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Child Trafficking in the Case of Wolaita Zone, Southern Nation Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia

Received: 12 March 2018     Accepted: 29 March 2018     Published: 15 May 2018
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Abstract

This study was conducted in Woliata Zone of Southern Ethiopia where the practice of child trafficking is one of the most challenging problems and happing at alarming rate. Its aim was to assess prevalenceof child trafficking; to identify and investigate the causes and consequences of child trafficking in the study area and finally to analysis demographic and socio-economic characteristics of trafficked children and parents of the victims. For the purpose of this study primary data were collected from 90 trafficked children in three administrative towns and 87 parents of the victim in four rural woredas (districts) of the zone. In addition, key informant interview and focus group discussion were used to supplement the survey with qualitative information. Secondary data were also collected from various relevant sources. Descriptive statistics was applied to characterize the survey children's and parents' social, economic and demographic factors. The finding of the study revealed that the basic livelihood assets like farm size is very small and is not in position to enable families of trafficked children to generate adequate income and access to food in sustainable way. Majority of the survey parents (75.9%) owned no oxen during the survey period. Themean age of trafficked children was 13.2 years old with minimum age was 8 years. About 57.8% trafficked children reported that food access for their family is very bad. Friends/peer pressure, brokers and families are the major agents of child trafficking in the study area. The large proportion (92.4%) of the survey children reported that poor economic condition of their family is a major factors which facilitate the processes. Labour exploitation is a common practice among trafficked children. Majority of the interviewed children reported that their life situation after trafficking is worst. Out of total survey children about 76.6% dropped education. The data from both the survey and key informant interview depicted that trafficked children are facing a serious negative consequences like punishment, unfair payment, hunger, poor health (sickness) and labour exploitation, sleeping under ditch/homelessness, begging, rape, psychological, mental and physical abuse. Many children had no knowledge about the negative consequences of the trafficking before exposure. The results of this study therefore suggest that government and other concerned bodies to give considerable attention in designing relevant strategies to overcome the existing problem of child trafficking.

Published in Humanities and Social Sciences (Volume 6, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.hss.20180602.11
Page(s) 38-53
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Child Trafficking, Cause, Consequences, Woliata Zone

References
[1] Kumar A.P. Senthil, 2015. Mysery and Myopia: Child Trafficking is a Channel to Worst Forms of Child Labour in Ethiopia, vol. 4, March, 2015.
[2] Saad Suhana and Salman Ali, 2014. Government policy and the challenge of eradicating human trafficking in Malaysia, Malaysian Journal of Society and Space 10 issue 6 (66-74) 66 ©, ISSN 2180-2491.
[3] Goel, V, 2009. Children’s human rights in underdeveloped country: A study in Ethiopian perspective. African Journal of Political Science and International Relations, Vol. 3 (4), pp. 142-155.
[4] Miller-Perrin C.L. & Perrin, R.D. 2007. Child maltreatment: An introduction, 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
[5] Eileen, M, 2008. Effective Child Protection. 2nd ed. Sage Publications Ltd.
[6] Ike A. Chris & Twumasi-Ankrah K, 1999. Child Abuse and Child Labour Across Culture: Implications for Research, Prevention and Policy Implementation. Journal of Social Development in Africa, 14, 2,109-118
[7] Genaye, E, 2008. Effectiveness of “Children‟s Right Pictorial Booklet” in Awareness Creation of Children on Child Rights, (Unpublished MA Thesis), Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa.
[8] Maheder B, 2008. Child Abuse and Neglect and Alternative Policy Solutions. Dr Deborah Zinn, Dr Richard Kordesh, Dr Alice Butterfield Johnson, Ato Zena Berhanu (Eds.), Ethiopian Social Policy Reader, Vol. 1. Addis Ababa University.
[9] Belay, H, 2007.Abuse & Neglect: Experiences of Orphan & Vulnerable Children in Addis Ababa. Proceedings of the 6th National Conference of the Ethiopian Psychologists Association, Addis Ababa.
[10] Getnet, T, 2001. Obstacles, controversies and prospects surrounding child abuse management in Addis Ababa. Northeast African Studies, Vol 8 (1), 115-141.
[11] Redlinger, J., 2004. Child trafficking and sexual exploitation. United States of America: | University of Iowa.
[12] Atsedewoine Tekle and TsehayBelaynehe,2000. Trafficking of Women from Ethiopia.
[13] ILO, 2002. A report on Trafficking and Sexual Abuse among Street Children in Katmandu, Nepal.
[14] Njuguna Wambui, 2010. Child Trafficking in Eastern Africa Region. A Regional Effort to Protect the Vulnerable Presented to The Senior Officials Meeting on Migration, Mobility and Employment Brussels, Belgium 15 – 17 September, 2010.
[15] Save the children, 2003. Child Labor in Ethiopia with special focus on Child Prostitution. This study was jointly carried with Addis Ababa City Administration Social and NGO Affairs Office- SNGOA, Save the Children Denmark (SCD) and African Network for the Prevention of and Protection Against Child Abuse and Neglect-Ethiopia Chapter (ANPPCAN), Addis Ababa.
[16] WZWCAO, 2014.Wolaita zone women and child affair office report, 2014.
[17] CSA. 2010. Population and housing census of Ethiopia. Results for Country level statistical report, A.A. July 2010: http://www.csa.org.
[18] WZFEDD. 2012. Wolaita Zone socio-economic information. Wolaita Zone Finance and Economic Development Department, May 2012.
[19] CSA. 2007. Population and housing census of Ethiopia, A.A.
[20] Ghosh, J. and Bharadwaj, K.1992. ‘Poverty and Employment in India’, in H. Bernstein, B. Crow and H. Johnson (eds) Rural Livelihoods: Crises and Responses, Oxford: Oxford University Press and The Open University.
[21] Mujib Urrehman, J. and Rana, M. F. 2008. Five livelihood strategies of different categories of households in rural areas of Abbottabad, Pakistan. Sarhad J. Agric. Vol.24, No.4, 2008.
[22] Babatunde, R. O., Olagunju, F. I., Fakayode, S. B. and Adejobi, A.O. 2010. Determinants of participation in off-farm employment among small-holder farming households in Kwara State, Nigeria
[23] Berry, S. 1989. Coping with Confusion: African farmers’ responses to economic instability in the 1970s and 1980s, Boston: African Studies Centre, Boston University.
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  • APA Style

