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Purification and Characterization of Cellulase from Aspergillus niger Causing Soft Rot of White Yam in Three Environments in Nigeria

Received: 4 May 2019     Accepted: 26 June 2019     Published: 30 July 2019
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Abstract

Aspergillus niger is abundant in most tropical soils and invariably, on the surface of yam tubers while still attached to the plant and on the root hairs during harvesting or storage. Naturally, the peridermic surface of the tubers function to exclude pathogen but damage caused by accidental incision or cut surface during weeding, insect attack and harvesting provide avenue for the infection. Aspergillus niger isolated from diseased yam in three zones in Nigeria synthesized cellulase which caused soft rot of the yam within nine days of inoculation. Microscopic and molecular analyses revealed two isolates of A. niger, P1 and P2, from different environment produced cellulase enzymes in significantly different proportions. When protein extracts from the infection were subjected to molecular exclusion chromatography, three peaks of absorption (A, B and C) were produced with only the components of peak A showing cellulase activity. Further fractionation of the components of peak A produced two absorption peaks (Aa and Ab) with only component Aa showing Cellulase activity. A. niger isolates, P1 and P2 showed considerable differences in the intensity of cellulase production suggesting that multiple strains of A. niger in the soil of yam-growing environments synthesized cellulase as transcriptional products in different manner underscoring the effect of physico – chemical properties of the soil on infectivity and virulence of the organism during yam rot.

Published in International Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences (Volume 5, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijaas.20190504.11
Page(s) 82-89
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Aspergillus niger, Cellulase, Soft Rot

References
[1] S. Araz, S. Caroline, J. Francisco, R. Mark, H. John and Z. Ayalsew. “Fungal Organisms Isolated from Rotted White Yam (Dioscorea rotundata) Tubers and Antagonistic Potential of Trichoderma harzianum against Colletotrichum Species,” Agricultural research and technology open access journal, vol 10 (3): 26-28, 2017.
[2] R. Fontana, S. Salvador, and M. Da Silveira. Influence of pectin and glucose on growth and polygalacturonase production by Aspergillus niger in solid-state cultivation. Journal of Microbiology and Biochemistry, vol 32: 371-371, 2005.
[3] A. Salami and A. Akintokun. Post-harvest enzymatic activities of healthy and infected cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) tubers. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture vol 20 (1): 01-17, 2008.
[4] P. Olutiola and P. Adejuwon. Protease in tomato fruits influenced by Fusarium oxysporum. Plant Pathology Journal vol 4(1): 43–45, 2005.
[5] D. Whitaker, K. Hanson and P. Datta. Improved procedures for preparation and characterization of Myrothecium Cellulase. Part 2. Purification procedures. Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology vol 41: 671-696, 1963.
[6] O. Lowry, N. Rosebrough, A. Farr and R. Randall. Protein measurement with the folin-phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193: 265–275, 1951.
[7] D. Arotupin, F. Akinyosoye and A. Onifade. Purification and characterization of pectinmethylesterase from Aspergillus repens isolated from cultivated soil. African Journal of Biotechnology vol 7(12): 1991-1998, 2008.
[8] F. Ausubel, R. Brent, R. Kingston, D. Moore, J. Seidman, J. Smith and K. Strucht. Current Protocols in Molecular Biology. John Wiley and Sons. New York vol 2: 4-8, 1994.
[9] P. Gupta. Plant Pathology. Discovery Publishing House. New Delhi – vol 11(2): 23-68, 2013.
[10] V. Gwa and E. Ekefan. Host–Multi-Pathogen Warfare: Pathogen Interactions in Co-infected Plants. Frontiers in Plant Science vol 162: 1243–1248, 2017.
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    Ajibade Gabriel Adegboyega, Abdulsalami Mohammed Sani, Denwe Samuel Dangwel, Oladapo Elizabeth Omolola, Popoola Omokunmi. (2019). Purification and Characterization of Cellulase from Aspergillus niger Causing Soft Rot of White Yam in Three Environments in Nigeria. International Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences, 5(4), 82-89. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaas.20190504.11

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    ACS Style

    Ajibade Gabriel Adegboyega; Abdulsalami Mohammed Sani; Denwe Samuel Dangwel; Oladapo Elizabeth Omolola; Popoola Omokunmi. Purification and Characterization of Cellulase from Aspergillus niger Causing Soft Rot of White Yam in Three Environments in Nigeria. Int. J. Appl. Agric. Sci. 2019, 5(4), 82-89. doi: 10.11648/j.ijaas.20190504.11

