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Updates on Irrigation Fluids in Endourology and TUR Syndrome - A Systematic Review

Received: 19 July 2022     Accepted: 2 August 2022     Published: 18 October 2022
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Abstract

Endourological procedures are considered to be the minimally invasive procedure among all urological strategy and cause dreadful complication even in experienced hands. Endourological procedure requires irrigating fluid to dilate mucosal space, to remove the blood clots, fragments, resected tissue from the surgical field and enhance the vision properly. Various irrigating fluids are available in the market, but few plays an important role based on price, properties, and availability. A detailed review of the various irrigating fluids used in Endourological procedures that have lesser adverse effects, different modalities of treatment and the current state of TUR syndrome was performed. A detailed review was performed of medical literature to identify the articles relevant to irrigation fluids and TUR syndrome in Endourology. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were followed while conducting this study. Two authors reviewed all the articles confirming to search criteria. All non-English, conference poster presentations, letters to editor, and case reports were excluded. Articles remaining after exclusion were analyzed under one of these heads: Properties of irrigation fluids, Patho –physiology of TUR syndrome, management of TUR syndrome. This article reviews the various irrigant solutions used in endourology in the present day practice, and their advantages and limitations.

Published in International Journal of Clinical Urology (Volume 6, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijcu.20220602.15
Page(s) 88-94
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Irrigation Fluids, TUR Syndrome, Endourology

References
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[2] Irrigation fluids in endoscopic surgery R. G Hahn. Br J Urol. 1997; 79: 669–80. [Pubmed].
[3] Collins JW, Macdermott S, Bradbrook RA, Keeley FX, Jr, Timoney AG. A comparison of the effect of 1.5% glycine and 5% glucose irrigantion on plasma serum physiology and the incidence of transurethral resection syndrome during prostate resection. BJU Int. 2005; 96: 368–372.
[4] Ekengren J, Zhang W, Hahn RG. Effects of bladder capacity and height of fluid bag on intravesical pressure during transurethral resection of the prostate. Eur Urol. 1995; 27 (1): 26-30.
[5] W. Collins, Seamus, MacDermott, Richard A. Bradbrook. Brent Drake. Frank X. Keeley. Anthony G. Timoney. The Effect of the Choice of Irrigation Fluid on Cardiac Stress During Transurethral Resection of the Prostate: A Comparison Between 1.5% Glycine and 5% Glucose.j.juro.2006.11.042.
[6] O’Donnell AM, Foo IT. Anaesthesia for transurethral resection of the prostate. ContinEducAnaesthCrit Care Pain. 2009; 9 (3): 92-6.
[7] Michielsen DP, Debacker T, De Boe V, Van Lersberghe C, Kaufman L, Braeckman JG, Amy JJ, Keuppens FI. Bipolar transurethral resection in saline-an alternative surgical treatment for bladder outlet obstruction? J Urol. 2007; 178: 2035–9.
[8] Issa MM, Young MR, Bullock AR, Bouetand R, Petrous JA. DilutionalHyponatraemia of TURP syndrome: A historical event in the 21st century. Urology. 2004; 64: 298–301. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2004.03.023.
[9] A comparison of the influence of 2.7% sorbitol-0.54% mannitol and 5% glucose irrigating fluids on plasma serum physiology during hysteroscopic procedures.
[10] Reuter M, Reuter HJ. Prevention of irrigant absorption during TURP: continuous low-pressure irrigation. IntUrol Nephrology. 1978; 10: 293–30.
[11] Sterns RH, Hix JK, Silver SM. Management of hyponatremia in the ICU. CurrOpin Nephrology Hypertension. 2010 Sep; 19 (5): 493-8. Aug; 144 (2): 672-679. [Pubmed].
[12] Krohn JS. Dilutional hypocalcaemia in association with dilutional hyponatremia. Anesthesiology. 1993; 79 (5): 1136-8.
[13] Moskovitz B, Ross M., Bolkier M., Rosenberg B, Richter Levin D. The Use of Distilled Water as an Irrigating Fluid in Patients Undergoing Transurethral Resection of the Prostate. EurUrol 1989; 16: 267–270.
[14] Influence of urological irrigation fluids on urothelial bacterial adherence. Gasser TC1, Madsen PO. Urol Res 1993; 21 (6): 401-5.
[15] Jong Taek Park, Hyun Kyo Lim, Si-Gon Kim, and DeaJa Um. Korean J Anesthesiology. 2011 Nov; 61 (5): 394–398.
[16] Hyun-Jung Shin Hyo-Seok Na, Young-Tae Jeon, Park, Sun, and Jung-Won Hwang, The impact of irrigating fluid absorption on blood coagulation in patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017 Jan; 96 (2).
[17] Rocco B, Albo G, Ferreira RC, Spinelli M, Cozzi G, Dell’orto P, et al. Recent advances in the surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. TherAdv Urol. 2011; 3 (6): 263-72.
[18] IllanGielchinsky et al. J Endo urol. 2017 Jul. The Transparency of irrigation fluids used in endoscopic surgery.
[19] Guidance for the practical management of the heparin anticoagulants in the treatment of venous thromboembolism. Maureen, Jennifer Priziola, Paul P. Dobesh, Diane Wirth, Adam Cuker, and Ann K. Wittkowsky. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2016; 41: 165–186.
[20] Olsson J, Hahu RG. Simulated intraperitoneal absorption of irrigating fluid. ActaObstetgynecolscand 1995; 74; 707-13.
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  • APA Style

