The State of Water Supply and Sanitation in Government Primary Schools in Dares Salaam Region a Case of Kinondoni Municipality

Mafuru Solomi Juma; Peter Elia Mosha; Stanslaus Mbonea Msuya

doi:doi:10.11648/j.fem.20180403.11

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The State of Water Supply and Sanitation in Government Primary Schools in Dares Salaam Region a Case of Kinondoni Municipality

Mafuru Solomi Juma, Peter Elia Mosha, Stanslaus Mbonea Msuya

Published in Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology (Volume 4, Issue 3)

Received: 6 March 2018 Accepted: 9 April 2018 Published: 9 May 2018

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Abstract

This paper sets out to assess the state of water supply and sanitation in government primary schools in Kinondoni Municipality. It based on data collected in 2013. A cross-sectional study design was adopted, collecting data through the use of questionnaire, in-depth interviews and observation from ten public primary schools in the study area. Statistical Package for social science (SPSS) was used to clean and analyse the data collected. The study found out that there is inadequate and unreliable water supply, water storage facilities and shortage of functioning hand-washing facilities. The available sanitation facilities are poorly utilized due to various reasons including pupils’ background personal hygiene, sanitation technology, pupils’ population, lack of hygiene education and school weakness in implementing School Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (SWASH) guideline. The study concludes that although the government primary schools in Kinondoni Municipality own a variety of water sources and sanitation facilities, generally there is inadequate coverage of water and sanitation facilities in primary schools. Also the SWASH guidelines did not specify who is to be responsible for the maintenance costs, awareness creation to teachers, parents, and pupils as well cultural aspect on the use of SWASH facilities were not considered. To increase water reliability at schools, multiple sources (water tape and deep wells) could be the best solution. Parents and pupils should be involved in SWASH program awareness and consider economic (maintenance costs) and cultural appropriateness, also to avoid punishing pupils by using toilet cleaning at schools.

Published in	Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology (Volume 4, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.fem.20180403.11
Page(s)	81-87
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Sanitation, Hygiene, Hand Washing

References

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APA Style

Mafuru Solomi Juma, Peter Elia Mosha, Stanslaus Mbonea Msuya. (2018). The State of Water Supply and Sanitation in Government Primary Schools in Dares Salaam Region a Case of Kinondoni Municipality. Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology, 4(3), 81-87. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20180403.11

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ACS Style

Mafuru Solomi Juma; Peter Elia Mosha; Stanslaus Mbonea Msuya. The State of Water Supply and Sanitation in Government Primary Schools in Dares Salaam Region a Case of Kinondoni Municipality. Front. Environ. Microbiol. 2018, 4(3), 81-87. doi: 10.11648/j.fem.20180403.11

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AMA Style

Mafuru Solomi Juma, Peter Elia Mosha, Stanslaus Mbonea Msuya. The State of Water Supply and Sanitation in Government Primary Schools in Dares Salaam Region a Case of Kinondoni Municipality. Front Environ Microbiol. 2018;4(3):81-87. doi: 10.11648/j.fem.20180403.11

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@article{10.11648/j.fem.20180403.11,
  author = {Mafuru Solomi Juma and Peter Elia Mosha and Stanslaus Mbonea Msuya},
  title = {The State of Water Supply and Sanitation in Government Primary Schools in Dares Salaam Region a Case of Kinondoni Municipality},
  journal = {Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology},
  volume = {4},
  number = {3},
  pages = {81-87},
  doi = {10.11648/j.fem.20180403.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20180403.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.fem.20180403.11},
  abstract = {This paper sets out to assess the state of water supply and sanitation in government primary schools in Kinondoni Municipality. It based on data collected in 2013. A cross-sectional study design was adopted, collecting data through the use of questionnaire, in-depth interviews and observation from ten public primary schools in the study area. Statistical Package for social science (SPSS) was used to clean and analyse the data collected. The study found out that there is inadequate and unreliable water supply, water storage facilities and shortage of functioning hand-washing facilities. The available sanitation facilities are poorly utilized due to various reasons including pupils’ background personal hygiene, sanitation technology, pupils’ population, lack of hygiene education and school weakness in implementing School Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (SWASH) guideline. The study concludes that although the government primary schools in Kinondoni Municipality own a variety of water sources and sanitation facilities, generally there is inadequate coverage of water and sanitation facilities in primary schools. Also the SWASH guidelines did not specify who is to be responsible for the maintenance costs, awareness creation to teachers, parents, and pupils as well cultural aspect on the use of SWASH facilities were not considered. To increase water reliability at schools, multiple sources (water tape and deep wells) could be the best solution. Parents and pupils should be involved in SWASH program awareness and consider economic (maintenance costs) and cultural appropriateness, also to avoid punishing pupils by using toilet cleaning at schools.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The State of Water Supply and Sanitation in Government Primary Schools in Dares Salaam Region a Case of Kinondoni Municipality
AU  - Mafuru Solomi Juma
AU  - Peter Elia Mosha
AU  - Stanslaus Mbonea Msuya
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DO  - 10.11648/j.fem.20180403.11
T2  - Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology
JO  - Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology
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EP  - 87
PB  - Science Publishing Group
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UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20180403.11
AB  - This paper sets out to assess the state of water supply and sanitation in government primary schools in Kinondoni Municipality. It based on data collected in 2013. A cross-sectional study design was adopted, collecting data through the use of questionnaire, in-depth interviews and observation from ten public primary schools in the study area. Statistical Package for social science (SPSS) was used to clean and analyse the data collected. The study found out that there is inadequate and unreliable water supply, water storage facilities and shortage of functioning hand-washing facilities. The available sanitation facilities are poorly utilized due to various reasons including pupils’ background personal hygiene, sanitation technology, pupils’ population, lack of hygiene education and school weakness in implementing School Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (SWASH) guideline. The study concludes that although the government primary schools in Kinondoni Municipality own a variety of water sources and sanitation facilities, generally there is inadequate coverage of water and sanitation facilities in primary schools. Also the SWASH guidelines did not specify who is to be responsible for the maintenance costs, awareness creation to teachers, parents, and pupils as well cultural aspect on the use of SWASH facilities were not considered. To increase water reliability at schools, multiple sources (water tape and deep wells) could be the best solution. Parents and pupils should be involved in SWASH program awareness and consider economic (maintenance costs) and cultural appropriateness, also to avoid punishing pupils by using toilet cleaning at schools.
VL  - 4
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Author Information

