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Measurement of Electromagnetic Field Effect on 900 MHz Head Fluid Replacement Liquid Temperature Using Thermocouples

Received: 27 June 2022     Accepted: 15 July 2022     Published: 22 July 2022
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Abstract

As it is known that electromagnetic fields have been used for various life activities, a study was conducted to measure the electromagnetic field effect on 900 MHz head fluid replacement liquid temperature using thermocouples. This research was conducted to determine the effect and consequences of electromagnetic wave radiation on the temperature of the replacement liquid when the emitted electromagnetic field is absorbed by the replacement liquid during communication activities. J-pole antenna is used to emit electromagnetic waves as a simulation of the electromagnetic field of mobile phones. This study shows that the change in the average head fluid replacement liquid temperature is 1.43 ± 0.136°C after being exposed to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field at a level of 23 dBm, and an average temperature change of 1.46 ± 0.147°C with a field level of 33 dBm. for 10 minutes. The effect of exposure to electromagnetic fields around the head, with a certain period of time, will cause the temperature of the head fluid to increase and the electrical characteristics of the head fluid to change which can have an impact on the healthy functioning of the head.

Published in Engineering and Applied Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12
Page(s) 51-57
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Electromagnetic Effect, Electromagnetic Waves, K-type Thermocouple, 900 MHz Head Fluid Replacement, J-Pole Antenna

References
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[2] Mild, K. H.; Alanko, T.; Hietanen, M.; Decat, G.; Falsaperla, R.; Rossi, P.; … Sandström, M. (2009). Exposure of workers to electromagnetic fields. A review of open questions on exposure assessment techniques. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 15 (1), 3–33.
[3] Ozdemir, F.; and Kargi, A. (2011). Electromagnetic Waves and Human Health, Electromagnetic Waves. In V. Zhurbenko (Ed.), Electromagnetic Waves (pp. 473–492). InTech.
[4] Wdowiak, A.; Mazurek, P. A.; Wdowiak, A.; and Bojar, I. (2017). Effect of Electromagnetic Waves on Human Reproduction. Annual of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 24 (1), 13–18.
[5] Ebrahim, S.; Azab, A. E.; Albasha, M. O.; and Albishti, N. (2016). The Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Human and Experimental Animals. International Research Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 3 (10), 106–121.
[6] Kim, J. H.; Lee, J.-K.; Kim, H.-G.; Kim, K.-B.; and Kim, H. R. (2019). Possible Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure on Central Nerve System. Biomolecules & Therapeutics, 27 (3), 265–275.
[7] Loughran, S. P.; Verrender, A.; Dalecki, A.; Burdon, C. A.; Tagami, K.; Park, J.; … Croft, R. J. (2019). Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure and the Resting EEG: Exploring the Thermal Mechanism Hypothesis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16 (9), 1505.
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[11] Foster, K. R.; and Morrissey, J. J. (2011). Thermal aspects of exposure to radiofrequency energy: Report of a workshop. International Journal of Hyperthermia, 27 (4), 307–319.
[12] McNamee, J. P.; and Chauhan, V. (2009). Radiofrequency Radiation and Gene/Protein Expression: A Review. Radiation Research, 172 (3), 265–287.
[13] Usman, A. D.; Wan Ahmad, W. F.; Ab Kadir, M. Z. A.; Mokhtar, M.; and Ariffin, R. (2012). The Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Human and Experimental Animals. World Applied Sciences Journal, 16 (5), 656–664.
[14] Brodie, G. (2019). Energy Transfer from Electromagnetic Fields to Materials. In Electromagnetic Fields and Waves. IntechOpen.
[15] Gultom; and Kartini, Y. (2013). Absorbsi Medan Elektromagnetik Handphone Frekuensi 900 MHz pada Cairan di Kepala Manusia. Institut Teknologi Indonesia.
[16] Sorgucu, U.; Develi, I.; and Ozen, S. (2015). How to Prepare Head Tissue-Equivalent Liquids for SAR Calculations, Dosimetry and Hyperthermia Researches at 900 and 1800 MHz GSM Frequencies. Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 168 (3), 365–373.
[17] Sorgucu, U.; and Develi, I. (2016). Head Equivalent Liquids: A Review on Composing, Recipes and Standards. In Proceedings of the 3rd World Congress on Electrical Engineering and Computer Systems and Science (p. 109). Budapest: Avestia Publishing.
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Harry Arjadi, Priyo Wibowo. (2022). Measurement of Electromagnetic Field Effect on 900 MHz Head Fluid Replacement Liquid Temperature Using Thermocouples. Engineering and Applied Sciences, 7(4), 51-57. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12