    Bhalaguru Iyyan. (2022). Updates on Irrigation Fluids in Endourology and TUR Syndrome - A Systematic Review. International Journal of Clinical Urology, 6(2), 88-94. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcu.20220602.15

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    ACS Style

    Bhalaguru Iyyan. Updates on Irrigation Fluids in Endourology and TUR Syndrome - A Systematic Review. Int. J. Clin. Urol. 2022, 6(2), 88-94. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcu.20220602.15

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    AMA Style

    Bhalaguru Iyyan. Updates on Irrigation Fluids in Endourology and TUR Syndrome - A Systematic Review. Int J Clin Urol. 2022;6(2):88-94. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcu.20220602.15

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijcu.20220602.15,
      author = {Bhalaguru Iyyan},
      title = {Updates on Irrigation Fluids in Endourology and TUR Syndrome - A Systematic Review},
      journal = {International Journal of Clinical Urology},
      volume = {6},
      number = {2},
      pages = {88-94},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijcu.20220602.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcu.20220602.15},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijcu.20220602.15},
      abstract = {Endourological procedures are considered to be the minimally invasive procedure among all urological strategy and cause dreadful complication even in experienced hands. Endourological procedure requires irrigating fluid to dilate mucosal space, to remove the blood clots, fragments, resected tissue from the surgical field and enhance the vision properly. Various irrigating fluids are available in the market, but few plays an important role based on price, properties, and availability. A detailed review of the various irrigating fluids used in Endourological procedures that have lesser adverse effects, different modalities of treatment and the current state of TUR syndrome was performed. A detailed review was performed of medical literature to identify the articles relevant to irrigation fluids and TUR syndrome in Endourology. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were followed while conducting this study. Two authors reviewed all the articles confirming to search criteria. All non-English, conference poster presentations, letters to editor, and case reports were excluded. Articles remaining after exclusion were analyzed under one of these heads: Properties of irrigation fluids, Patho –physiology of TUR syndrome, management of TUR syndrome. This article reviews the various irrigant solutions used in endourology in the present day practice, and their advantages and limitations.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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    T2  - International Journal of Clinical Urology
    JF  - International Journal of Clinical Urology
    JO  - International Journal of Clinical Urology
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    AB  - Endourological procedures are considered to be the minimally invasive procedure among all urological strategy and cause dreadful complication even in experienced hands. Endourological procedure requires irrigating fluid to dilate mucosal space, to remove the blood clots, fragments, resected tissue from the surgical field and enhance the vision properly. Various irrigating fluids are available in the market, but few plays an important role based on price, properties, and availability. A detailed review of the various irrigating fluids used in Endourological procedures that have lesser adverse effects, different modalities of treatment and the current state of TUR syndrome was performed. A detailed review was performed of medical literature to identify the articles relevant to irrigation fluids and TUR syndrome in Endourology. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were followed while conducting this study. Two authors reviewed all the articles confirming to search criteria. All non-English, conference poster presentations, letters to editor, and case reports were excluded. Articles remaining after exclusion were analyzed under one of these heads: Properties of irrigation fluids, Patho –physiology of TUR syndrome, management of TUR syndrome. This article reviews the various irrigant solutions used in endourology in the present day practice, and their advantages and limitations.
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Author Information
  • Department of Urology, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, India

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