    Yishak Gecho, Asrat Worku. (2018). Child Trafficking in the Case of Wolaita Zone, Southern Nation Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia. Humanities and Social Sciences, 6(2), 38-53. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20180602.11

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    ACS Style

    Yishak Gecho; Asrat Worku. Child Trafficking in the Case of Wolaita Zone, Southern Nation Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia. Humanit. Soc. Sci. 2018, 6(2), 38-53. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20180602.11

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    AMA Style

    Yishak Gecho, Asrat Worku. Child Trafficking in the Case of Wolaita Zone, Southern Nation Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia. Humanit Soc Sci. 2018;6(2):38-53. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20180602.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.hss.20180602.11,
      author = {Yishak Gecho and Asrat Worku},
      title = {Child Trafficking in the Case of Wolaita Zone, Southern Nation Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia},
      journal = {Humanities and Social Sciences},
      volume = {6},
      number = {2},
      pages = {38-53},
      doi = {10.11648/j.hss.20180602.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20180602.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hss.20180602.11},
      abstract = {This study was conducted in Woliata Zone of Southern Ethiopia where the practice of child trafficking is one of the most challenging problems and happing at alarming rate. Its aim was to assess prevalenceof child trafficking; to identify and investigate the causes and consequences of child trafficking in the study area and finally to analysis demographic and socio-economic characteristics of trafficked children and parents of the victims. For the purpose of this study primary data were collected from 90 trafficked children in three administrative towns and 87 parents of the victim in four rural woredas (districts) of the zone. In addition, key informant interview and focus group discussion were used to supplement the survey with qualitative information. Secondary data were also collected from various relevant sources. Descriptive statistics was applied to characterize the survey children's and parents' social, economic and demographic factors. The finding of the study revealed that the basic livelihood assets like farm size is very small and is not in position to enable families of trafficked children to generate adequate income and access to food in sustainable way. Majority of the survey parents (75.9%) owned no oxen during the survey period. Themean age of trafficked children was 13.2 years old with minimum age was 8 years. About 57.8% trafficked children reported that food access for their family is very bad. Friends/peer pressure, brokers and families are the major agents of child trafficking in the study area. The large proportion (92.4%) of the survey children reported that poor economic condition of their family is a major factors which facilitate the processes. Labour exploitation is a common practice among trafficked children. Majority of the interviewed children reported that their life situation after trafficking is worst. Out of total survey children about 76.6% dropped education. The data from both the survey and key informant interview depicted that trafficked children are facing a serious negative consequences like punishment, unfair payment, hunger, poor health (sickness) and labour exploitation, sleeping under ditch/homelessness, begging, rape, psychological, mental and physical abuse. Many children had no knowledge about the negative consequences of the trafficking before exposure. The results of this study therefore suggest that government and other concerned bodies to give considerable attention in designing relevant strategies to overcome the existing problem of child trafficking.},
     year = {2018}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Child Trafficking in the Case of Wolaita Zone, Southern Nation Nationalities and Peoples' Region, Ethiopia
    AU  - Yishak Gecho
    AU  - Asrat Worku
    Y1  - 2018/05/15
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    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20180602.11
    AB  - This study was conducted in Woliata Zone of Southern Ethiopia where the practice of child trafficking is one of the most challenging problems and happing at alarming rate. Its aim was to assess prevalenceof child trafficking; to identify and investigate the causes and consequences of child trafficking in the study area and finally to analysis demographic and socio-economic characteristics of trafficked children and parents of the victims. For the purpose of this study primary data were collected from 90 trafficked children in three administrative towns and 87 parents of the victim in four rural woredas (districts) of the zone. In addition, key informant interview and focus group discussion were used to supplement the survey with qualitative information. Secondary data were also collected from various relevant sources. Descriptive statistics was applied to characterize the survey children's and parents' social, economic and demographic factors. The finding of the study revealed that the basic livelihood assets like farm size is very small and is not in position to enable families of trafficked children to generate adequate income and access to food in sustainable way. Majority of the survey parents (75.9%) owned no oxen during the survey period. Themean age of trafficked children was 13.2 years old with minimum age was 8 years. About 57.8% trafficked children reported that food access for their family is very bad. Friends/peer pressure, brokers and families are the major agents of child trafficking in the study area. The large proportion (92.4%) of the survey children reported that poor economic condition of their family is a major factors which facilitate the processes. Labour exploitation is a common practice among trafficked children. Majority of the interviewed children reported that their life situation after trafficking is worst. Out of total survey children about 76.6% dropped education. The data from both the survey and key informant interview depicted that trafficked children are facing a serious negative consequences like punishment, unfair payment, hunger, poor health (sickness) and labour exploitation, sleeping under ditch/homelessness, begging, rape, psychological, mental and physical abuse. Many children had no knowledge about the negative consequences of the trafficking before exposure. The results of this study therefore suggest that government and other concerned bodies to give considerable attention in designing relevant strategies to overcome the existing problem of child trafficking.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 2
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Author Information
  • Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia

  • Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia

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