Mafuru Solomi Juma

Department of Environmental Planning, Institute of Rural Development Planning, Dodoma, Tanzania
Peter Elia Mosha

Department of Population Studies, Institute of Rural Development Planning, Dodoma, Tanzania
Stanslaus Mbonea Msuya

Department of Environmental Planning, Institute of Rural Development Planning, Dodoma, Tanzania

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APA Style

Mafuru Solomi Juma, Peter Elia Mosha, Stanslaus Mbonea Msuya. (2018). The State of Water Supply and Sanitation in Government Primary Schools in Dares Salaam Region a Case of Kinondoni Municipality. Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology, 4(3), 81-87. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20180403.11

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ACS Style

Mafuru Solomi Juma; Peter Elia Mosha; Stanslaus Mbonea Msuya. The State of Water Supply and Sanitation in Government Primary Schools in Dares Salaam Region a Case of Kinondoni Municipality. Front. Environ. Microbiol. 2018, 4(3), 81-87. doi: 10.11648/j.fem.20180403.11

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AMA Style

Mafuru Solomi Juma, Peter Elia Mosha, Stanslaus Mbonea Msuya. The State of Water Supply and Sanitation in Government Primary Schools in Dares Salaam Region a Case of Kinondoni Municipality. Front Environ Microbiol. 2018;4(3):81-87. doi: 10.11648/j.fem.20180403.11

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@article{10.11648/j.fem.20180403.11,
  author = {Mafuru Solomi Juma and Peter Elia Mosha and Stanslaus Mbonea Msuya},
  title = {The State of Water Supply and Sanitation in Government Primary Schools in Dares Salaam Region a Case of Kinondoni Municipality},
  journal = {Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology},
  volume = {4},
  number = {3},
  pages = {81-87},
  doi = {10.11648/j.fem.20180403.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20180403.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.fem.20180403.11},
  abstract = {This paper sets out to assess the state of water supply and sanitation in government primary schools in Kinondoni Municipality. It based on data collected in 2013. A cross-sectional study design was adopted, collecting data through the use of questionnaire, in-depth interviews and observation from ten public primary schools in the study area. Statistical Package for social science (SPSS) was used to clean and analyse the data collected. The study found out that there is inadequate and unreliable water supply, water storage facilities and shortage of functioning hand-washing facilities. The available sanitation facilities are poorly utilized due to various reasons including pupils’ background personal hygiene, sanitation technology, pupils’ population, lack of hygiene education and school weakness in implementing School Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (SWASH) guideline. The study concludes that although the government primary schools in Kinondoni Municipality own a variety of water sources and sanitation facilities, generally there is inadequate coverage of water and sanitation facilities in primary schools. Also the SWASH guidelines did not specify who is to be responsible for the maintenance costs, awareness creation to teachers, parents, and pupils as well cultural aspect on the use of SWASH facilities were not considered. To increase water reliability at schools, multiple sources (water tape and deep wells) could be the best solution. Parents and pupils should be involved in SWASH program awareness and consider economic (maintenance costs) and cultural appropriateness, also to avoid punishing pupils by using toilet cleaning at schools.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The State of Water Supply and Sanitation in Government Primary Schools in Dares Salaam Region a Case of Kinondoni Municipality
AU  - Mafuru Solomi Juma
AU  - Peter Elia Mosha
AU  - Stanslaus Mbonea Msuya
Y1  - 2018/05/09
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20180403.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.fem.20180403.11
T2  - Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology
JF  - Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology
JO  - Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology
SP  - 81
EP  - 87
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2469-8067
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.fem.20180403.11
AB  - This paper sets out to assess the state of water supply and sanitation in government primary schools in Kinondoni Municipality. It based on data collected in 2013. A cross-sectional study design was adopted, collecting data through the use of questionnaire, in-depth interviews and observation from ten public primary schools in the study area. Statistical Package for social science (SPSS) was used to clean and analyse the data collected. The study found out that there is inadequate and unreliable water supply, water storage facilities and shortage of functioning hand-washing facilities. The available sanitation facilities are poorly utilized due to various reasons including pupils’ background personal hygiene, sanitation technology, pupils’ population, lack of hygiene education and school weakness in implementing School Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (SWASH) guideline. The study concludes that although the government primary schools in Kinondoni Municipality own a variety of water sources and sanitation facilities, generally there is inadequate coverage of water and sanitation facilities in primary schools. Also the SWASH guidelines did not specify who is to be responsible for the maintenance costs, awareness creation to teachers, parents, and pupils as well cultural aspect on the use of SWASH facilities were not considered. To increase water reliability at schools, multiple sources (water tape and deep wells) could be the best solution. Parents and pupils should be involved in SWASH program awareness and consider economic (maintenance costs) and cultural appropriateness, also to avoid punishing pupils by using toilet cleaning at schools.
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
ER  -

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