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    AMA Style

    Ajibade Gabriel Adegboyega, Abdulsalami Mohammed Sani, Denwe Samuel Dangwel, Oladapo Elizabeth Omolola, Popoola Omokunmi. Purification and Characterization of Cellulase from Aspergillus niger Causing Soft Rot of White Yam in Three Environments in Nigeria. Int J Appl Agric Sci. 2019;5(4):82-89. doi: 10.11648/j.ijaas.20190504.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijaas.20190504.11,
      author = {Ajibade Gabriel Adegboyega and Abdulsalami Mohammed Sani and Denwe Samuel Dangwel and Oladapo Elizabeth Omolola and Popoola Omokunmi},
      title = {Purification and Characterization of Cellulase from Aspergillus niger Causing Soft Rot of White Yam in Three Environments in Nigeria},
      journal = {International Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences},
      volume = {5},
      number = {4},
      pages = {82-89},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijaas.20190504.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaas.20190504.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijaas.20190504.11},
      abstract = {Aspergillus niger is abundant in most tropical soils and invariably, on the surface of yam tubers while still attached to the plant and on the root hairs during harvesting or storage. Naturally, the peridermic surface of the tubers function to exclude pathogen but damage caused by accidental incision or cut surface during weeding, insect attack and harvesting provide avenue for the infection. Aspergillus niger isolated from diseased yam in three zones in Nigeria synthesized cellulase which caused soft rot of the yam within nine days of inoculation. Microscopic and molecular analyses revealed two isolates of A. niger, P1 and P2, from different environment produced cellulase enzymes in significantly different proportions. When protein extracts from the infection were subjected to molecular exclusion chromatography, three peaks of absorption (A, B and C) were produced with only the components of peak A showing cellulase activity. Further fractionation of the components of peak A produced two absorption peaks (Aa and Ab) with only component Aa showing Cellulase activity. A. niger isolates, P1 and P2 showed considerable differences in the intensity of cellulase production suggesting that multiple strains of A. niger in the soil of yam-growing environments synthesized cellulase as transcriptional products in different manner underscoring the effect of physico – chemical properties of the soil on infectivity and virulence of the organism during yam rot.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Purification and Characterization of Cellulase from Aspergillus niger Causing Soft Rot of White Yam in Three Environments in Nigeria
    AU  - Ajibade Gabriel Adegboyega
    AU  - Abdulsalami Mohammed Sani
    AU  - Denwe Samuel Dangwel
    AU  - Oladapo Elizabeth Omolola
    AU  - Popoola Omokunmi
    Y1  - 2019/07/30
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaas.20190504.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijaas.20190504.11
    T2  - International Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences
    JF  - International Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences
    JO  - International Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences
    SP  - 82
    EP  - 89
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2469-7885
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijaas.20190504.11
    AB  - Aspergillus niger is abundant in most tropical soils and invariably, on the surface of yam tubers while still attached to the plant and on the root hairs during harvesting or storage. Naturally, the peridermic surface of the tubers function to exclude pathogen but damage caused by accidental incision or cut surface during weeding, insect attack and harvesting provide avenue for the infection. Aspergillus niger isolated from diseased yam in three zones in Nigeria synthesized cellulase which caused soft rot of the yam within nine days of inoculation. Microscopic and molecular analyses revealed two isolates of A. niger, P1 and P2, from different environment produced cellulase enzymes in significantly different proportions. When protein extracts from the infection were subjected to molecular exclusion chromatography, three peaks of absorption (A, B and C) were produced with only the components of peak A showing cellulase activity. Further fractionation of the components of peak A produced two absorption peaks (Aa and Ab) with only component Aa showing Cellulase activity. A. niger isolates, P1 and P2 showed considerable differences in the intensity of cellulase production suggesting that multiple strains of A. niger in the soil of yam-growing environments synthesized cellulase as transcriptional products in different manner underscoring the effect of physico – chemical properties of the soil on infectivity and virulence of the organism during yam rot.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Nigeria Defence Academy, Kaduna, Nigeria

  • Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Nigeria Defence Academy, Kaduna, Nigeria

  • Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Nigeria Defence Academy, Kaduna, Nigeria

  • Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Nigeria Defence Academy, Kaduna, Nigeria

  • Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Nigeria Defence Academy, Kaduna, Nigeria

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