (p<0.05 for both). Independent association was found between each of the variables age, history of macrosomia and higher homocysteine level with AGT in multiple regression analysis. Conclusion: Our study identified persistence of AGT and elevation of homocysteine levels are more prominent in women with GDM in post-partum period.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Serum Homocysteine Level Might Be a Predictor for Persistence of Abnormal Glucose Tolerance in Gestational Diabetes
    AU  - Shradha Shrestha
    AU  - Sharmin Jahan
    AU  - Nusrat Sultana
    AU  - Mohammad Fakhrul Alam
    AU  - Yasmin Akter
    AU  - Mohammad Farid Uddin
    AU  - Muhammad Abul Hasanat
    Y1  - 2021/04/26
    PY  - 2021
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20210602.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijde.20210602.11
    T2  - International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology
    JF  - International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology
    JO  - International Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology
    SP  - 58
    EP  - 63
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2640-1371
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijde.20210602.11
    AB  - Background: Increased plasma homocysteine levels are recognized to exert oxidative damage resulting into risk factors for insulin resistance (IR) and vascular disease. Present study was conducted to observe post-partum persistence of abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT) and level of homocysteine after delivery in patient with GDM. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study encompassed 100 subjects (age: 28.58±4.26 years, BMI: 26.7±2.80 Kg/m2; mean±SD) who were diagnosed as GDM during their index pregnancy by any of the internationally acceptable standard criteria. At 6-12 weeks post-partum, each of them underwent anthropometric measurements, 75 gram 2 sample OGTT and measurement of plasma homocysteine level by utilizing the chemiluminescent Immunoassay method. Results: Of the 100 subjects, 32% converted to having AGT during 6 – 12 week of post-partum follow up. Statistically significant difference was found in between the AGT and normal glucose tolerance (NGT) groups in circulating concentration of homocysteine (AGT vs NGT: 9.19±1.15 vs. 6.29±1.31 mmol/L; p=<0.001). Mean age and BMI were significantly higher in the AGT group (p<0.05 for both). Independent association was found between each of the variables age, history of macrosomia and higher homocysteine level with AGT in multiple regression analysis. Conclusion: Our study identified persistence of AGT and elevation of homocysteine levels are more prominent in women with GDM in post-partum period.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Endocrinology, Vayodha Hospital, Balkhu, Kathmandu, Nepal

  • Department of Endocrinology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

  • Department of Endocrinology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

  • Department of Endocrinology, Abdul Malek Ukil Medical College, Noakhali, Bangladesh

  • Department of Endocrinology, Bangladesh Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh

  • Department of Endocrinology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

  • Department of Endocrinology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

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