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    ACS Style

    Harry Arjadi; Priyo Wibowo. Measurement of Electromagnetic Field Effect on 900 MHz Head Fluid Replacement Liquid Temperature Using Thermocouples. Eng. Appl. Sci. 2022, 7(4), 51-57. doi: 10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12

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    AMA Style

    Harry Arjadi, Priyo Wibowo. Measurement of Electromagnetic Field Effect on 900 MHz Head Fluid Replacement Liquid Temperature Using Thermocouples. Eng Appl Sci. 2022;7(4):51-57. doi: 10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12,
      author = {Harry Arjadi and Priyo Wibowo},
      title = {Measurement of Electromagnetic Field Effect on 900 MHz Head Fluid Replacement Liquid Temperature Using Thermocouples},
      journal = {Engineering and Applied Sciences},
      volume = {7},
      number = {4},
      pages = {51-57},
      doi = {10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.eas.20220704.12},
      abstract = {As it is known that electromagnetic fields have been used for various life activities, a study was conducted to measure the electromagnetic field effect on 900 MHz head fluid replacement liquid temperature using thermocouples. This research was conducted to determine the effect and consequences of electromagnetic wave radiation on the temperature of the replacement liquid when the emitted electromagnetic field is absorbed by the replacement liquid during communication activities. J-pole antenna is used to emit electromagnetic waves as a simulation of the electromagnetic field of mobile phones. This study shows that the change in the average head fluid replacement liquid temperature is 1.43 ± 0.136°C after being exposed to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field at a level of 23 dBm, and an average temperature change of 1.46 ± 0.147°C with a field level of 33 dBm. for 10 minutes. The effect of exposure to electromagnetic fields around the head, with a certain period of time, will cause the temperature of the head fluid to increase and the electrical characteristics of the head fluid to change which can have an impact on the healthy functioning of the head.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Measurement of Electromagnetic Field Effect on 900 MHz Head Fluid Replacement Liquid Temperature Using Thermocouples
    AU  - Harry Arjadi
    AU  - Priyo Wibowo
    Y1  - 2022/07/22
    PY  - 2022
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12
    T2  - Engineering and Applied Sciences
    JF  - Engineering and Applied Sciences
    JO  - Engineering and Applied Sciences
    SP  - 51
    EP  - 57
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-1468
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20220704.12
    AB  - As it is known that electromagnetic fields have been used for various life activities, a study was conducted to measure the electromagnetic field effect on 900 MHz head fluid replacement liquid temperature using thermocouples. This research was conducted to determine the effect and consequences of electromagnetic wave radiation on the temperature of the replacement liquid when the emitted electromagnetic field is absorbed by the replacement liquid during communication activities. J-pole antenna is used to emit electromagnetic waves as a simulation of the electromagnetic field of mobile phones. This study shows that the change in the average head fluid replacement liquid temperature is 1.43 ± 0.136°C after being exposed to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field at a level of 23 dBm, and an average temperature change of 1.46 ± 0.147°C with a field level of 33 dBm. for 10 minutes. The effect of exposure to electromagnetic fields around the head, with a certain period of time, will cause the temperature of the head fluid to increase and the electrical characteristics of the head fluid to change which can have an impact on the healthy functioning of the head.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Electromagnetic Research Group, Research Center for Testing Technology and Standard, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia

  • Electromagnetic Research Group, Research Center for Testing Technology and Standard, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia

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